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First vertebrate BRICHOS antimicrobial peptides: β-hairpin host defense peptides in limbless amphibia lung resemble those of marine worms
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 10;712-713:149913. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149913. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInnate immunity of invertebrates offers potent antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against drug-resistant infections. To identify new worm β-hairpin AMPs, we explored the sequence diversity of proteins with a BRICHOS domain, which comprises worm AMP precursors. Strikingly, we discovered new BRICHOS AMPs not in worms, but in caecilians, the least studied clade of vertebrates. Two precursor proteins from Microcaecilia unicolor and Rhinatrema bivittatum resemble SP-C lung surfactants and bear worm AMP-like peptide...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 19, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ruslan V Smetanin Maria S Sukhareva Elizaveta V Vladimirova Maria S Zharkova Anna D Mikushina Aleksey S Komlev Maria M Khaydukova Tatiana A Filatenkova Anastasia I Kalganova Sofiya O Pipiya Stanislav S Terekhov Dmitriy S Orlov Olga V Shamova Igor E Elisee Source Type: research

Visualizing ribonuclease digestion of RNA-like polymers produced by hot wet-dry cycles
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 15;712-713:149938. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149938. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPolymerization of nucleotides under prebiotic conditions simulating the early Earth has been extensively studied. Several independent methods have been used to verify that RNA-like polymers can be produced by hot wet-dry cycling of nucleotides. However, it has not been shown that these RNA-like polymers are similar to biological RNA with 3'-5' phosphodiester bonds. In the results described here, RNA-like polymers were generated from 5'-monophosphate nucleosides AMP and UMP. To confirm that the polymers res...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 19, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Laura Da Silva Simon Holm Jacobsen Eiby Morten Jannik Bjerrum Peter Waaben Thulstrup David Deamer Tue Hassenkam Source Type: research

piRNAs as emerging biomarkers and physiological regulatory molecules in cardiovascular disease
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 7;711:149906. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149906. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent one of the most considerable global health threats, owing to their high incidence and mortality rates. Despite the ongoing advancements in detection, prevention, treatment, and prognosis of CVD, which have resulted in a decline in both incidence and mortality rates, CVD remains a major public health concern. Therefore, novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic interventions are imperative to minimise the risk of CVD. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have recently gained increas...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 19, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhihua Liu Xi Zhao Source Type: research

Effect of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate on the functions of mouse skeletal muscle mitochondria
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 16;712-713:149944. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149944. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThis work examined the effect of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) on the functioning of isolated mouse skeletal muscle mitochondria and modeled its putative interaction with mitochondrial proteins. We have shown that 2-APB is able to dose-dependently suppress mitochondrial respiration in state 3 and 3UDNP driven by substrates of complex I and II. This effect of 2-APB was accompanied by a slight dose-dependent decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and appears to be due to inhibition of complex I ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 18, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Mikhail V Dubinin Alexander V Chulkov Anastasia D Igoshkina Alena A Cherepanova Natalia V Mikina Source Type: research

Neil 1 deficiency facilitates chemoresistance through upregulation of RAD18 expression in ovarian cancer stem cells
This study delves into the regulatory role of NEIL1, a DNA glycosylase, in chemoresistance in ovarian CSCs. We first observed a decreased expression of NEIL1 in ovarian CSCs, suggesting its potential involvement in CSC regulation. Using pan-cancer analysis, we confirmed the diminished NEIL1 expression in ovarian tumors compared to normal tissues. Furthermore, NEIL1 downregulation correlated with an increase in stemness markers and enrichment of CSCs, highlighting its role in modulating CSC phenotype. Further mechanistic investigation revealed an inverse correlation between NEIL1 and RAD18 expression in ovarian CSCs. NEIL1 ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 18, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Devendra Shukla Tanima Mandal Amit Kumar Srivastava Source Type: research

Corrigendum to "Lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 deficiency increases the risk of reactive oxygen species-induced ferroptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells" [Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 521 (2) 414-419]
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 16;712-713:149930. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149930. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38631132 | DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149930 (Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications)
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 17, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jong-Jer Lee Kenji Ishihara Shoji Notomi Nikolaos E Efstathiou Takashi Ueta Daniel Maidana Xiaohong Chen Yasuhiro Iesato Alberto Caligiana Demetrios G Vavvas Source Type: research

Neuron-microelectrode junction induced by an engineered synapse organizer
In this study, we engineered a downsized variant of the artificial synapse organizer based on neurexin1β and a peptide-tag, fabricated gold microelectrodes functionalized with the receptor for the organizer, and performed validation experiments in primary cultured neurons. Successful inductions of synapse-like junctions were detected at the sites of contact between neurons expressing the engineered synapse organizer and functionalized microelectrodes, but not in the negative control experiment in which the electrode functionalization was omitted. Such a molecularly inducible neuron-microelectrode junction could be the bas...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 16, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kosuke Sekine Wataru Haga Samyoung Kim Mieko Imayasu Tomoyuki Yoshida Hidekazu Tsutsui Source Type: research

DHCR7 links cholesterol synthesis with neuronal development and axonal integrity
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 12;712-713:149932. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149932. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe DHCR7 enzyme converts 7-DHC into cholesterol. Mutations in DHCR7 can block cholesterol production, leading to abnormal accumulation of 7-DHC and causing Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS). SLOS is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by multiple malformations, including microcephaly, intellectual disability, behavior reminiscent of autism, sleep disturbances, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like hyperactivity. Although 7-DHC affects neuronal differentiation in ex vivo experi...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 16, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shuya Miyazaki Nobuyuki Shimizu Hiroaki Miyahara Hitoshi Teranishi Ryohei Umeda Shinji Yano Tatsuo Shimada Hiroshi Shiraishi Kosaku Komiya Akira Katoh Akihiko Yoshimura Reiko Hanada Toshikatsu Hanada Source Type: research

Overexpression of Slc22a18 facilitates fat accumulation in mice
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Apr 9;712-713:149922. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149922. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe previously reported that solute carrier family 22 member 18 (Slc22a18) regulates lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Here, we provide additional evidence derived from experiments with adenoviral vector expression and genetic manipulation of mice. In primary cultured rat hepatocytes, adenoviral overexpression of mouse Slc22a18 increased triglyceride accumulation and triglyceride synthetic activity, which was decreased in an adenoviral knockdown experiment. Adenoviral overexpression of mouse Slc22a18 ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 16, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Takashi Yamamoto Yoko Iizuka Kozue Izumi-Yamamoto Midori Shirota Nobuko Mori Yoshikazu Tahara Toshiro Fujita Takanari Gotoda Source Type: research

CEPs suppress auxin signaling but promote cytokinin signaling to inhibit root growth in Arabidopsis
In this study, we examined prior research and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results showed that both synthetic AtCEPs and overexpression of AtCEP5 markedly supressed primary root elongation and lateral root (LR) formation in Arabidopsis. Molecular biology and genetics elucidated how CEPs inhibit root growth by suppressing auxin signaling while promoting cytokinin signaling. In summary, this study elucidated the inhibitory effects of AtCEPs on Arabidopsis root growth and provided insights into their potential molecular mechanisms, thus enhancing our comprehension of CEP-mediated regulation of plant gro...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 16, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yuwen Zhang Xingliang Duan Zhen Wang Yuanda Lv Weicong Qi Lun Li Le Luo Wei Xuan Source Type: research