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Relationship Between Thoracic Aortic Calcification And Coronary Artery Calcium Measured On Chest CT Scans
Introduction: Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) remain a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Identifying appropriate risk markers may allow detection of patients at high risk for stroke who would benefit from early initiation of preventative measures. Utilizing atherosclerotic burden of multiple vascular beds may allow for improved cardiovascular risk assessment. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a well-established, excellent predictor of coronary heart disease, but its association with stroke is modest.
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography - July 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: A. Zeitjian, B. Noor, V. Manubolu, A. Kinninger, M. Budoff Source Type: research

Streamlined Carotid Artery Calcification Labeling For Cta Scans
Introduction: We require vast amounts of manually labeled calcifications to train advanced machine learning classifiers for carotid artery plaque detection and phenotyping high-risk calcifications for ischemic stroke patients. We developed CTOOL, a web-based software for streamlined calcium labeling with minimal user interaction.
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography - July 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: J. Kim, N. Arnett, J. Kotler, D. Shah, B. Cucchiara, J. Song, D. Haehn Source Type: research

Intracranial Spotty Calcium Predicts Recurrent Stroke in Patients with Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis
ConclusionIn patients with symptomatic ICAS, intracranial spotty calcium is an independent predictor of recurrent ischemic stroke, which will further facilitate risk stratification and suggest that more aggressive treatment should be considered for these patients.
Source: Klinische Neuroradiologie - June 7, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Systemic arterial calcium burden in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia
5-year mortality of chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) is 50 –60% and coronary artery disease (CAD) is the main cause of death of CLTI patients, followed by stroke. The aim of this study is to quantify and qualify the calcium load in different arterial territories in patients with CLTI.
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography - May 5, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: L.C.D. Konijn, W.P.T.M. Mali, H. van Overhagen, R.A.P. Takx, H.T.C. Veger, P.A. de Jong Tags: Research paper Source Type: research

525 Should We Look For High-Risk Carotid Plaques In Patients With Coronary Artery Calcium?
Introduction: Coronary artery calcium scores (CACs) are being increasingly used for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. CACs allow for personalized and precise information on the presence and quantity of coronary atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is however a systemic disease, and the increasing ubiquity of cardiac CT potentially allows the opportunity to look for high-risk carotid plaque in patients with CAC as a means of detecting patients also at a high-risk of stroke. We therefore studied an institutional sample of patients that underwent both CT for CAC and carotid MRI.
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography - July 1, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: N. Singh, A. Rai, A. Maharaj, D. Gladstone, S. Verma, A. Moody Source Type: research

Association between vascular calcification in intracranial vertebrobasilar circulation and luminal stenosis
ConclusionOur study showed a moderate correlation between higher burden of vascular calcification and the degree of luminal stenosis. However, higher calcium burden and circumferential wall calcification were not associated with severe luminal stenosis.
Source: Neuroradiology - May 12, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Impact Analysis of Different CT Configurations of Carotid Artery Plaque Calcifications on Cerebrovascular Events EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR
CONCLUSIONS: We propose a novel carotid artery plaque configuration classification that is associated with the prevalence of cerebrovascular events. If confirmed in longitudinal analysis, this classification could be used to stratify the risk of occurrence of ischemic events.
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - February 4, 2022 Category: Radiology Authors: Saba, L., Chen, H., Cau, R., Rubeis, G. D., Zhu, G., Pisu, F., Jang, B., Lanzino, G., Suri, J. S., Qi, Y., Wintermark, M. Tags: EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR Source Type: research

Carotid Plaque Composition Assessed by CT Predicts Subsequent Cardiovascular Events among Subjects with Carotid Stenosis EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR
CONCLUSIONS: Carotid plaque Hounsfield unit density and spotty calcium were independent predictors of a greater risk of adverse cardiovascular event occurrence.
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - December 13, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Choi, E., Byun, E., Kwon, S. U., Kim, N., Suh, C. H., Kwon, H., Han, Y., Kwon, T.- W., Cho, Y.- P. Tags: EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR Source Type: research

Diagnostic reference levels and median doses for common clinical indications of CT: findings from an international registry
ConclusionsDRLs for CTDIvol and DLP for EUCLID clinical indications from diverse organizations were established and can contribute to dose optimization. These values were usually significantly higher in the US than in Europe.Key Points•Registry data were used to create benchmarks for 10 common indications for CT identified by the European Society of Radiology.•Observed US radiation doses were higher than European for 9 of 10 indications (except chronic sinusitis).•The presented diagnostic reference levels and median doses highlight potentially unnecessary variation in radiation dose.
Source: European Radiology - October 13, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Novel Human Acute Ischemic Stroke Blood Clot Analogs for In Vitro Thrombectomy Testing INTERVENTIONAL
CONCLUSIONS: Red blood cell–rich, fibrin-rich, and platelet-rich clot analogs that mimic clots retrieved from patients with acute ischemic stroke were created in vitro. Differing retrieval outcomes were confirmed using in vitro thrombectomy testing in a subset of clots.
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - July 13, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Fitzgerald, S. T., Liu, Y., Dai, D., Mereuta, O. M., Abbasi, M., Larco, J. L. A., Douglas, A. S., Kallmes, D. F., Savastano, L., Doyle, K. M., Brinjikji, W. Tags: INTERVENTIONAL Source Type: research

Deep-learning algorithm spots carotid calcium on CT exams
A deep-learning algorithm performs comparably to human readers when it come...Read more on AuntMinnie.comRelated Reading: Everyone wins when AI becomes seamless for radiologists RapidAI launches new stroke app Use of CTA, CT perfusion up -- but for the right reasons CT mobile stroke units improve patient outcomes Do angio before CT in acute stroke patients, Barcelona team urges
Source: AuntMinnie.com Headlines - July 1, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: news

CT diagnostic reference levels based on clinical indications: results of a large-scale European survey
ConclusionsThis is the first study reporting on feasibility of establishing CT DRLs based on CI using European data. Resulting values will serve as a baseline for comparison with local radiological practice, national authorities when DRLs are set/updated, or as a guideline for local DRL establishment.Key Points•First study reporting on the feasibility of establishing CT diagnostic reference levels based on clinical indication using data collected across Europe.•Only one-fourth of the hospitals had CT machines less than 5 years old.•Large dose variations were observed among hospitals and CT protocols were quite differ...
Source: European Radiology - January 15, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Ultrasound-based internal carotid artery plaque characterization using deep learning paradigm on a supercomputer: a cardiovascular disease/stroke risk assessment system
AbstractVisual or manual characterization and classification of atherosclerotic plaque lesions are tedious, error-prone, and time-consuming. The purpose of this study is to develop and design an automated carotid plaque characterization and classification system into binary classes, namely symptomatic and asymptomatic types via the deep learning (DL) framework implemented on a supercomputer. We hypothesize that on ultrasound images, symptomatic carotid plaques have (a) a low grayscale median because of a histologically large lipid core and relatively little collagen and calcium, and (b) a higher chaotic (heterogeneous) gra...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - January 9, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Prognostic Value of Coronary CT Angiography for Predicting Poor Cardiac Outcome in Stroke Patients without Known Cardiac Disease or Chest Pain: The Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease in Stroke Patients Study.
CONCLUSION: Assessment of stenosis degree and plaque type using CCTA provided additional prognostic value over CACS and FRS to risk stratify stroke patients without prior history of CAD better. PMID: 32691541 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Korean Journal of Radiology - July 23, 2020 Category: Radiology Tags: Korean J Radiol Source Type: research

Density and morphology of coronary artery calcium for the prediction of cardiovascular events: insights from the Framingham Heart Study
ConclusionsDirectly measured CAC density does not predict CVD events due to the strong correlation with CAC volume. The spherical shape and pericardial-sided location of CAC are associated with fewer CVD events and may represent morphological features related to stable coronary plaques.Key Points•Coronary calcium density may not be independently associated with cardiovascular events.•Coronary calcium density correlates strongly with calcium volume.•Spherical shape and pericardial-sided location of CAC are associated with fewer CVD events.
Source: European Radiology - May 1, 2019 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

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