Deep learning –based diagnostic models for bone lesions: is current research ready for clinical translation?
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - January 8, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
False lumen hemodynamics and partial thrombosis in chronic aortic dissection of the descending aorta
ConclusionIn patients with chronic descending aorta dissection, false lumen kinetic energy is related to the presence and extent of false lumen thrombus.Clinical relevance statementIn patients with chronic aortic dissection of the descending aorta, false lumen hemodynamic parameters are closely linked with the presence and extent of false lumen thrombosis, and these non-invasive measures might be important in patient management.Key Points• Partial false lumen thrombosis has been associated with aortic growth in patients with chronic descending aortic dissection; therefore, the identification of prothrombotic flow conditi...
Source: European Radiology - January 6, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Self-reported checklists and quality scoring tools in radiomics: a meta-research
ConclusionRadiomic publications often lack self-reported checklists or quality scoring tools. Even when such documents are provided, it is essential to be cautious, as the accuracy of the reported items or scores may be questionable.Clinical relevance statementCurrent state of radiomic literature reveals a notable absence of self-reporting with documentation and inaccurate reporting practices. This critical observation may serve as a catalyst for motivating the radiomics community to adopt and utilize such tools appropriately, thereby fostering rigor, transparency, and reproducibility of their research, moving the field fo...
Source: European Radiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Assessment of right ventricular diastolic function in pediatric patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot by cardiovascular magnetic resonance and echocardiography
ConclusionsCMR-derived parameters showed good agreement with TTE parameters in determining RV DD. CMR-derived E/e ′ was proved to be the most effective in identifying RV DD.Clinical relevance statementThis study demonstrated the feasibility and efficacy of CMR in assessing diastolic function in pediatric patients. RV DD was presented in over half of patients according to current TTE guidelines, highlighting the need for assessing RV diastolic function during follow-up.Key Points• Routinely acquired cine and phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) images yielded right ventricular (RV) diastolic parameters...
Source: European Radiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Preferential involvement of the pelvis and hips along with active sacroiliitis in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis: MRI of 97 patients from a single tertiary referral center
ConclusionPelvis and hips were preferentially involved in this cohort of CNO patients along with a marked presence of active sacroiliitis.Clinical relevance statementWhen suggestive findings of CNO are identified elsewhere in the body, the next targeted site of MRI should be the pelvis (entirely including sacroiliac joints) and hips, if whole-body MRI is not available or feasible.Key Points• Heavy reliance on MRI for diagnosis of CNO underscores the importance of suggestive distribution patterns.• Pelvis and hips are the most common (78%) sites of CNO involvement along with active sacroiliitis (72%).• Pelvis includin...
Source: European Radiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Harnessing the power of structured reporting in oncology: overcoming barriers through multidisciplinary collaboration and digital innovation
(Source: European Radiology)
Source: European Radiology - January 5, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Development and validation of a clinical decision support system based on PSA, microRNAs, and MRI for the detection of prostate cancer
ConclusionMRI stand-alone yielded the best prediction models for both PCa and csPCa detection in biopsy-na ïve patients. The use of miRNAs let-7a-5p and miR-103a-3p did not improve classification performances compared to MRI stand-alone results.Clinical relevance statementThe use of miRNA (let-7a-5p and miR-103a-3p), PSA, and MRI in a clinical decision support system (CDSS) does not improve MRI stand-alone performance in the detection of PCa and csPCa.Key Points•Clinical decision support systems including MRI improve the detection of both prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer with respect to PSA tes...
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Ultra-high-resolution photon-counting detector CT in evaluating coronary stent patency: a comparison to invasive coronary angiography
ConclusionsUHR PCD-CTA enables non-invasive assessment of coronary stent patency with high image quality and diagnostic accuracy.Clinical relevance statementUltra-high-resolution photon-counting detector CT angiography represents a reliable and non-invasive method for assessing coronary stent patency. Its high negative predictive value makes it a promising alternative over invasive coronary angiography for the rule-out of in-stent stenosis.Key Points• CT-based evaluation of coronary stent patency is limited by stent-induced artifacts and spatial resolution.• Ultra-high-resolution photon-counting detector CT accurately ...
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Interval cancer in the C órdoba Breast Tomosynthesis Screening Trial (CBTST): comparison of digital breast tomosynthesis plus digital mammography to digital mammography alone
ConclusionsThe interval cancer rate was lower in women screened with DBT + DM compared to those screened with DM alone. These differences were more pronounced in women with dense breasts.Clinical relevance statementWomen screened using tomosynthesis and digital mammography had a lower rate of interval cancer than women screened with digital mammography, with the greatest difference in the interval cancer rate observed in women with dense breasts.Key Points•The interval cancer rate was lower in the study population (digital breast tomosynthesis [DBT] + digital mammography [DM]) than in the control population (DM)...
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Associations between atherosclerotic luminal stenosis in the distal internal carotid artery and diffuse wall thickening in its upstream segment
ConclusionsDWT of the petrous ICA is commonly detected in patients with atherosclerotic steno-occlusive disease in the distal ICA. The degree of stenosis in the distal ICA is associated with wall thickening and its longitudinal extent in the upstream segments.Clinical relevance statementDiffuse wall thickening is a common secondary change in atherosclerotic steno-occlusive disease in the intracranial carotid. This phenomenon constitutes a confounding factor in the distinction between atherosclerosis and inflammatory vasculopathies, and could be reversed after alleviated atherosclerotic stenosis.Key Points• Diffuse wall t...
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Feasibility study on the clinical application of CT-based synthetic brain T1-weighted MRI: comparison with conventional T1-weighted MRI
ConclusionThis study demonstrated the equivalence of CT-based sT1WI to conventional T1WI for quantitatively assessing brain morphology, thereby providing more information on imaging diagnosis with a single CT scan.Clinical relevance statementReal-time synthesis of MR images from CT scans reduces the time required to acquire MR signals, improving the efficiency of the treatment planning system and providing benefits in the clinical diagnosis of patients with contraindications such as presence of metal implants or claustrophobia.Key Points• Deep learning–based image synthesis methods generate synthetic T1-weighted imagin...
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Comparison of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tissue characterization parameters in white matter tracts of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)
ConclusionsPatients with MS and NMOSD show different patterns of microstructural damage in T2 lesion and NAWM areas. The prolonged disease course of MS may aggravate the microstructural damage, and the degree of microstructural damage is further related to cognitive impairment.Clinical relevance statementMicrostructure differences between T2 lesion areas and normal-appearing white matter help distinguish multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. In multiple sclerosis, lesions rather than normal-appearing white matter should be a concern, because the degree of lesion severity correlated both with normal...
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Effect of computed tomography vs. computed tomography perfusion on mechanical thrombectomy outcomes within 6 hours
ConclusionsCompared with plain CT, CTP does not provide additional benefits in the selection of patients suitable for MT within 6 h.Clinical relevance statementCT perfusion is not superior to plain CT for the prediction of clinical outcomes when selecting patients for mechanical thrombectomy in the first 6 h. In that clinical setting, plain CT may be safe in the absence of perfusion data.Key Points• The advantage of CT perfusion (CTP) over CT in pre-mechanical thrombectomy (MT) screening has not been proven for patients with a large infarct core.• CTP is not better than plain CT in predicting good outcome follo...
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
High-resolution MRI vessel wall enhancement in moyamoya disease: risk factors and clinical outcomes
ConclusionTheRNF213 p.R4810K variant is strongly associated with VWE and poor prognosis in MMD. HHcy and smoking are independent risk factors for VWE.Clinical relevance statementVessel wall enhancement in moyamoya disease is closely associated with poor prognosis, especially related to the ring finger protein 213 p.R4810K variant, hyperhomocysteinaemia, and smoking, providing crucial risk assessment information for the clinic.Key Points• The baseline presence of vessel wall enhancement is significantly associated with poor prognosis in moyamoya disease.• The ring finger protein 213 p.R4810K variant is strongly associat...
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
The influence of motion-compensated reconstruction on coronary artery analysis for a dual-layer detector CT system: a dynamic phantom study
ConclusionMCR may improve CCTA assessment in patients by reducing coronary artery motion artifacts, especially in those with elevated HR who cannot receive beta blockers or do not attain the targeted HR.Clinical relevance statementThis vendor-specific motion compensation reconstruction may improve coronary computed tomography angiography assessment in patients by reduction of coronary artery motion artifacts, especially in those with elevated various heart rates (HR) who cannot receive beta blockers or do not attain the targeted HR.Key Points• Motion artifacts are known to hinder the assessment of coronary arteries on co...
Source: European Radiology - January 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
