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Total 1150 results found since Jan 2013.

Inflammasome-Regulated Pyroptotic Cell Death in Disruption of the Gut-Brain Axis After Stroke
We examined the time course of inflammasome protein expression in brain and intestinal lysate using western blot analysis at 1-, 3-, and 7-days post-injury for caspase-1, interleukin-1β, nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), and apoptosis speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruiting domain (ASC) and gasdermin-D (GSDMD) cleavage. In a separate group of mice, we processed brain tissue 24 and 72 h after thrombotic stroke for immunohistochemical analysis of neuronal and endothelial cell pyroptosis. We examined intestinal tissue for morphological changes and pyroptosis of macrophages. We performed behavioral tests and ass...
Source: Cell Research - March 20, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Nadine A Kerr Juliana Sanchez Gregory O'Connor Brant D Watson Sylvia Daunert Helen M Bramlett W Dalton Dietrich Source Type: research

Intranasal Delivery of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improved Neurovascular Regeneration and Rescued Neuropsychiatric Deficits after Neonatal Stroke in Rats.
Abstract Neonatal stroke is a major cause of mortality and long-term morbidity in infants and children. Currently very limited therapeutic strategies are available to protect the developing brain against ischemic damage and promote brain repairs for pediatric patients. Moreover, children who experienced neonatal stroke often have developmental social behavior problems. Cellular therapy using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) has emerged as a regenerative therapy after stroke. In the present investigation, neonatal stroke of postnatal day 7 (P7) rat pups was treated with non-invasive and brain specific int...
Source: Cell Transplantation - February 2, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Wei ZZ, Gu X, Ferdinand A, Lee JH, Ji X, Ji XM, Yu SP, Wei L Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Fibrinogen reduction and motor function improvement by hematopoietic growth factor treatment in chronic stroke in aged mice: a treatment frequency study.
This study provides new insight into understanding of the potential contribution of SCF+G-CSF in both reducing the risk of recurrent ischemic stroke and enhancing stroke recovery. PMID: 26817662 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Transplantation - January 26, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Liu Y, Popescu M, Longo S, Gao M, Wang D, McGillis S, Zhao LR Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Sex differences in stroke therapies.
Abstract Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death and acquired disability in aged populations. Women are disproportionally affected by stroke, having a higher incidence and worse outcomes than men. Numerous preclinical studies have discovered novel therapies for the treatment of stroke, but almost all of these have been shown to be unsuccessful in clinical trials. Despite known sex differences in occurrence and severity of stroke, few preclinical or clinical therapeutics take into account possible sex differences in treatment. Reanalysis of data from studies of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), the only curren...
Source: Cell Research - November 23, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Sohrabji F, Park MJ, Mahnke AH Tags: J Neurosci Res Source Type: research

NSI ‐189, a small molecule with neurogenic properties, exerts behavioral, and neurostructural benefits in stroke rats
Enhancing neurogenesis may be a powerful stroke therapy. Here, we tested in a rat model of ischemic stroke the beneficial effects of NSI‐189, an orally active, new molecular entity (mol. wt. 366) with enhanced neurogenic activity, and indicated as an anti‐depressant drug in a clinical trial (Fava et al., , Molecular Psychiatry, DOI: 10.1038/mp.2015.178) and being tested in a Phase 2 efficacy trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, , ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02695472) for treatment of major depression. Oral administration of NSI‐189 in adult Sprague–Dawley rats starting at 6 hr after middle cerebral artery occlusion, ...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - April 25, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Naoki Tajiri, David M. Quach, Yuji Kaneko, Stephanie Wu, David Lee, Tina Lam, Ken L. Hayama, Thomas G. Hazel, Karl Johe, Michael C. Wu, Cesar V. Borlongan Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Upregulating microRNA-874-3p inhibits CXCL12 expression to promote angiogenesis and suppress inflammatory response in ischemic stroke.
Abstract Identification of specific biomarkers for ischemic stroke is necessary due to their abilities to improve treatment outcomes. Many studies have demonstrated the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis and complications of ischemic stroke and patient outcomes. We found that the expression of miR-874-3p was downregulated in clinical samples of ischemic stroke. Thus, the present study explored the potential role of miR-874-3p in ischemic stroke and related mechanisms. A mouse model of ischemic stroke was constructed by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The relationship among miR-874-3p, C-X-C mo...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - June 30, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Xie K, Cai Y, Yang P, Du F, Wu K Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

Systematic Review of Existing Stroke Guidelines: Case for a Change
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review has identified a significant evidence-practice gap in all existing national stroke guidelines published in English medium as of October 2020. These guidelines included the only current "living stroke guidelines," stroke guidelines from Australia with a real opportunity to modernize the living stroke guidelines with systems biology approach, and provide 2020 vision towards better stroke care globally. Investigation of complex disease such as stroke is best served through a systems biology approach. One of the easiest places to start is simple blood tests such as total white cell count and...
Source: Cell Research - June 20, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Tissa Wijeratne Carmela Sales Chanith Wijeratne Leila Karimi Mihajlo Jakovljevic Source Type: research

GPR39 Knockout Worsens Microcirculatory Response to Experimental Stroke in a Sex-Dependent Manner
Transl Stroke Res. 2022 Oct 1. doi: 10.1007/s12975-022-01093-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNo current treatments target microvascular reperfusion after stroke, which can contribute to poor outcomes even after successful clot retrieval. The G protein-coupled receptor GPR39 is expressed in brain peri-capillary pericytes, and has been implicated in microvascular regulation, but its role in stroke is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that GPR39 plays a protective role after stroke, in part due to preservation of microvascular perfusion. We generated GPR39 knockout (KO) mice and tested whether GPR39 gene deletion worsens cap...
Source: Cell Research - October 1, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Yifan Xu Wenri H Zhang Elyse M Allen Lev M Fedorov Anthony P Barnes Zu Yuan Qian Thierno Madjou Bah Yuandong Li Ruikang K Wang Robert E Shangraw Nabil J Alkayed Source Type: research

Transplanting Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treatment of Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract Stroke is a major disease that leads to high mortality and morbidity. Given the ageing population and the potential risk factors, the prevalence of stroke and socioeconomic burden associated with stroke are expected to increase. During the past decade, both prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for stroke have made significant progress. However, current therapies still cannot adequately improve the outcomes of stroke and may not apply to all patients. One of the significant advances in modern medicine is cell-derived neurovascular regeneration and neuronal repair. Progress in stem cell biology has great...
Source: Cell Transplantation - September 25, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang F, Tang H, Zhu J, Zhang JH Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Roles of integrins and extracellular matrix in stroke.
Abstract Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States, but recent advances in treatments (i.e. endovascular thrombectomy and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)) that target the stroke-causing blood clot, while improving overall stroke mortality rates, have had much less of an impact on overall stroke morbidity. This may in part be attributed to the lack of therapeutics targeting reperfusion induced injury after the blood clot has been removed, which, if left unchecked, can expand injury from its core into the surrounding at risk tissue (penumbra). This occurs in two phases of in...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - November 21, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Edwards D, Bix GJ Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

Therapeutic Target and Cell-signal Communication of Chlorpromazine and Promethazine in Attenuating Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption after Ischemic Stroke.
This study clearly indicates a beneficial effect of C+P on BBB integrity after stroke, which may be independent of drug-induced hypothermia. These findings further prove the clinical target and cell-signal communication of C+P treatment, which may direct us closer toward the development of an efficacious neuroprotective therapy. PMID: 30569751 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Transplantation - December 20, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Li F, Geng X, Yip J, Ding Y Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Stroke and the neurovascular unit: glial cells, sex differences and hypertension.
Abstract A functional neurovascular unit (NVU) is central to meeting the brain's dynamic metabolic needs. Post-stroke damage to the NVU within the ipsilateral hemisphere ranges from cell dysfunction to complete cell loss. Thus, understanding post-stroke cell-cell communication within the NVU is of critical importance. Loss of coordinated NVU function exacerbates ischemic injury. However, particular cells of the NVU (e.g., astrocytes) and those with ancillary roles (e.g., microglia) also contribute to repair mechanisms. Epidemiological studies support the notion that infarct size and recovery outcomes are heterogen...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - January 2, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Morrison HW, Filosa JA Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

Upregulation of MicroRNA-128 in the Peripheral Blood of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients is Correlated with Stroke Severity Partially through Inhibition of Neuronal Cell Cycle Reentry.
Abstract MiR-128, one of the most enriched miRNAs in the human brain, has been reported to protect MCAO mice via inhibiting P38α MAPK. Whether it is involved in pathogenesis in acute ischemic stroke patients remains to be determined. The present study focused on the clinical importance of miR-128 and its underlying mechanisms. We detected miR-128 levels in the circulating lymphocytes, neutrophils, and plasma of acute ischemic stroke patients by using RT-PCR. miR-128 levels were significantly elevated in circulating lymphocytes, neutrophils, and plasma of patients with acute ischemic stroke. In addition, miR-128 l...
Source: Cell Transplantation - April 29, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Liu P, Han Z, Ma Q, Liu T, Wang R, Tao Z, Li G, Li F, Zhang S, Li L, Ji X, Zhao H, Luo Y Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

MicroRNA: An Emerging Predictive, Diagnostic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Strategy in Ischaemic Stroke.
Abstract Stroke continues to be the third-leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The limited availability of diagnostic tools approved therapeutics and biomarkers that help monitor disease progression or predict future events remain as the major challenges in the field of stroke medicine. Hence, attempts to discover safe and efficacious therapeutics and reliable biomarkers are of paramount importance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that play important roles in regulating gene expression. Since miRNAs also play important roles in key mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of stroke...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - December 24, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Kadir RRA, Alwjwaj M, Bayraktutan U Tags: Cell Mol Neurobiol Source Type: research

Circulating MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Asymptomatic Intracranial Artery Stenosis
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Jul 28. doi: 10.1007/s10571-022-01259-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCirculating microRNAs have been shown to be biomarkers of various diseases. We aimed to investigate whether circulating microRNA can serve as a biomarker to predict ischemic stroke risk in asymptomatic intracranial artery stenosis. A total of 716 participants from the Asymptomatic Polyvascular Abnormalities Community study who had asymptomatic intracranial artery stenosis at baseline were enrolled (2010-11). Patients who suffered incident ischemic stroke were classified into the case group, and age- and sex-matched individuals w...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - July 28, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Jia Zhang Yuan Shen Kaijiang Kang Jinxi Lin Anxin Wang Shangzhi Li Shouling Wu Xingquan Zhao Qian Zhang Source Type: research