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Recent highlights in periopeative neurological disorders, from bench to bedside
CNS Neurosci Ther. 2022 Feb 11. doi: 10.1111/cns.13771. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPerioperative neurological disorders are important causes of postoperative disability and even perioperative death, bringing a huge challenge to the vulnerable and increasing aging population. Perioperative neurological disorders usually contain ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and neurocognitive disorders during the perioperative period. Although a few prevention and treatment strategies have been developed for each disorder, there is still a lack of effective treatments and the underlying mechanisms are far from well-understood. Thi...
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - February 11, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yunlu Guo Peiying Li Source Type: research

Sutureless Valve in Bicuspid Aortic Stenosis: Modified Technique and Midterm Outcome
CONCLUSIONS: The sutureless valve can achieve satisfactory outcomes in BAV without paravalvular leakage and excellent hemodynamics. It may serve as the benchmark for transcatheter aortic valve implantation in this unique population.PMID:35144289 | DOI:10.1055/s-0042-1742684
Source: The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon - February 10, 2022 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Han-Yan Li Feng-Chun Tsai Cheng-Hui Lu An-Hsun Chou Huei-Chiun Huang Borut Gersak Source Type: research

Sensors, Vol. 21, Pages 8507: A Review on Computer Aided Diagnosis of Acute Brain Stroke
o U. Rajendra Acharya Amongst the most common causes of death globally, stroke is one of top three affecting over 100 million people worldwide annually. There are two classes of stroke, namely ischemic stroke (due to impairment of blood supply, accounting for ~70% of all strokes) and hemorrhagic stroke (due to bleeding), both of which can result, if untreated, in permanently damaged brain tissue. The discovery that the affected brain tissue (i.e., ‘ischemic penumbra’) can be salvaged from permanent damage and the bourgeoning growth in computer aided diagnosis has led to major advances in s...
Source: Sensors - December 20, 2021 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Mahesh Anil Inamdar Udupi Raghavendra Anjan Gudigar Yashas Chakole Ajay Hegde Girish R. Menon Prabal Barua Elizabeth Emma Palmer Kang Hao Cheong Wai Yee Chan Edward J. Ciaccio U. Rajendra Acharya Tags: Review Source Type: research

Central Hypovolemia Detection During Environmental Stress —A Role for Artificial Intelligence?
The first step to exercise is preceded by the required assumption of the upright body position, which itself involves physical activity. The gravitational displacement of blood from the chest to the lower parts of the body elicits a fall in central blood volume (CBV), which corresponds to the fraction of thoracic blood volume directly available to the left ventricle. The reduction in CBV and stroke volume (SV) in response to postural stress, post-exercise, or to blood loss results in reduced left ventricular filling, which may manifest as orthostatic intolerance. When termination of exercise removes the leg muscle pump fun...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 15, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

What are Some Risk Factors for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Outcomes?
Discussion “Neonatal encephalopathy, manifesting as altered responsiveness, seizures, apnea and abnormal muscle tone and reflexes, resulting from hypoxic-ischemic injury is termed hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).” Neonatal encephalopathy can be associated with other problems including stroke, hemorrhage, infection, pre-term brain injury and hypoglycemia as some examples. Sometimes more than one of these entities occurs simultaneously such as hypoglycemia and HIE. HIE can result in long-term neurological problems including motor, behavioral, and cognitive problems that can become apparent even years later....
Source: PediatricEducation.org - December 13, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Machine Learning Models Prognosticate Functional Outcomes Better than Clinical Scores in Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage
Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (SICH) was associated with an overall incidence of 24.6 per 100,000 person-years worldwide and was most common in Asians, with an incidence of 51.8 per 100,000 person-years.1 SICH is a major cause of mortality and morbidity, with a case fatality of 40.4% at one month, one-year mortality rate of 54.0% and only 12 to 39% of patients leading an independent life on follow up.1,2 Current management for SICH remains supportive, and includes outcome prediction and rehabilitation.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Mervyn Jun Rui Lim, Raphael Hao Chong Quek, Kai Jie Ng, Ne-Hooi Will Loh, Sein Lwin, Kejia Teo, Vincent Diong Weng Nga, Tseng Tsai Yeo, Mehul Motani Source Type: research

Evaluation of Postural Sway in Post-stroke Patients by Dynamic Time Warping Clustering
This study instead evaluates the postural sway features of post-stroke patients using the clustering method of machine learning. First, we collected the stroke patients' multi-variable motion-capture standing-posture data and processed them into t s long data slots. Then, we clustered the t-s data slots into K cluster groups using the dynamic-time-warping partition-around-medoid (DTW-PAM) method. The DTW measures the similarity between two temporal sequences that may vary in speed, whereas PAM identifies the centroids for the DTW clustering method. Finally, we used a post-hoc test and found that the sway amplitudes of mark...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - December 3, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Identifying risk factors of intracerebral hemorrhage stability using explainable attention model
AbstractSegmentation of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) helps improve the quality of diagnosis, draft the desired treatment methods, and clinically observe the variations with healthy patients. The clinical utilization of various ICH progression scoring systems has limitations due to the systems ’ modest predictive value. This paper proposes a single pipeline of a multi-task model for end-to-end hemorrhage segmentation and risk estimation. We introduce a 3D spatial attention unit and integrate it into the state-of-the-art segmentation architecture, UNet, to enhance the accuracy by bootstr apping the global spatial represe...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - December 2, 2021 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Mimicking Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Emergency Assessment of Thrombolysis Eligibility: Learning from a Misdiagnosed Case
CONCLUSION: Patients with CVT have a higher risk of thrombolysis-related intracranial hemorrhage than other stroke mimics. A greater focus on noncontrast brain CT and the venous phase of CT angiography help identifying this stroke mimic before thrombolysis.PMID:34841501
Source: Acta Neurologica Taiwanica - November 29, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Po-Yu Lin Ying-Chen Chen Yuan-Ting Sun Source Type: research

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