Improving our understanding of intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct (IPNB)
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Implementing strategies to reduce the number of urgent low-value cranial CT for non-trauma reasons —where do we start fighting the hydra?
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Quantifying image quality: are we approaching the grail?
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
The unintended consequences of artificial intelligence and high-risk triaging
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Is hip capsule morphology associated with hip pain in patients without another structural correlate?
ConclusionsPatients with hip pain are more likely to have thicker posterior capsules and a lower ratio of the anterior-to-posterior capsule area and thinner medial anterior capsules with a lower ratio of the medial-to-lateral anterior hip capsule compartment, compared with controls.Clinical relevance statementDuring MRI evaluations of patients with hip pain, morphology of the hip capsule should be assessed. This study aims to be a foundation for future analyses to identify thresholds distinguishing normal from abnormal hip capsule measurements.Key Points• Even with modern image modalities such as MRI, one of the biggest ...
Source: European Radiology - January 3, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Radiofrequency ablation for capsular-located versus noncapsular-located papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a propensity score matching study of 1095 patients
ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the short-term outcomes of RFA for capsular-located PTMCs are comparable to those of noncapsular-located PTMCs. These findings indicate that RFA may be a viable and effective alternative for eligible patients with solitary capsular-located PTMC.Clinical relevance statementRadiofrequency ablation may serve as a safe and effective alternative treatment method for eligible patients with capsular-located and noncapsular-located papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.Key Points• The safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for capsular-located and noncapsular-located papillary thyroid mi...
Source: European Radiology - January 3, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Manual prostate MRI segmentation by readers with different experience: a study of the learning progress
ConclusionsRadiology residents, regardless of prior experience, showed high segmentation accuracy. Novices showed larger interindividual variation and lower segmentation accuracy than radiology residents. To prepare datasets for artificial intelligence (AI) development, employing radiology residents seems safe and provides a good balance between cost-effectiveness and segmentation accuracy. Employing novices should only be considered on an individual basis.Clinical relevance statementEmploying radiology residents for prostate MRI segmentation seems safe and can potentially reduce the workload of expert radiologists. Employ...
Source: European Radiology - January 2, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
How subjective CT image quality assessment becomes surprisingly reliable: pairwise comparisons instead of Likert scale
ConclusionThe PC method is more reliable for subjective IQ assessment indicated by improved inter- and intraobserver agreement.Clinical relevance statementThis study shows that the pairwise comparison method is a more reliable method for subjective image quality assessment. Improved reliability is of key importance for optimization studies, validation of automatic image quality assessment algorithms, and training of AI algorithms.Key Points• Subjective assessment of diagnostic image quality via Likert scale has limited reliability.• A pairwise comparison method improves the inter- and intraobserver agreement.• The pa...
Source: European Radiology - January 2, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Reader bias in breast cancer screening related to cancer prevalence and artificial intelligence decision support —a reader study
ConclusionBreast radiologists reading a list with high cancer prevalence performed at considerably higher sensitivity and lower specificity than the original screen-readers. Adding AI information, calibrated to a screening setting, decreased sensitivity and increased specificity.Clinical relevance statementRadiologist screening mammography assessments will be biased towards higher sensitivity and lower specificity by high-risk triaging and nudged towards the sensitivity and specificity setting of AI reads. After AI implementation in clinical practice, there is reason to carefully follow screening metrics to ensure the impa...
Source: European Radiology - January 2, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Navigating challenges and opportunities: a new era for European Radiology
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - January 2, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Prostate cancer imaging for primary detection: PSMA-PET/CT vs MRI. All that glitters is not gold
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - January 2, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Automated bone age assessment in a German pediatric cohort: agreement between an artificial intelligence software and the manual Greulich and Pyle method
ConclusionIn terms of BA assessment, the new AI software was interchangeable with expert readers using the G&P method.Clinical relevance statementThe use of AI software enables every physician to provide expert reader quality in bone age assessment.Key Points•A novel artificial intelligence –based software for bone age estimation has not yet been clinically validated.•Artificial intelligence showed a good agreement and high accuracy with expert radiologists performing bone age assessment.•Artificial intelligence showed to be interchangeable with expert readers. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - December 28, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Prediction of disease severity in COPD: a deep learning approach for anomaly-based quantitative assessment of chest CT
ConclusionQuantifying heterogeneous COPD manifestations as anomaly offers advantages over supervised methods and was found to be predictive for lung function impairment and morphology deterioration.Clinical relevance statementUsing deep learning, lung manifestations of COPD can be identified as deviations from normal-appearing chest CT and attributed an anomaly score which is consistent with decreased pulmonary function, emphysema, and air trapping.Key Points•A self-supervised DL anomaly detection method discriminated low-risk individuals and COPD subjects, outperforming classic DL methods on two datasets (COPDGene AUC =...
Source: European Radiology - December 27, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Diagnostic performance of long head of biceps tendon tears on MRI: systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionMRI is highly specific for the diagnosis of complete tears of the LHBT, whereas diagnostic sensitivity was more heterogeneous. The diagnosis of partial tears and/or tendinosis of the LHBT remains challenging on MRI, which may warrant complementary clinical examination or other imaging modalities to increase diagnostic confidence in equivocal cases.Clinical relevance statementConventional MRI and MR arthrography have high diagnostic performance for complete tendon tear when compared to arthroscopy. The diagnosis of tendinosis/partial tears remains challenging and may require comparison with clinical tests and othe...
Source: European Radiology - December 27, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Knowledge, attitude, and perception of Arab medical students towards artificial intelligence in medicine and radiology: A multi-national cross-sectional study
ConclusionsArab medical students exhibit a notable deficit in their knowledge and training pertaining to AI. Despite this, they hold a positive perception of AI implementation in medicine and radiology, demonstrating a clear understanding of its significance for the healthcare system and medical curriculum.Clinical relevance statementThis study highlights the need for widespread education and training in artificial intelligence for Arab medical students, indicating its significance for healthcare systems and medical curricula.Key Points•Arab medical students demonstrate a significant knowledge and training gap when it co...
Source: European Radiology - December 27, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
