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Total 1739 results found since Jan 2013.

Deferoxamine Prevents Post-Stroke Memory Impairment in Female Diabetic Rats: Potential Links to Hemorrhagic Transformation and Ferroptosis
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2022 Dec 23. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00490.2022. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDiabetes increases the risk of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Greater hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after stroke is associated with vasoregression and cognitive decline in male diabetic rats. Iron chelator deferoxamine (DFX) prevents vasoregression and improves outcomes. While diabetic female rats develop greater HT, its impact on post-stroke cerebrovascularization and cognitive outcomes remained unknown. We hypothesized that diabetes mediates pathological neovascularization, and DFX attenuates post-str...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - December 23, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: Weiguo Li Yasir Abdul Raghavendar Chandran Sarah Jamil Rebecca A Ward Mohammed Abdelsaid Guangkuo Dong Susan C Fagan Adviye Ergul Source Type: research

Impacts of perinatal induced photothrombotic stroke on sensorimotor performance in adult rats.
Abstract Perinatal ischemic stroke is a leading cerebrovascular disorder occurring in infants around the time of birth associated with long term comorbidities including motor, cognitive and behavioral deficits. We sought to determine the impact of perinatal induced stroke on locomotion, behavior and motor function in rats. A photothrombotic model of ischemic stroke was used in rat at postnatal day 7. Presently, we induced two lesions of different extents, to assess the consequences of stroke on motor function, locomotion and possible correlations to morphological changes. Behavioral tests sensitive to sensorimotor...
Source: Physiological Research - November 22, 2012 Category: Physiology Authors: Brima T, Mikulecká A, Otáhal J Tags: Physiol Res Source Type: research

The working stroke of the myosin II motor in muscle is not tightly coupled to release of orthophosphate from its active site.
Abstract Skeletal muscle shortens faster against a lower load. This force-velocity relationship is the fundamental determinant of muscle performance in vivo and is due to ATP-driven working strokes of myosin II motors, during their cyclic interactions with the actin filament in each half-sarcomere. Crystallographic studies suggest that the working stroke is associated with the release of phosphate (Pi) and consists of 70° tilting of a light-chain domain that connects the catalytic domain of the myosin motor to the myosin tail and filament. However the coupling of the working stroke with Pi release is still an uns...
Source: The Journal of Physiology - July 22, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Caremani M, Melli L, Dolfi M, Lombardi V, Linari M Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

SOD1 Overexpression Prevents Acute Hyperglycemia-Induced Cerebral Myogenic Dysfunction: Relevance to Contralateral Hemisphere and Stroke Outcomes.
Conclusion: Our results showed that SOD1 overexpression nullified the detrimental effects of HG on myogenic tone and stroke outcomes, and that contralateral hemisphere may be a novel target for the management of acute hyperglycemic stroke. PMID: 25552308 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - December 31, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Coucha M, Li W, Hafez S, Abdelsaid M, Johnson MH, Fagan SC, Ergul A Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

Effects of Stroke on the Autonomic Nervous System.
Authors: Dorrance AM, Fink G Abstract Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States and the second most common cause of death worldwide; stroke is also the leading cause of long-term disability worldwide. It is clear that the consequences of cerebral ischemia reach beyond the brain into the periphery, and a significant number of stroke related deaths are the result of conditions that develop poststroke in the periphery. The two leading causes of non-neurogenic death poststroke are cardiac abnormalities and infections. Changes in autonomic nervous system function that favor increased sympathetic n...
Source: Comprehensive Physiology - July 4, 2015 Category: Physiology Tags: Compr Physiol Source Type: research

Cardiac stroke volume variability measured non-invasively by three methods for detection of central hypovolemia in healthy humans
ConclusionCardiac stroke volume estimated by ultrasound Doppler and by arterial blood pressure curve showed parallel variations beat-to-beat during simulated hemorrhage, whereas impedance cardiography did not appear to track beat-to-beat changes in cardiac stroke volume. The variability in cardiac stroke volume was decreased during mild and moderate hypovolemia and could be used for early detection of hypovolemia.
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - September 9, 2016 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Loss of GABAB -mediated interhemispheric synaptic inhibition in stroke periphery.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 29508394 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Physiology - March 5, 2018 Category: Physiology Authors: Kokinovic B, Medini P Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

The Relationship Between Blood Flow and Motor Unit Firing Rates in Response to Fatiguing Exercise Post-stroke
We quantified the relationship between the change in post-contraction blood flow with motor unit firing rates and metrics of fatigue during intermittent, sub-maximal fatiguing contractions of the knee extensor muscles after stroke. Ten chronic stroke survivors (>1-year post stroke) and nine controls participated. Throughout fatiguing contractions, the discharge timings of individual motor units were identified by decomposition of high-density surface EMG signals. After five consecutive contractions, a blood flow measurement through the femoral artery was obtained using an ultrasound machine and probe designed for vascular ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 9, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

TRPM4-specific blocking antibody attenuates reperfusion injury in a rat model of stroke.
We report the generation of a TRPM4-specific antibody M4P which binds to a region close to the channel pore. M4P could inhibit TRPM4 current and downregulate TRPM4 surface expression, therefore prevent hypoxia-induced cell swelling. In the rat model of 3-h stroke reperfusion, application of M4P at 2 h after occlusion ameliorated reperfusion injury by improving blood-brain barrier integrity, and enhanced functional recovery. Our results demonstrate that TRPM4 blockade could attenuate reperfusion injury in stroke recanalization. When applied together with reperfusion treatments, TRPM4 blocking antibody has the potential to e...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - October 28, 2019 Category: Physiology Authors: Chen B, Gao Y, Wei S, Low SW, Ng G, Yu D, Tu TM, Soong TW, Nilius B, Liao P Tags: Pflugers Arch Source Type: research

Prolonged Elevation of Arterial Stiffness Following Peak Aerobic Exercise in Individuals With Chronic Stroke
ConclusionThis was the first study to capture continuous changes in cfPWV following peak aerobic exercise in any clinical population. The present study revealed that cfPWV is elevated for 20 min after peak aerobic exercise in individuals with stroke, which was independent of heart rate. These findings suggest there may be autonomic imbalances in large arteries following peak intensity aerobic exercise in individuals with stroke.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 17, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Corticospinal recruitment of spinal motor neurons in human stroke survivors
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.PMID:34021605 | DOI:10.1113/JP281311
Source: The Journal of Physiology - May 22, 2021 Category: Physiology Authors: Michael A Urbin Jennifer L Collinger George F Wittenberg Source Type: research