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Specialty: Neurology
Drug: Insulin
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Total 327 results found since Jan 2013.
Triglyceride-glucose index predicts death in patients with stroke younger than 65
ConclusionElevated TGI independently predicts death at 3 months and 12 months in patients under 65 with ischemic stroke. Regulating TGI is expected to be an approach to enhance prognosis in young individuals affected by ischemic stroke.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A review of stress-induced hyperglycaemia in the context of acute ischaemic stroke: Definition, underlying mechanisms, and the status of insulin therapy
The transient elevation of blood glucose produced following acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) has been described as stress-induced hyperglycaemia (SIH). SIH is common even in patients with AIS who have no previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Elevated blood glucose levels during admission and hospitalization are strongly associated with enlarged infarct size and adverse prognosis in AIS patients. However, insulin-intensive glucose control therapy defined by admission blood glucose for SIH has not achieved the desired results, and new treatment ideas are urgently required. First, we explore the various definitions of SIH in t...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist improved brain injury and impaired glucose metabolism in a rat model of ischemic stroke
AbstractVagus nerve stimulation through the action of acetylcholine can modulate inflammatory responses and metabolism. α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (α7nAChR) is a key component in the biological functions of acetylcholine. To further explore the health benefits of vagus nerve stimulation, this study aimed to investigate whether α7nAChR agonists offer beneficial effects against poststroke inflammatory and m etabolic changes and to identify the underlying mechanisms in a rat model of stroke established by permanent cerebral ischemia. We found evidence showing that pretreatment with α7nAChR agonist, GTS-21, improv...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - January 20, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Triglyceride-glucose index and the incidence of stroke: A meta-analysis of cohort studies
ConclusionA higher TyG index may be independently associated with a higher risk of stroke in individuals without stroke at baseline. The aforementioned findings need to be verified by a large-scale prospective cohort study to further clarify the underlying pathophysiological mechanism between the TyG index and stroke.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - January 4, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Dental Pulp Stem Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium Alleviates Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Microcirculation Impairment by Promoting M2 Microglia Polarization and Reducing Astrocyte Swelling
This study aimed to investigate whether dental pulp stem cell conditioned medium (DPSC-CM) ameliorates SAH-induced microcirculation impairment and the underlying mechanisms. SAH was induced via intrathecal injection of fresh autologous blood in Wistar male adult rat. DPSC-CM or DPSC-CM + insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) antibody was randomly administered by intrathecal route 5 min after SAH induction. To evaluate the underlying mechanisms of DPSC-CM in the treatment of SAH, primary rat astrocyte and microglia co-cultures were challenged with hemolysate or SAH-patient CSF in t he presence or absence of DPSC-CM. The res...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Post-stroke cognitive impairment and the risk of stroke recurrence and death in patients with insulin resistance
Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is associated with etiology, severity, and functional outcome of stroke. The risks of recurrent stroke and death in patients with PSCI and insulin resistance (IR) is unknown. The goal of this study was to determine whether global and domain-specific cognitive impairment after stroke in patients with IR was associated with recurrent stroke and death.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 27, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Kat Schmidt, Melinda C. Power, Adam Ciarleglio, Zurab Nadareishvili, IRIS Study Group Source Type: research
The potential role of insulin resistance in predicting outcome from intravenous thrombolytic therapy
ConclusionInsulin resistance and metabolic syndrome were associated with worse functional outcomes in non-diabetic stroke patients after receiving rt-PA.
Source: Acta Neurologica Belgica - August 20, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Central vs site outcome adjudication in the IRIS trial
Central adjudication of outcome events is the standard in clinical trial research. We examine the benefit of central adjudication in the Insulin Resistance Intervention after Stroke (IRIS) trial and show how the benefit is influenced by outcome definition and features of the adjudicated events.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 25, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Rachel Forman, Catherine M. Viscoli, Philip M. Bath, Karen L. Furie, Peter Guarino, Silvio E. Inzucchi, Lawrence Young, Walter N. Kernan Source Type: research
Post-Stroke Administration of L-4F Promotes Neurovascular and White Matter Remodeling in Type-2 Diabetic Stroke Mice
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit a distinct and high risk of ischemic stroke with worse post-stroke neurovascular and white matter (WM) prognosis than the non-diabetic population. In the central nervous system, the ATP-binding cassette transporter member A 1 (ABCA1), a reverse cholesterol transporter that efflux cellular cholesterol, plays an important role in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) biogenesis and in maintaining neurovascular stability and WM integrity. Our previous study shows that L-4F, an economical apolipoprotein A member I (ApoA-I) mimetic peptide, has neuroprotective effects via alleviati...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 28, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Potential Application of Intranasal Insulin Delivery for Treatment of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Review of The Literature
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating subtype of stroke associated with high morbidity and mortality that is considered a medical emergency, mainly managed with adequate blood pressure control and creating a favorable hemostatic condition. However, to date, none of the randomized clinical trials have led to an effective treatment for ICH. It is vital to better understand the mechanisms underlying brain injury to effectively decrease ICH-associated morbidity and mortality. It is well known that initial hematoma formation and its expansion have detrimental consequences.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 27, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Muhammad Ali Javaid, Magdy Selim, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez, Simona Lattanzi, Shima Zargar, Danielle A Alaouieh, Emily Hong, Afshin A. Divani Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Triglyceride-Glucose Index Is Related to Carotid Plaque and Its Stability in Nondiabetic Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
ConclusionOur findings suggested that the TyG index was significantly associated with carotid plaque and might be a useful indicator for the early identification of carotid plaque in nondiabetic subjects.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 24, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cardiovascular Outcomes in Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Are We Under-estimating?
Obstructive sleep apnea is a growing health concern, affecting nearly one billion people worldwide; increasingly recognized as an independent cardiovascular risk factor associated with incident obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, arrhythmias, stroke, coronary artery disease, and heart failure. The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea could be underestimated in the previous studies, leading to only modest predictions of cardiovascular outcomes. Using more physiologic data will increase sensitivity for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. Individuals at high risk of obstructive sleep apnea should be identified s...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 15, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Impact of Sarcopenia on Functional Outcomes Among Patients With Mild Acute Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Retrospective Study
ConclusionsIn this study, the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with stroke was lower than most of previous studies and patients with sarcopenia showed higher likelihood for unfavorable functional outcomes at 90 days after acute ischemic stroke or TIA. Further investigation of the interventions for treating sarcopenia and its impact on the outcome of ischemic stroke patients is needed.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 15, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Association of triglyceride-glucose index and stroke recurrence among nondiabetic patients with acute ischemic stroke
Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been considered a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. We investigated the association between TyG index and stroke recurrence and compared the effectiveness of TyG inde...
Source: BMC Neurology - March 8, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Xiaomeng Yang, Guangyao Wang, Jing Jing, Anxin Wang, Xiaoli Zhang, Qian Jia, Xia Meng, Xingquan Zhao, Liping Liu, Hao Li, Yongjun Wang and Yilong Wang Tags: Research Source Type: research
Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Intravenous Thrombolysis Outcomes for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Prospective –Cohort Study
ConclusionThis study supports the strong association between the increased TyG index and increased unfavorable functional outcomes at 90 days in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with IVT. These findings were found to be robust in patients with moderate and high stroke severity.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - February 14, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
