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α,β-trehalose, an intracellular substance in resting cyst of colpodid ciliates as a key to environmental tolerances
In this study, we identified α,β-trehalose in the resting cyst, a dormancy cell form characterized by extreme tolerance to environmental stresses, of the ciliated protist Colpoda cucullus, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS), glycosyltransferase (GT), alpha-amylase (AMY), and trehalose transporter 1 (TRET1), were up-regulated in encystment, while the expression of α-glucosidase 2 (AG2) and trehalase (TREH) was up-regulated in excystment. These results suggest th...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - May 2, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yoichiro Sogame Makoto Ogata Shuntaro Hakozaki Yuta Saito Tomohiro Suzuki Ryota Saito Futoshi Suizu Kozo Watanabe Source Type: research

Features of the DNA Escherichia coli RecN interaction revealed by fluorescence microscopy and single-molecule methods
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 25;716:150009. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150009. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe SOS response is a condition that occurs in bacterial cells after DNA damage. In this state, the bacterium is able to reсover the integrity of its genome. Due to the increased level of mutagenesis in cells during the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, the SOS response is also an important mechanism for bacterial adaptation to the antibiotics. One of the key proteins of the SOS response is the SMC-like protein RecN, which helps the RecA recombinase to find a homologous DNA template for repair. In this work...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - May 2, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Viktoria D Roshektaeva Aleksandr A Alekseev Alexey D Vedyaykin Viktor A Vinnik Dmitrii M Baitin Irina V Bakhlanova Georgii E Pobegalov Mikhail A Khodorkovskii Natalia E Morozova Source Type: research

Dulaglutide restores endothelial progenitor cell levels in diabetic mice and mitigates high glucose-induced endothelial injury through SIRT1-mediated mitochondrial fission
This study investigates dulaglutide's effects on peripheral blood levels of CD34+ and CD133+ cells in a mouse model of lower limb ischemia and its protective mechanisms against high-glucose-induced damage in endothelial cells. Results demonstrated that dulaglutide significantly improves blood flow, reduces tissue damage and inflammation in ischemic limbs, and enhances glycemic control. Furthermore, dulaglutide alleviated high-glucose-induced endothelial cell damage, evident from improved tube formation, reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation, and restored endothelial junction integrity. Mechanistically, dulaglutide m...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - May 2, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Xi Mei Yao Li Jinlin Wu Lumiu Liao Di Lu Ping Qiu Hui-Lan Yang Ming-Wei Tang Xin-Ying Liang Dongfang Liu Source Type: research

Pirfenidone and nintedanib exert additive antifibrotic effects by the SPP1-AKT pathway in macrophages and fibroblasts
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 26;716:150020. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150020. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive disease with high mortality rates. It has been shown that pirfenidone (PFD) and nintedanib (Ofev) can slow down the decline in lung function of IPF patients, but their efficacy remains suboptimal. Some studies have suggested that the combination of PFD and Ofev may yield promising results. However, there is a lack of research on the combined application of these two medications in the treatment of IPF. A mouse model of bleomycin-induced (BLM) pul...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - May 1, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chao Meng Guoqing Fan Jingjing Liu Ningning Tao Tieying Sun Source Type: research

Deletion of Impdh2 in adipocyte precursors limits the expansion of white adipose tissue and enhances metabolic health with overnutrition
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 25;716:149998. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149998. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe equilibrium between the hypertrophic growth of existing adipocytes and adipogenesis is vital in managing metabolic stability in white adipocytes when faced with overnutrition. Adipogenesis has been established as a key player in combating metabolic irregularities caused by various factors. However, the benefits of increasing adipogenesis-mediated white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion for metabolic health regulation remain uncertain. Our findings reveal an increase in Impdh2 expression during the adipogenesi...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - May 1, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jiaqi Hu Shiqiong Zheng Mengting Hua Mei Ding Zhangfeng Hu Haochen Jiang Source Type: research

Collection and transportation of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus diagnostic samples: Optimizing the usage of guanidine-based chaotropic salts for enhanced biosafety and viral genome preservation
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 23;715:149994. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149994. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMany virus lysis/transport buffers used in molecular diagnostics, including the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA, contain guanidine-based chaotropic salts, primarily guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) or guanidine isothiocyanate (GITC). Although the virucidal effects of GuHCl and GITC alone against some enveloped viruses have been established, standardized data on their optimum virucidal concentrations against SARS-CoV-2 and effects on viral RNA stability are scarce. T...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - May 1, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: James G Komu Dulamjav Jamsransuren Sachiko Matsuda Haruko Ogawa Yohei Takeda Source Type: research

Pharmacological inhibition of HPK1 synergizes with PD-L1 blockade to provoke antitumor immunity against tumors with low antigenicity
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 24;715:149995. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149995. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTImmune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly transformed the landscape of cancer therapy. Nevertheless, while these inhibitors are highly effective for certain patient groups, many do not benefit due to primary or acquired resistance. Specifically, these treatments often lack sufficient therapeutic efficacy against cancers with low antigenicity. Thus, the development of an effective strategy to overcome cancers with low antigenicity is imperative for advancing next-generation cancer immunotherapy. Here, we ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 30, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Genzui Setsu Megumi Goto Kentaro Ito Tomoe Taira Masaya Miyamoto Tomohiro Watanabe Saito Higuchi Source Type: research

Von-Hippel Lindau protein amyloid formation. The role of GST-tag
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 25;715:150008. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150008. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn the last decade, much attention was given to the study of physiological amyloid fibrils. These structures include A-bodies, which are the nucleolar fibrillar formations that appear in the response to acidosis and heat shock, and disassemble after the end of stress. One of the proteins involved in the biogenesis of A-bodies, regardless of the type of stress, is Von-Hippel Lindau protein (VHL). Known also as a tumor suppressor, VHL is capable to form amyloid fibrils both in vitro and in vivo in response to th...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 30, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Natalia V Kuzmina Anastasia A Gavrilova Anna S Fefilova Anna E Romanovich Irina M Kuznetsova Konstantin K Turoverov Alexander V Fonin Source Type: research

Epstein-barr virus infections induce aberrant osteoclastogenesis in immune system-humanized NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2R γC < sup > null < /sup > mice
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 23;715:149984. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149984. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) and other viral infections are possible triggers of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To analyze the causative relationship between EBV infections and RA development, we performed experiment on humanized NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2RγCnull (hu-NOG) mice reconstituted human immune system components and infected with EBV. In EBV-infected hu-NOG mice, breakdown of knee joint bones was found to be accompanied by the accumulation of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-�...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 30, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yasuko Nagatsuka Mitsuhiro Iwata Yosuke Nagasawa Hiroshi Tsuzuki Noboru Kitamura Atsushi Komatsu Kei Kawana Ryoji Ito Shigeyoshi Fujiwara Hideki Nakamura Masami Takei Source Type: research

X-ray structure and mutagenesis analyses of Clostridioides difficile endolysin Ecd09610 glucosaminidase domain
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 16;715:149957. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149957. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTClostridioides difficile endolysin (Ecd09610) consists of an unknown domain at its N terminus, followed by two catalytic domains, a glucosaminidase domain and endopeptidase domain. X-ray structure and mutagenesis analyses of the Ecd09610 catalytic domain with glucosaminidase activity (Ecd09610CD53) were performed. Ecd09610CD53 was found to possess an α-bundle-like structure with nine helices, which is well conserved among GH73 family enzymes. The mutagenesis analysis based on X-ray structures showed that Glu4...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 30, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hiroshi Sekiya Yasuhiro Nonaka Shigehiro Kamitori Tomomi Miyaji Eiji Tamai Source Type: research