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Total 527 results found since Jan 2013.

Smoothing process of conformal vibration polishing for mid-spatial frequency errors: characteristics research and guiding prediction
By combining the conformal polishing method with short stroke vibration, a novel, to the best of our knowledge, conformal vibration ...
Source: Applied Optics - April 27, 2021 Category: Physics Authors: Shi-Wei Liu Hong-Xiang Wang Qing-Hua Zhang Jing Hou Xian-Hua Chen Qiao Xu Chu Wang Source Type: research

Cardiomyopathy Mutations Impact the Actin-Activated Power Stroke of Human Cardiac Myosin
Biophys J. 2021 Apr 14:S0006-3495(21)00302-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.04.007. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCardiac muscle contraction is driven by the molecular motor myosin that uses the energy from ATP hydrolysis to generate a power stroke when interacting with actin filaments, while it is unclear how this mechanism is impaired by mutations in myosin that can lead to heart failure. We have applied a FRET strategy to investigate structural changes in the lever arm domain of human β-cardiac myosin subfragment 1 (M2β-S1). We exchanged the human ventricular regulatory light chain labeled at a single cysteine (V105C) with ...
Source: Biophysical Journal - April 17, 2021 Category: Physics Authors: W Tang J Ge W C Unrath R Desetty C M Yengo Source Type: research

Efficient radiation dose reduction in whole-brain CT perfusion imaging using a 3D GAN: Performance and clinical feasibility
Phys Med Biol. 2021 Feb 23. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/abe917. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDose reduction in cerebral CT perfusion (CTP) imaging is desirable but is accompanied by an increase in noise that can compromise the image quality and the accuracy of image-based haemodynamic modelling used for clinical decision support in acute ischaemic stroke. The few reported methods aimed at denoising low-dose CTP images lack practicality by considering only small sections of the brain or being computationally expensive. Moreover, the prediction of infarct and penumbra size and location - the chief means of decision support for t...
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology - February 23, 2021 Category: Physics Authors: Mahdieh Dashtbani Moghari Luping Zhou Biting Yu Noel Young Krystal Moore Andrew Evans Roger R Fulton Andre Z Kyme Source Type: research

Hysteresis compensation-based robust output feedback control for long-stroke piezoelectric actuators at high frequency
Publication date: Available online 7 January 2021Source: Sensors and Actuators A: PhysicalAuthor(s): Mohammad Salah, Ashraf Saleem
Source: Sensors and Actuators A: Physical - January 8, 2021 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Computational Tool for Ensemble Averaging of Single-Molecule Data.
Abstract Molecular motors couple chemical transitions to conformational changes that perform mechanical work in a wide variety of biological processes. Disruption of this coupling can lead to diseases, and therefore there is a need to accurately measure mechanochemical coupling in motors in both health and disease. Optical tweezers, with nanometer spatial and millisecond temporal resolution, have provided valuable insights into these processes. However, fluctuations due to Brownian motion can make it difficult to precisely resolve these conformational changes. One powerful analysis technique that has improved our ...
Source: Biophysical Journal - November 25, 2020 Category: Physics Authors: Blackwell T, Stump WT, Clippinger SR, Greenberg MJ Tags: Biophys J Source Type: research

A combined experimental-computational approach to quantify patient-specific blood rheology predicts altered systemic blood flow in sickle cell disease.
In this study, we applied a combined experimental-computation approach that leveraged an experimental platform that quantifies sickle blood velocity fields under a range of oxygen tensions and shear rates. We computationally fit a continuum model to our experimental data to generate physics-based parameters that capture patient-specific rheological alterations. Our results suggest that sickle blood flow is altered systemically, from the arterial to the venous circulation. We also demonstrated the application of this approach as a tool to design patient-specific transfusion regimens. Finally, we demonstrated that patient-sp...
Source: Biophysical Journal - October 20, 2020 Category: Physics Authors: Bazzi MS, Valdez JM, Barocas VH, Wood DK Tags: Biophys J Source Type: research

Automated stroke lesion segmentation in non-contrast CT scans using dense multi-path contextual generative adversarial network.
CONCLUSIONS: The proposed MPC-GAN method can accurately segment ischemic infarcts and hemorrhages from NCCT volumes of AIS patients. PMID: 32604080 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology - June 29, 2020 Category: Physics Authors: Kuang H, Menon BK, Qiu W Tags: Phys Med Biol Source Type: research

Improving Spatiotemporal Gait Asymmetry Has Limited Functional Benefit for Individuals Poststroke.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite a targeted training approach and noted improvements in most measures, these changes did not appear to arise from improved spatiotemporal gait asymmetry. Furthermore, improvements in gait function observed in the laboratory setting did not appear to translate to increased community mobility.Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A316). PMID: 32516300 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Health Physics - June 11, 2020 Category: Physics Authors: Ryan HP, Husted C, Lewek MD Tags: J Neurol Phys Ther Source Type: research

Barriers and Facilitators to Aerobic Exercise Implementation in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review.
CONCLUSIONS: Some of the identified barriers could be overcome with modeling and training in best practice, while others may require interventions targeting organizational environment and leadership. Future knowledge translation interventions should target the identified barriers and facilitators to implementing aerobic exercise.Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A312). PMID: 32516297 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Health Physics - June 11, 2020 Category: Physics Authors: Moncion K, Biasin L, Jagroop D, Bayley M, Danells C, Mansfield A, Salbach NM, Inness E, Tang A Tags: J Neurol Phys Ther Source Type: research

Large stroke quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator using three-link mechanism
Publication date: Available online 31 March 2020Source: Journal of Sound and VibrationAuthor(s): Ge Yan, Hong-Xiang Zou, Sen Wang, Lin-Chuan Zhao, Qiu-Hua Gao, Ting Tan, Wen-Ming Zhang
Source: Journal of Sound and Vibration - April 2, 2020 Category: Physics Source Type: research

A parasitic type piezoelectric actuator with the asymmetrical trapezoid flexure mechanism
This study shows a meaningful idea of the utilization of the asymmetrical trapezoid flexure mechanism for the design of novel piezoelectric actuators.Graphical Abstract
Source: Sensors and Actuators A: Physical - February 19, 2020 Category: Physics Source Type: research

A novel XYZ micro/nano positioner with an amplifier based on L-shape levers and half-bridge structure
Publication date: Available online 4 December 2019Source: Sensors and Actuators A: PhysicalAuthor(s): Yanling Tian, Yue Ma, Fujun Wang, Kangkang Lu, Dawei ZhangAbstractThis paper presents the design, modeling, and experimental validation of a novel XYZ micro/nano positioner driven by piezoelectric actuator (PEA). To achieve a large motion stroke, compact structure and good decoupling performance, a novel displacement amplifier including L-shape levers and half-bridge (LSLHB) is proposed. By utilizing a concave input mechanism for location restriction between PEA and flexible mechanism, the motion coupling caused by the inc...
Source: Sensors and Actuators A: Physical - December 5, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research

Design and experimental performance of an inertial giant magnetostrictive linear actuator
Publication date: Available online 29 November 2019Source: Sensors and Actuators A: PhysicalAuthor(s): Jingtao Zhou, Zhongbo He, Zhiyong Shi, Jinlong Song, Qingzhu LiAbstractIn order to meet the requirements of large stroke and high precision linear displacement, an inertial impact type giant magnetostrictive linear actuator was designed according to the principle of the inchworm motion. The stepwise cumulative displacement motion can be realized by applying a sawtooth wave signal to the excitation coil. The superimposed flexible hinge effectively improves the force of the system. The equivalent stiffness is calculated by ...
Source: Sensors and Actuators A: Physical - December 1, 2019 Category: Physics Source Type: research