Epicardial adipose tissue dispersion at CT and recurrent atrial fibrillation after pulmonary vein isolation
ConclusionA larger LA EAT dispersion on contrast-enhanced cardiac CT scans, reflecting EAT heterogeneity, is independently associated with AF recurrence after PVI.Clinical relevance statementBased on LA EAT dispersion assessment, a more accurate risk stratification and patient selection may be possible based on a pre-procedural cardiac CT when planning PVI.Key Points• Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) remodeling is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF).• A larger left atrial EAT dispersion in a pre-procedural cardiac CT was associated with a higher 1-year AF recurrence risk after pulmonary vein isolation.• A pre-pro...
Source: European Radiology - January 10, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Myocardial strain assessment in the human fetus by cardiac MRI using Doppler ultrasound gating and feature tracking
ConclusionMyocardial strain was successfully assessed in the human fetus, performing dynamic fetal cardiac MRI with DUS gating. Our study indicates that strain parameters may allow for differentiation between fetuses with and without CHD.Clinical relevance statementMyocardial strain analysis by cardiac MRI with Doppler ultrasound gating and feature tracking may provide a new diagnostic approach for evaluation of fetal cardiac function in congenital heart disease.Key Points• MRI myocardial strain analysis has not been performed in human fetuses so far.• Myocardial strain was assessed in human fetuses using cardiac MRI w...
Source: European Radiology - January 10, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Fully automated artificial intelligence-based coronary CT angiography image processing: efficiency, diagnostic capability, and risk stratification
ConclusionsFAAI-based CCTA image processing significantly improves workflow efficiency than semi-automated mode, and is non-inferior in diagnosing obstructive CAD and risk stratification for cardiovascular events.Clinical relevance statementConventional coronary CT angiography image processing is semi-automated. This observation shows that fully automated artificial intelligence-based image processing greatly improves efficiency, and maintains high diagnostic accuracy and the effectiveness in stratifying patients for cardiovascular events.Key Points• Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) relies heavily on high-quality and fast ...
Source: European Radiology - January 9, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Normal cohorts in automated brain atrophy estimation: how many healthy subjects to include?
ConclusionAt least 15 subjects should be included in age- and sex-specific normal templates for consistent brain atrophy estimation. In the study ’s context, qualitative interpretation of regional atrophy allows reliable AD diagnosis with a high inter-reader agreement, irrespective of the NC used.Clinical relevance statementThe influence of normal cohorts (NCs) on automated brain atrophy estimation, typically comparing individual scans to NCs, remains largely unexplored. Our study establishes the minimum number of NC-subjects needed and demonstrates minimal impact of different NCs on regional atrophy estimation.Key Point...
Source: European Radiology - January 8, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Prognostic value of right ventricular trabecular complexity in patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy
ConclusionsIn patients with ACM, CMR-assessed myocardial trabecular complexity was independently correlated with adverse cardiovascular events and provided incremental prognostic value.Clinical relevance statementThe application of FD values for assessing RV myocardial trabeculae may become an accessible and promising parameter in monitoring and early diagnosis of risk factors for adverse cardiovascular events in patients with ACM.Key Points• Ventricular trabecular morphology, a novel quantitative marker by CMR, has been explored for the first time to determine the severity of ACM.• Patients with higher maximal apical ...
Source: European Radiology - January 8, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Advanced CT measures of coronary artery disease with intermediate stenosis in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis
ConclusionCT-FFR was superior to CT anatomical, plaque morphology, and PCAT assessment to detect functionally significant stenoses in patients with severe AS.Clinical relevance statementCT-derived fractional flow reserve in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis may be a useful tool for non-invasive hemodynamic assessment of intermediate coronary lesions, while CT anatomical, plaque morphology, and peri-coronary adipose tissue assessment have no incremental or additional benefit. These findings might help to reduce pre-transcatheter aortic valve replacement invasive coronary angiogram.Key Points• Interpreting the hem...
Source: European Radiology - January 8, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Intra-patient variability of iodine quantification across different dual-energy CT platforms: assessment of normalization techniques
ConclusionsWe found tissue-specific intra-patient variability of IC across different DECT scanner types. Normalization mitigated variability by reducing physiological fluctuations in iodine distribution. After normalization, the scanner type still had a significant effect on iodine variability in the pancreas and liver.Clinical relevance statementDifferences in iodine quantification between dual-energy CT scanners can partly be mitigated by normalization, yet remain relevant for specific tissues and inter-scanner comparisons, which should be taken into account at clinical routine imaging.Key Points•Iodine concentrati...
Source: European Radiology - January 8, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Deep learning –based diagnostic models for bone lesions: is current research ready for clinical translation?
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - January 8, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
False lumen hemodynamics and partial thrombosis in chronic aortic dissection of the descending aorta
ConclusionIn patients with chronic descending aorta dissection, false lumen kinetic energy is related to the presence and extent of false lumen thrombus.Clinical relevance statementIn patients with chronic aortic dissection of the descending aorta, false lumen hemodynamic parameters are closely linked with the presence and extent of false lumen thrombosis, and these non-invasive measures might be important in patient management.Key Points• Partial false lumen thrombosis has been associated with aortic growth in patients with chronic descending aortic dissection; therefore, the identification of prothrombotic flow conditi...
Source: European Radiology - January 6, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Self-reported checklists and quality scoring tools in radiomics: a meta-research
ConclusionRadiomic publications often lack self-reported checklists or quality scoring tools. Even when such documents are provided, it is essential to be cautious, as the accuracy of the reported items or scores may be questionable.Clinical relevance statementCurrent state of radiomic literature reveals a notable absence of self-reporting with documentation and inaccurate reporting practices. This critical observation may serve as a catalyst for motivating the radiomics community to adopt and utilize such tools appropriately, thereby fostering rigor, transparency, and reproducibility of their research, moving the field fo...
Source: European Radiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Assessment of right ventricular diastolic function in pediatric patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot by cardiovascular magnetic resonance and echocardiography
ConclusionsCMR-derived parameters showed good agreement with TTE parameters in determining RV DD. CMR-derived E/e ′ was proved to be the most effective in identifying RV DD.Clinical relevance statementThis study demonstrated the feasibility and efficacy of CMR in assessing diastolic function in pediatric patients. RV DD was presented in over half of patients according to current TTE guidelines, highlighting the need for assessing RV diastolic function during follow-up.Key Points• Routinely acquired cine and phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) images yielded right ventricular (RV) diastolic parameters...
Source: European Radiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Preferential involvement of the pelvis and hips along with active sacroiliitis in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis: MRI of 97 patients from a single tertiary referral center
ConclusionPelvis and hips were preferentially involved in this cohort of CNO patients along with a marked presence of active sacroiliitis.Clinical relevance statementWhen suggestive findings of CNO are identified elsewhere in the body, the next targeted site of MRI should be the pelvis (entirely including sacroiliac joints) and hips, if whole-body MRI is not available or feasible.Key Points• Heavy reliance on MRI for diagnosis of CNO underscores the importance of suggestive distribution patterns.• Pelvis and hips are the most common (78%) sites of CNO involvement along with active sacroiliitis (72%).• Pelvis includin...
Source: European Radiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Harnessing the power of structured reporting in oncology: overcoming barriers through multidisciplinary collaboration and digital innovation
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Development and validation of a clinical decision support system based on PSA, microRNAs, and MRI for the detection of prostate cancer
ConclusionMRI stand-alone yielded the best prediction models for both PCa and csPCa detection in biopsy-na ïve patients. The use of miRNAs let-7a-5p and miR-103a-3p did not improve classification performances compared to MRI stand-alone results.Clinical relevance statementThe use of miRNA (let-7a-5p and miR-103a-3p), PSA, and MRI in a clinical decision support system (CDSS) does not improve MRI stand-alone performance in the detection of PCa and csPCa.Key Points•Clinical decision support systems including MRI improve the detection of both prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer with respect to PSA tes...
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Ultra-high-resolution photon-counting detector CT in evaluating coronary stent patency: a comparison to invasive coronary angiography
ConclusionsUHR PCD-CTA enables non-invasive assessment of coronary stent patency with high image quality and diagnostic accuracy.Clinical relevance statementUltra-high-resolution photon-counting detector CT angiography represents a reliable and non-invasive method for assessing coronary stent patency. Its high negative predictive value makes it a promising alternative over invasive coronary angiography for the rule-out of in-stent stenosis.Key Points• CT-based evaluation of coronary stent patency is limited by stent-induced artifacts and spatial resolution.• Ultra-high-resolution photon-counting detector CT accurately ...
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
