Clinical implications of primary “occult” vesicoureteral reflux in male children
ConclusionOccult VUR affects 23.6% of male children with VUR with a non-negligible risk of VUR-associated KI and fUTI. IC could select, among males with recurrent fUTIs and negative VCUG, those requiring surgery for a possible dilated occult VUR.Clinical relevance statementVesicoureteral reflux may be overlooked in 25% of boys during VCUG, yet they are at risk of fUTIs and KI. In case of recurrent infections post-negative cystourethrography, IC could detect occult reflux, guiding surgical intervention. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 22, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Striking the balance: optimisation of diagnostic quality and radiation safety in chest CT imaging
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 22, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Early health technology assessment: the value of valuing AI applications
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 20, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Formal wellness training of academic radiology leaders improves work-life conflict
ConclusionFormal instruction in leading wellness improved work-life conflict for academic radiology leaders. There was no significant change in burnout, fulfillment nor organizational alignment of the leaders.Clinical relevance statementFormal instruction in leading wellness raised awareness and improved work-life conflict in academic radiology leaders. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 19, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Quantitative MR imaging biomarkers for distinguishing inflammatory pancreatic mass and pancreatic cancer —a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionsQuantitative MR imaging biomarkers are useful in distinguishing between IPM and PC. ADC values differ between MFP and AIP, and they should be separated for consideration in future studies.Clinical relevance statementQuantitative MR parameters could serve as non-invasive imaging biomarkers for differentiating malignant pancreatic neoplasms from inflammatory masses of the pancreas, and hence help to avoid unnecessary surgery.Key Points•Several quantitative MR imaging biomarkers performed well in differential diagnosis between inflammatory pancreatic mass and pancreatic cancer.•The ADC value could discern pancr...
Source: European Radiology - April 19, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Re-attendance in supplemental breast MRI screening rounds of the DENSE trial for women with extremely dense breasts
ConclusionsThe willingness of women with dense breasts to re-attend an ongoing MRI screening study is high. However, emphasis should be placed on improving the MRI experience to increase the re-attendance rate if widespread supplemental MRI screening is implemented.Clinical relevance statementFor many women, MRI is an acceptable screening method, as re-attendance rates were high — even for screening in a clinical trial setting. To further enhance the (re-)attendance rate, one possible approach could be improving the overall MRI experience.Key Points•The willingness to re-attend in an ongoing MRI screening study is high...
Source: European Radiology - April 19, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Clinical impact of whole-body MRI in staging and surveillance of patients with myxoid liposarcoma: a 14-year single-centre retrospective study
ConclusionRegular WBMRI surveillance of myxoid liposarcoma patients considerably impacts clinical management by frequently influencing treatment decisions.Clinical relevance statementWBMRI has been recently recommended as an imaging option for the staging and surveillance of myxoid liposarcoma patients. Our study highlights the impact of regular WBMRI surveillance on the clinical management of these patients and how it affects their survival. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Association between programmed cell death ligand-1 expression in patients with cervical cancer and apparent diffusion coefficient values: a promising tool for patient ´s immunotherapy selection
ConclusionADCmin independently correlated PD-L1 expression, and the nomogram established with ADCmin and clinicopathological independent prognostic factors had a strong predictive performance for PD-L1 expression, thereby serving as a promising tool for selecting cases eligible for immunotherapy.Clinical relevance statementThe minimum ADC can serve as a reliable imaging biomarker related to PD-L1 expression; the established nomogram combines the minimum ADC and clinicopathological factors that can assist clinical immunotherapy decisions. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Artificial intelligence for automated detection and measurements of carpal instability signs on conventional radiographs
ConclusionThis study demonstrates that a newly developed automated AI system accurately measures and detects signs of carpal instability on conventional radiographs.Clinical relevance statementThis system has the potential to improve detections of carpal arc interruptions and could be a promising tool for supporting clinicians in detecting carpal instability. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Radiomics and machine learning for renal tumor subtype assessment using multiphase computed tomography in a multicenter setting
ConclusionRadiomic feature analyses can distinguish renal tumor subtypes on routinely acquired CTs, with oncocytomas being the hardest subtype to identify.Clinical relevance statementRadiomic feature analyses yield robust results for renal tumor assessment on routine CTs. Although radiologists routinely rely on arterial phase CT for renal tumor assessment and operative planning, radiomic features derived from arterial phase did not improve the accuracy of renal tumor subtype identification in our cohort. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism: when photon-counting-detector CT replaces energy-integrating-detector CT in daily routine
ConclusionCompared to EID-CT, morphology and perfusion imaging were available in all patients scanned with PCD-CT, with the radiation dose reduced by 48%.Clinical relevance statementPCD-CT enables scanning patients with the advantages of both spectral imaging, including high-quality morphologic imaging and lung perfusion for all patients, and fast scanning —a combination that is not simultaneously accessible with EID-CT while reducing the radiation dose by almost 50%. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
“Pushing the Envelope”: advanced imaging-data-analysis meets NODDI to differentiate glioblastoma and brain metastasis
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Medical image foundation models in assisting diagnosis of brain tumors: a pilot study
ConclusionsFoundation models obtained from self-supervised learning have demonstrated encouraging potential for scalability and interpretability in downstream brain tumor-related tasks and hold promise for extension to neurological diseases with diffusely distributed lesions.Clinical relevance statementThe application of our proposed method to the prediction of key molecular status in gliomas is expected to improve treatment planning and patient outcomes. Additionally, the foundation model we developed could serve as a cornerstone for advancing AI applications in the diagnosis of brain-related diseases. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 16, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Association of clinical outcome and imaging endpoints in extensive ischemic stroke —comparing measures of cerebral edema
ConclusionEV might serve as an imaging biomarker of ischemic edema in future studies, as it is applicable to infarcts of all volumes and predicts MI and VPCO in patients with large infarcts with the same accuracy as MLS.Clinical relevance statementUtilization of edema volume instead of midline shift as an edema parameter would allow differentiation of patients with large and small infarcts based on the extent of edema, with possible advantages in the prediction of treatment effects, complications, and outcome.Key Points• CT densitometry–based absolute edema volume challenges midline shift as current gold standard measu...
Source: European Radiology - April 16, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
The virtual reference radiologist: comprehensive AI assistance for clinical image reading and interpretation
ConclusionIntegrating GPT-4 in the diagnostic process improved diagnostic accuracy slightly and diagnostic confidence significantly. Potentially harmful hallucinations and misinterpretations call for caution and highlight the need for further safeguarding measures.Clinical relevance statementUsing GPT-4 as a virtual assistant when reading images made six radiologists of different experience levels feel more confident and provide more accurate diagnoses; yet, GPT-4 gave factually incorrect and potentially harmful information in 7.4% of its responses. (Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - April 16, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
