Development and evaluation of two open-source nnU-Net models for automatic segmentation of lung tumors on PET and CT images with and without respiratory motion compensation
ConclusionsPerformance evaluation demonstrated that the automatic segmentation models have the potential to achieve accuracy comparable to manual segmentation and thus hold promise for clinical application. The resulting models can be freely downloaded and employed to support the integration of 3D- or 4D- PET/CT and to facilitate the evaluation of its impact on lung cancer clinical practice.Clinical relevance statementWe provide two open-source nnU-Net models for the automatic segmentation of lung tumors on PET/CT to facilitate the optimal integration of biological and anatomical information in clinical practice. The model...
Source: European Radiology - April 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Impact of ischemic stroke topography on early clinical outcome of basilar artery occlusion: a retrospective study
ConclusionUnfavorable early outcomes in patients with BAOS may be explained by a higher likelihood of inferior brain stem infarcts and lower rates of reperfusion success.Clinical relevance statementBasilar artery occlusion due to underlying stenosis is associated with a poorer prognosis than that caused by embolism; these results suggest that aggressive endovascular therapy, usually involving the placement of a permanent stent, may be warranted in these patients.Key PointsInferior brain stem and occipital infarcts are prognostically unfavorable in basilar artery occlusion.Basilar artery occlusion due to stenosis occurs mor...
Source: European Radiology - April 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
The impact of AI implementation in mammographic screening: redefining dense breast screening practices
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
ESR Essentials: screening for breast cancer - general recommendations by EUSOBI
AbstractBreast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women accounting for about 30% of all new cancer cases and the incidence is constantly increasing. Implementation of mammographic screening has contributed to a reduction in breast cancer mortality of at least 20% over the last 30 years. Screening programs usually include all women irrespective of their risk of developing breast cancer and with age being the only determining factor. This approach has some recognized limitations, including underdiagnosis, false positive cases, and overdiagnosis. Indeed, breast cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related dea...
Source: European Radiology - April 24, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Multiparametric prenatal imaging characterization of fetal brain edema in Chiari II malformation might help to select candidates for fetal surgery
ConclusionsBrain edema in fetuses with Chiari II is common and radiologically detectable on T2-weighted fetal MRI sequences, and DTI-based FA values and radiomics features provide further evidence of microstructure differences between subgroups with and without edema.Clinical relevance statementA more severe phenotype of fetuses with Chiari II malformation is characterized by prenatal brain edema and more postnatal clinical morbidity and disability. Fetal brain edema is a promising prenatal MR imaging biomarker candidate for optimizing the risk-benefit evaluation of selection for fetal surgery.Key PointsBrain edema of fetu...
Source: European Radiology - April 24, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Biparametric MRI in prostate cancer during active surveillance: is it safe?
AbstractActive surveillance (AS) is the preferred option for patients presenting with low-intermediate-risk prostate cancer. MRI now plays a crucial role for baseline assessment and ongoing monitoring of AS. The Prostate Cancer Radiological Estimation of Change in Sequential Evaluation (PRECISE) recommendations aid radiological assessment of progression; however, current guidelines do not advise on MRI protocols nor on frequency. Biparametric (bp) imaging without contrast administration offers advantages such as reduced costs and increased throughput, with similar outcomes to multiparametric (mp) MRI shown in the biopsy na...
Source: European Radiology - April 24, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Superb microvascular imaging for evaluating the activity of juvenile localised scleroderma: a preliminary study
ConclusionSMI can quantitatively detect microvascular blood flow changes in JLS skin, indicating lesion activity and severity.Clinical relevance statementSMI is a convenient, non-invasive, technique for detecting active JLS lesions and can provide valuable information to guide treatment options.Key PointsCurrent grading systems of juvenile localised scleroderma rely on subjective clinical information.Superb Microvascular Imaging identified that vascular indexes between active lesions and healthy skin positively correlated with clinical scores.Superb Microvascular Imaging effectively assesses microvascular blood flow, aidin...
Source: European Radiology - April 23, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
From text to texture: a glossary transforms the pulmonary nodule paradigm
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 22, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Clinical implications of primary “occult” vesicoureteral reflux in male children
ConclusionOccult VUR affects 23.6% of male children with VUR with a non-negligible risk of VUR-associated KI and fUTI. IC could select, among males with recurrent fUTIs and negative VCUG, those requiring surgery for a possible dilated occult VUR.Clinical relevance statementVesicoureteral reflux may be overlooked in 25% of boys during VCUG, yet they are at risk of fUTIs and KI. In case of recurrent infections post-negative cystourethrography, IC could detect occult reflux, guiding surgical intervention. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 22, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Striking the balance: optimisation of diagnostic quality and radiation safety in chest CT imaging
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 22, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Early health technology assessment: the value of valuing AI applications
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 20, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Formal wellness training of academic radiology leaders improves work-life conflict
ConclusionFormal instruction in leading wellness improved work-life conflict for academic radiology leaders. There was no significant change in burnout, fulfillment nor organizational alignment of the leaders.Clinical relevance statementFormal instruction in leading wellness raised awareness and improved work-life conflict in academic radiology leaders. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 19, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Quantitative MR imaging biomarkers for distinguishing inflammatory pancreatic mass and pancreatic cancer —a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionsQuantitative MR imaging biomarkers are useful in distinguishing between IPM and PC. ADC values differ between MFP and AIP, and they should be separated for consideration in future studies.Clinical relevance statementQuantitative MR parameters could serve as non-invasive imaging biomarkers for differentiating malignant pancreatic neoplasms from inflammatory masses of the pancreas, and hence help to avoid unnecessary surgery.Key Points•Several quantitative MR imaging biomarkers performed well in differential diagnosis between inflammatory pancreatic mass and pancreatic cancer.•The ADC value could discern pancr...
Source: European Radiology - April 19, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Re-attendance in supplemental breast MRI screening rounds of the DENSE trial for women with extremely dense breasts
ConclusionsThe willingness of women with dense breasts to re-attend an ongoing MRI screening study is high. However, emphasis should be placed on improving the MRI experience to increase the re-attendance rate if widespread supplemental MRI screening is implemented.Clinical relevance statementFor many women, MRI is an acceptable screening method, as re-attendance rates were high — even for screening in a clinical trial setting. To further enhance the (re-)attendance rate, one possible approach could be improving the overall MRI experience.Key Points•The willingness to re-attend in an ongoing MRI screening study is high...
Source: European Radiology - April 19, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Clinical impact of whole-body MRI in staging and surveillance of patients with myxoid liposarcoma: a 14-year single-centre retrospective study
ConclusionRegular WBMRI surveillance of myxoid liposarcoma patients considerably impacts clinical management by frequently influencing treatment decisions.Clinical relevance statementWBMRI has been recently recommended as an imaging option for the staging and surveillance of myxoid liposarcoma patients. Our study highlights the impact of regular WBMRI surveillance on the clinical management of these patients and how it affects their survival. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
