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New Insights from Studies of Clonal Hematopoiesis.
Abstract Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) describes an asymptomatic expansion of blood cells descended from a single hematopoietic stem cell. Recent studies have shown that CH increases in frequency with aging, and is often driven by somatic mutations in genes that are recurrently mutated in hematologic malignancies. When CH is associated with a mutation in a leukemia-associated gene at a variant allele frequency of 0.02 or greater, it is termed "clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential" (CHIP).  CHIP has a 0.5-1% risk per year of progression to hematological neoplasia, and increases both all-cause mortality and ...
Source: Clinical Cancer Research - April 27, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gibson CJ, Steensma DP Tags: Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research

Testosterone Therapy in Men With Hypogonadism: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.
Conclusions: We recommend making a diagnosis of hypogonadism only in men with symptoms and signs consistent with testosterone (T) deficiency and unequivocally and consistently low serum T concentrations. We recommend measuring fasting morning total T concentrations using an accurate and reliable assay as the initial diagnostic test. We recommend confirming the diagnosis by repeating the measurement of morning fasting total T concentrations. In men whose total T is near the lower limit of normal or who have a condition that alters sex hormone-binding globulin, we recommend obtaining a free T concentration using either equil...
Source: Clinical Genitourinary Cancer - March 17, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bhasin S, Brito JP, Cunningham GR, Hayes FJ, Hodis HN, Matsumoto AM, Snyder PJ, Swerdloff RS, Wu FC, Yialamas MA Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Risk Markers and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Psoriatic Arthritis Patients.
CONCLUSION: Psoriatic arthritis appeared significantly associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction and, in turn, with an increased cardiovascular risk. Thus, patients with psoriatic arthritis may benefit from a periodic assessment of surrogate markers of cardiovascular risk. This could help to establish more specific cardiovascular prevention strategies for these patients. PMID: 29542417 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials - March 13, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Caso F, Tasso M, Ambrosino P, Nicola M, Di Minno D, Lupoli R, Criscuolo L, Caso P, Ursini F, Puente AD, Scarpa R, Costa L, Peluso R Tags: Rev Recent Clin Trials Source Type: research

New-Onset Cardiovascular Morbidity in Older Adults With Stage I to III Colorectal Cancer.
Conclusion Older patients with colorectal cancer are at increased risk of developing CVD and CHF. Diabetes and hypertension interact with chemotherapy to increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity. Future studies should assess the potential for personalized therapeutic options for those with preexisting morbidities and for structured monitoring for patients with a history of exposure to chemotherapy regimens, as well as explore the management of preexisting comorbidities to address long-term cardiovascular morbidity. PMID: 29337636 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Colorectal Cancer - January 16, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kenzik KM, Balentine C, Richman J, Kilgore M, Bhatia S, Williams GR Tags: J Clin Oncol Source Type: research

Temporal changes in treatments and outcomes after acute myocardial infarction among cancer survivors and patients without cancer, 1995 to 2013
CONCLUSIONSAmong CS and NCP with AMI in Ontario, similar improvements in mortality and receipt of treatments were observed between 1995 and 2013. However, compared with NCP, CS had a higher risk of mortality and heart failure. Cancer 2017. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Source: Cancer - December 6, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Inna Y. Gong, Andrew T. Yan, Dennis T. Ko, Craig C. Earle, Winson Y. Cheung, Stuart Peacock, Marlous Hall, Chris P. Gale, Kelvin K. W. Chan Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Increased risk of arterial thromboembolism in older men with breast cancer
ConclusionsWe provide population-based evidence that male breast cancer patients have a substantially elevated risk of ATE in the first year following a cancer diagnosis compared with matched controls. Care providers should consider this heightened risk when evaluating cardiovascular health in men with a recent breast cancer diagnosis.
Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment - November 9, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Intermittent treatment with farnesyltransferase inhibitor and sulforaphane improves cellular homeostasis in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria fibroblasts.
We report that co-administration of both drugs exerts a synergistic and additive positive effect on autophagy activity but was cytotoxic to HGPS cells. In contrast, intermittent treatment with lonafarnib followed by sulforaphane separately and in repeated cycles rescued the HGPS cellular phenotype. We propose that intermittent treatment with FTI and SFN separately might be a promising therapeutic avenue for children with HGPS. PMID: 28740020 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Oncotarget - July 26, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Effects of liraglutide on hemodynamic parameters in patients with heart failure.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of liraglutide on hemodynamic parameters in patients with heart failure. A total of 78 patients with heart failure were enrolled in this study between August 2014 and November 2015. Of these, 52 patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either liraglutide or placebo for 7 days. Hemodynamic measurements were made using transpulmonary thermodilution and arterial pulse contour analysis. At 7 days, the difference in change of the primary endpoint of cardiac output between the liraglutide group and control group was +1.1 1/min (95% CI +0.1 to +2.2; P < 0.001). Stroke volume was signific...
Source: Oncotarget - June 25, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Aspirin for Primary Prevention.
Abstract Aspirin reduces the risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke, and the risk of colorectal cancer. Aspirin increases the risk of gastrointestinal and intracranial bleeding. The best available evidence supports initiating aspirin in select populations. In 2016, the US Preventive Services Task Force recommended initiating aspirin for the primary prevention of both cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer among adults ages 50 to 59 who are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Adults 60 to 69 who are at increased cardiovascular disease risk may also benefit. There remains considerable unce...
Source: Clinical Colorectal Cancer - June 5, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Richman IB, Owens DK Tags: Med Clin North Am Source Type: research

Use and Misuse of Aspirin in Primary Cardiovascular Prevention.
Abstract The use of low-dose aspirin in primary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) events in healthy or apparently healthy people is a widely debated topic. Many arguments indicate that "primary prevention" is only a conventional definition and that the transition from primary to secondary prevention represents a continuum of increasing levels of CV risk. Although there are no direct proofs of a different efficacy of aspirin at different CV risk levels, in low-risk populations aspirin will appear to be less efficient. In fact, the lower number of events occurring in patients at low risk yields lower absolute number...
Source: Clinical Colorectal Cancer - May 6, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Coccheri S Tags: Clin Med Insights Cardiol Source Type: research

Abstract PD4-07: Are aromatase inhibitors associated with higher myocardial infarction risk in breast cancer patients? A Medicare population study
Conclusions: The occurrence of MI is very low in this cohort (4.4%), reassuring the clinicians that the older adults with comorbidities may not be at a higher risk of MI with adjuvant endocrine therapy. However, the confidence interval for the hazard ratio of AIs vs Tamoxifen is very wide, indicating that a larger sample may be needed for the power of the study to be conclusive.Citation Format: Kamaraju S, Smith E, Shi Y, Laud P, Neuner J. Are aromatase inhibitors associated with higher myocardial infarction risk in breast cancer patients? A Medicare population study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Ninth Annual C...
Source: Cancer Research - February 13, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: S Kamaraju, E Smith, Y Shi, P Laud, J Neuner Tags: Poster Discussion Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract P2-01-23: Long-term follow-up of persistent breast dermopigmentation after sentinel lymph node identification using superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SIENNA+(R))
Patients with breast cancer (BC) and those at high risk for BC are often reluctant to initiate Tamoxifen (Tam) due to potential adverse events (AEs) such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolus (PE), acute ischemic stroke (AIS), myocardial infarction (MI) and endometrial cancer (EC). Some decline this life saving therapy due to fear of AEs. AE rates from RCTs are low, but AE rates in the general population are not well documented.Methods: The MarketScanR database (2010-2013) was searched for patients aged 30-64 with a prescription of Tam active for more than 120 days. Patients with prior DVT, PE, AIS, MI or EC wer...
Source: Cancer Research - February 13, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: K Hannebicque, L Boulanger, E Bogart, S Giard, MP Chauvet, JL Houpeau Tags: Poster Session Abstracts Source Type: research

Relation between baseline plaque features and subsequent coronary artery remodeling determined by optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound.
We examined the influence of baseline plaque characteristics on subsequent vascular remodeling in response to changes in plaque size. Using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), we examined 213 plaques from 138 patients with acute coronary syndrome at baseline and repeated IVUS at the 12-month follow-up. The change in external elastic membrane (EEM) area for each 1 mm2 change in plaque area (i.e., the slope of the regression line) was calculated as a measure of vascular remodeling capacity. In plaques with static positive remodeling, the slope was smaller than in plaques without static pos...
Source: Oncotarget - December 20, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Study Confirms There Is No Safe Level of Smoking
By Stacy SimonPeople who smoke as little as 1 cigarette a day over their lifetime still have a greater risk of early death than people who have never smoked, according to a study by researchers from the National Cancer Institute. The researchers say this shows that no level of cigarette smoking is safe.The study included 290,215 adults ages 59 to 82 who answered questions about how many cigarettes they smoked during different periods throughout their lives. Researchers then followed the participants for an average 6.6 years. Results showed that people who consistently smoked an average of less than 1 cigarette per day had ...
Source: American Cancer Society :: News and Features - December 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Smoking/Tobacco Source Type: news

How to Quit Smoking
By Stacy Simon Tobacco use remains the single largest preventable cause of disease and premature death in the United States. Since the release of the Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health 50 years ago, there have been 20 million deaths due to tobacco. Almost half the deaths from 12 different types of cancer combined – including lung, voice box, throat, esophagus, and bladder cancers – are attributable to cigarette smoking alone. In addition to cancer, smoking greatly increases the risk of debilitating long-term lung diseases like emphysema and chronic bronchitis. It also raises the risk for heart...
Source: American Cancer Society :: News and Features - November 16, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Smoking/Tobacco Source Type: news

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