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Total 1739 results found since Jan 2013.

Acute mitogen ‐activated protein kinase 1/2 inhibition improves functional recovery and vascular changes after ischaemic stroke in rat‐monitored by 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging
ConclusionEarly MEK1/2 inhibition improves long‐term functional outcome, promotes recovery processes after stroke and most importantly provides a realistic time window for therapy.
Source: Acta Physiologica - November 12, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: M. Mostajeran, F. Wetterling, F. W. Blixt, L. Edvinsson, S. Ansar Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Therapeutic angiogenesis of exosomes for ischemic stroke.
Authors: Manuel GE, Johnson T, Liu D Abstract Angiogenesis is the process through which new blood vessels are formed, while therapeutic angiogenesis aims to promote and control the angiogenic response. Ischemia results from the lack of blood flow with oxygen and nutrients. Therapeutic angiogenesis is crucial in preserving brain tissue and bodily functions after ischemic stroke. Various approaches have been proposed to promote angiogenesis in ischemic diseases. Traditional protein/gene and subsequent stem/progenitor cell approaches have not shown consistent efficacy for ischemic diseases in clinical trials. Exosomes...
Source: International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology - January 21, 2018 Category: Physiology Tags: Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol Source Type: research

Functional relevance of stroke related losses in GABAB -mediated interhemispheric inhibition for alternative modes of stroke recovery.
PMID: 29934953 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Physiology - June 22, 2018 Category: Physiology Authors: Andrushko JW, Zirk DT Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

MRI Evaluation of Axonal Remodeling After Combination Treatment With Xiaoshuan Enteric-Coated Capsule and Enriched Environment in Rats After Ischemic Stroke
This study aimed to assess whether the XSEC and EE combination could provide synergistic efficacy in axonal remodeling compared to that with a single treatment after ischemic stroke using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) followed by histological analysis. Rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion and treated with XSEC and EE alone or in combination for 30 days. T2-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were performed to examine the infarct volume and axonal remodeling, respectively. The co-localization of Ki67 with NG2 or CNPase was examined by immunofluorescence staining to assess olig...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 18, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Delayed metabolic dysfunction in myocardium following exertional heat stroke in mice.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 32026469 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Physiology - February 4, 2020 Category: Physiology Authors: Laitano O, Garcia CK, Mattingly AJ, Robinson GP, Murray KO, King MA, Ingram B, Ramamoorthy S, Leon LR, Clanton TL Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

Dehydration reduces stroke volume and cardiac output during exercise because of impaired cardiac filling and venous return, not left ventricular function
Dehydration reduces stroke volume and cardiac output during intense prolonged exercise in the heat, but the underlying peripheral and cardiac mechanisms are not fully understood. We show that the reduced stroke volume accounting for the impaired cardiac output is closely associated with diminished left ventricular filling secondary to decreased peripheral blood flow and volume, compromised venous return, and reduced cardiac filling time. These findings highlight the importance of peripheral mechanisms in cardiac performance during exercise. AbstractDehydration accrued during intense prolonged whole ‐body exercise in the ...
Source: Physiological Reports - June 14, 2020 Category: Physiology Authors: Kazuhito Watanabe, Eric J. St öhr, Koichi Akiyama, Sumie Watanabe, José González‐Alonso Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research

A brief bout of exercise in hypoxia reduces ventricular filling rate and stroke volume response during muscle metaboreflex activation
ConclusionsThe present investigation suggests that a brief exercise bout in hypoxia is capable of impairing cardiac filling rate as well as stroke volume during the metaboreflex. These results are in good accordance with recent findings showing that among hemodynamic modulators, ventricular filling is the most sensible variable to hypoxic stimuli.
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - July 18, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Increased Immunosignals of Collagen IV and Fibronectin Indicate Ischemic Consequences for the Neurovascular Matrix Adhesion Zone in Various Animal Models and Human Stroke Tissue
This study describes ischemia-induced alterations for two main components of the neurovascular matrix adhesion zone (NMZ), i.e., collagen IV as basement membrane constituent and fibronectin as crucial part of the ECM, in conjunction with traditional NVU elements. For spatio-temporal characterization of these structures, multiple immunofluorescence labeling was applied to tissues affected by focal cerebral ischemia using a filament-based model in mice (4, 24, and 72 h of ischemia), a thromboembolic model in rats (24 h of ischemia), a coagulation-based model in sheep (2 weeks of ischemia), and human autoptic stroke tissue (3...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - October 26, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Blood-Brain Barrier Damage in Ischemic Stroke and Its Regulation by Endothelial Mechanotransduction
Ischemic stroke, a major cause of mortality in the United States, often contributes to disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB along with its supportive cells, collectively referred to as the “neurovascular unit,” is the brain’s multicellular microvasculature that bi-directionally regulates the transport of blood, ions, oxygen, and cells from the circulation into the brain. It is thus vital for the maintenance of central nervous system homeostasis. BBB disruption, which is associated with the altered expression of tight junction proteins and BBB transporters, is believed to exacerbate brain injury caused...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 22, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular assessments to help understand brain-related changes associated with aerobic exercise after stroke
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Evidence suggests exercise is “good medicine” after stroke, yet consensus is lacking on the time to initiate, type, exertion level, and duration per session. It remains a challenge to identify outcome measures for stroke−exercise trials that are sufficiently sensitive to intervention parameters. Cerebrovascular assessments , namely cerebral blood flow and intracranial pulsatility, are herein discussed as examples of quantitative brain-specific measures that may be useful to monitor exercise-related brain changes and help to guide stroke rehabilitation int...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - January 5, 2021 Category: Physiology Authors: Sarah Atwi Michelle Sweeny Ellen Cohen Andrew D. Robertson Susan Marzolini Walter Swardfager Richard H. Swartz Paul I. Oh Bradley J. MacIntosh Source Type: research

Combining transcranial direct current stimulation with aerobic exercise to optimize cortical priming in stroke
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Aerobic exercise (AE) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are priming techniques that have been studied for their potential neuromodulatory effects on corticomotor excitability (CME); however, the synergistic effects of AE and tDCS are not explored in stroke. Here we investigated the synergistic effects of AE and tDCS on CME, intracortical and transcallosal inhibition, and motor control for the lower limb in stroke. Twenty-six stroke survivors participated in 3 sessions: tDCS, AE, and AE+tDCS. AE included moderate-intensity exercise and tDCS incl...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - October 23, 2020 Category: Physiology Authors: Anjali Sivaramakrishnan Sangeetha Madhavan Source Type: research

Vulnerable Plaque Is More Prevalent in Male Individuals at High Risk of Stroke: A Propensity Score-Matched Study
ConclusionMale individuals had a higher risk of vulnerable carotid plaque independent of classical vascular risk factors. Whether there is a gender-specific association between variations in genes related to inflammation, lipid metabolis, and endothelial function and plaque vulnerability needs to be further studied.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 9, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Investigating the Association of Wallerian Degeneration and Diaschisis After Ischemic Stroke With BOLD Cerebrovascular Reactivity
ConclusionWe show a strong association between Wallerian degeneration and ipsilateral thalamic diaschisis, indicating a structural pathophysiological relationship.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - June 24, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Normobaric Hypoxia Exposure During Treadmill Aerobic Exercise After Stroke: A Safety and Feasibility Study
ConclusionModerate normobaric hypoxia appeared to be a safe and feasible method to increase the cardiovascular strain of submaximal exercise in chronic hemiparetic stroke survivors. Future studies evaluating the effects of pairing normobaric hypoxia exposure with existing therapies on secondary prevention and functional recovery are warranted.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - August 16, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research