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Inhibition of BRD4 decreases fibrous scarring after ischemic stroke in rats by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Smad2/3
CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to indicate that inhibition of BRD4 delays fibrous scarring after ischemic stroke through mechanisms involving the phosphorylation of Smad2/3.PMID:36244457 | DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148126
Source: Brain Research - October 16, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Xuemei Li Huimin Zhu Jun Wen Jiagui Huang Yue Chen Mingfen Tian Jiangxia Ren Li Zhou Qin Yang Source Type: research

Peripherally delivered Adeno-associated viral vectors for spinal cord injury repair
In conclusion, in the future, minimally invasive administration of AAVs may improve recovery after SCI with minimal side effects.PMID:34896114 | DOI:10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113945
Source: Experimental Neurology - December 13, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Jared D Sydney-Smith Aline B Spejo Philippa M Warren Lawrence D F Moon Source Type: research

Treatment with AAV1-Rheb(S16H) provides neuroprotection in a mouse model of photothrombosis-induced ischemic stroke
We recently reported that upregulation of the constitutively active ras homolog enriched in brain [Rheb(S16H)], which induces the activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway, can protect adult neurons, mediated by the induction of neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. Here we show that neuronal transduction of Rheb(S16H) using adeno-associated virus serotype 1 provides neuroprotection in a mouse model of photothrombosis-induced ischemic stroke. Rheb(S16H)-expressing neurons exhibited neurotrophic effec...
Source: NeuroReport - August 13, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research

Canagliflozin Inhibits Human Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Tube Formation
In conclusion, the present study identified canagliflozin as a potent inhibitor of human EC proliferation. The anti-proliferative action of canagliflozin is observed in ECs isolated from both the venous and arterial circulation, and is partly due to the blockade of cyclin A expression. In addition, this study found that canagliflozin inhibits tube formation in cultured ECs and mouse aortic rings. Notably, these actions are specific for canagliflozin and not seen with other SGLT2 inhibitors. The ability of canagliflozin to exert these pleiotropic effects on EC function may contribute to both the adverse and salutary actions...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

TRIM9-Mediated Resolution of Neuroinflammation Confers Neuroprotection upon Ischemic Stroke in Mice
Publication date: 9 April 2019Source: Cell Reports, Volume 27, Issue 2Author(s): Jianxiong Zeng, Yaoming Wang, Zhifei Luo, Lin-Chun Chang, Ji Seung Yoo, Huan Yan, Younho Choi, Xiaochun Xie, Benjamin E. Deverman, Viviana Gradinaru, Stephanie L. Gupton, Berislav V. Zlokovic, Zhen Zhao, Jae U. JungSummaryExcessive and unresolved neuroinflammation is a key component of the pathological cascade in brain injuries such as ischemic stroke. Here, we report that TRIM9, a brain-specific tripartite motif (TRIM) protein, was highly expressed in the peri-infarct areas shortly after ischemic insults in mice, but expression was decreased ...
Source: Cell Reports - April 10, 2019 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

A Review of Mathematical Models for Muscular Dystrophy: A Systems Biology Approach
Discussion With new developments in computational power and data availability, a growing amount of research is using a systems biology approach to understand pathogenesis and progression of disease. Effective and integrated in vitro and in silico models could inform biological phenomena, even without the need of a living subject. For instance, over the last few decades, collagen hydrogel with muscle derived cells (CHMDCs) have promised to revolutionize in vitro experiments and tissue engineering. For CHMDCs to reach the envisioned use, verification by use of mathematical simulations are needed. Recently while examining sha...
Source: PLOS Currents Muscular Dystrophy - February 16, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Matthew Houston Source Type: research

ADAMTS13 controls vascular remodeling by modifying VWF reactivity during stroke recovery
Angiogenic response is essential for ischemic brain repair. The von Willebrand factor (VWF)–cleaving protease disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) is required for endothelial tube formation in vitro, but there is currently no in vivo evidence supporting a function of ADAMTS13 in angiogenesis. Here we show that mice deficient in ADAMTS13 exhibited reduced neovascularization, brain capillary perfusion, pericyte and smooth muscle cell coverage on microvessels, expression of the tight junction and basement membrane proteins, and accelerated blood-brain barrier (BBB) break...
Source: Blood - July 6, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Xu, H., Cao, Y., Yang, X., Cai, P., Kang, L., Zhu, X., Luo, H., Lu, L., Wei, L., Bai, X., Zhu, Y., Zhao, B.-Q., Fan, W. Tags: Plenary Papers, Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Vascular Biology Source Type: research

Stem Cell Factor Gene Transfer Improves Cardiac Function After Myocardial Infarction in Swine Original Articles
Conclusions— Local overexpression of SCF post-MI induces the recruitment of c-kit+ cells at the infarct border area acutely. In the chronic stages, SCF gene transfer was associated with improved cardiac function in a preclinical model of ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Source: Circulation: Heart Failure - January 20, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ishikawa, K., Fish, K., Aguero, J., Yaniz-Galende, E., Jeong, D., Kho, C., Tilemann, L., Fish, L., Liang, L., Eltoukhy, A. A., Anderson, D. G., Zsebo, K., Costa, K. D., Hajjar, R. J. Tags: Angiogenesis, Myogenesis, Other Treatment, Acute myocardial infarction Original Articles Source Type: research