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IJERPH, Vol. 17, Pages 6688: Neurological Complications of COVID-19 and Possible Neuroinvasion Pathways: A Systematic Review
Gemignani The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has shocked the whole world with its unexpected rapid spread. The virus responsible for the disease, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), enters host cells by means of the envelope spike protein, which binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors. These receptors are highly expressed in heart, lungs, respiratory tract epithelium, endothelial cells and brain. Since an increasing body of significant evidence is highlighting a possible neuroinvasion related to SARS-CoV-2, a state of the art on the neurological complications is n...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - September 13, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Graziella Orr ù Ciro Conversano Eleonora Malloggi Francesca Francesconi Rebecca Ciacchini Angelo Gemignani Tags: Review Source Type: research

Characteristics of a Diverse Cohort of Stroke Patients with SARS-CoV-2 and Outcome by Sex
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), usually presents as a respiratory illness. Neurological manifestations can be seen in 36.4% of patients.1 Patients with vascular risk factors (VRFs), including history of stroke, tend to have worse prognosis.2 COVID-19 triggers a robust inflammatory response which leads to hypercoagulability and thromboembolism.3 Reports of stroke in patients with COVID-19 are mostly limited to small case series or case reports of ischemic stroke (IS), though intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) have also been reported.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 10, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: G. Trifan, F.D. Goldenberg, F.C. Caprio, J. Biller, M. Schneck, A. Khaja, T. Terna, J. Brorson, C. Lazaridis, Z. Bulwa, R. Alvarado-Dyer, F.G. Saleh-Velez, S. Prabhakaran, E.M. Liotta, A. Batra, N.J. Reish, S. Ruland, M. Teitcher, W. Taylor, P. De la Pena Source Type: research

ECMO support in SARS-CoV2 multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in a child.
In this report, we describe the case of a 5-year-old male with SARS-CoV-2 associated MIS-C with progressive respiratory failure and vasoplegic shock requiring extracorporeal support. At presentation, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for SARS-CoV-2 was negative, however, SARS-CoV2 antibody testing was positive. Multiple inflammatory markers and cardiac biomarkers were elevated. Echocardiogram demonstrated mildly depressed left ventricular function and no coronary anomalies noted. The patient required mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, and eventually extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECM...
Source: Perfusion - September 8, 2020 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Kaushik S, Ahluwalia N, Gangadharan S, Esperenza M, Murthy R, Ofori-Amanfo G, Aydin SI Tags: Perfusion Source Type: research

Anticoagulation use and Hemorrhagic Stroke in SARS-CoV-2 Patients Treated at a New York Healthcare System
ConclusionWe observed an overall low rate of imaging-confirmed hemorrhagic stroke among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Most hemorrhages in patients with COVID-19 infection occurred in the setting of therapeutic anticoagulation and were associated with increased mortality. Further studies are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of therapeutic anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19.
Source: Neurocritical Care - August 23, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

COVID-19 Neurologic Complication with CNS Vasculitis-Like Pattern ADULT BRAIN
We report a unique neurologic complication of COVID-19 in a patient who had extensive cerebral small-vessel ischemic lesions resembling cerebral vasculitis in a characteristic combined imaging pattern of ischemia, hemorrhage, and punctuate postcontrast enhancement. Also, a characteristic lower extremity skin rash was present in our patient. Our observation lends support to the increasingly suspected mechanism of "endotheliitis" associated with this novel coronavirus.
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - August 11, 2020 Category: Radiology Authors: Hanafi, R., Roger, P.- A., Perin, B., Kuchcinski, G., Deleval, N., Dallery, F., Michel, D., Hacein-Bey, L., Pruvo, J.- P., Outteryck, O., Constans, J.- M. Tags: ADULT BRAIN Source Type: research

Use of a Novel Negative-Pressure Tent During Bedside Tracheostomy in COVID-19 Patients
ConclusionsIt is feasible to perform PDT on intubated COVID-19 patients using the AerosolVE negative-pressure tent. This is a promising low-cost device to decrease risk to healthcare providers during AGPs.
Source: Neurocritical Care - August 6, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Decline of emergency admissions for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events after the outbreak of COVID-19
ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a significant decrease in all-cause admission and admissions due to cardiovascular events in the emergency department. Regarding acute cerebrovascular events there was a numerical decrease but no significant difference.
Source: Clinical Research in Cardiology - August 3, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis in a patient with Covid-19
Covid-19 has significant implications of hematologic systems, including lymphocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, pulmonary thromboembolism, and myocardial infarction [1,2]. Iwasaki et al. reported that the pathogen of Covid-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), can induce immune dysfunction, inflammation, and antibody-dependent enhancement by activating host cells via the Fc γIIa receptor in the same way as SARS-CoV-1 [3].
Source: Thrombosis Research - August 2, 2020 Category: Hematology Authors: Ching-Tai Huang, Shao-Yun Hsu, Ko-Wei Chang, Chung-Guei Huang, Cheng-Ta Yang, Ming-Huei Cheng Tags: Letter to the Editors-in-Chief Source Type: research

Neurological complications of COVID-19: a systematic review.
CONCLUSIONS: Considering the possibility of neurological involvement in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection can result in earlier diagnosis and treatment; otherwise permanent, irreversible sequelae and even death may follow. More comprehensive studies may indicate that until the end of the present pandemic, young adults with unexplained and unexpected stroke as well as patients with newly diagnosed Guillain-Barré syndrome should be tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection. PMID: 32698732 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurological Research - July 25, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Hemorrhagic stroke in hispanics with severe SARS-CoV2 infection
An increasing body of evidence suggests that the coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV2) may be associated with cerebrovascular disease, although most cases have been ischemic strokes related to occlusion of major intracranial vessels [1 –3]. Intracranial hemorrhages in the setting of SARS-CoV2 infection are exceedingly rare. To the best of our knowledge, only two cases has been reported in detail, one with a massive parenchymal brain hemorrhage and the other with an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage [4,5].
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - July 14, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: P.R. Castillo, O.H. Del Brutto, H. Mautong, M. Garc ía, M. Tovar, E.H. Middlebrooks, E. Bologna Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular disease in patients with COVID-19: neuroimaging, histological and clinical description
We describe pathological and radiological data consistent with thrombotic microangiopathy caused by endotheliopathy with a haemorrhagic predisposition.
Source: Brain - July 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

COVID-19 and Stroke: Casual or Causal Role?
We present a case of stroke in a 62-year-old COVID-19-positive patient, with multiple vascular risk factors. The patient arrived 1 h after onset of symptoms, was treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) with improvement of neurologic deficits, and later developed right foot arterial ischemia (recanalized by balloon catheter angioplasty) and left arm superficial venous thrombosis. A control computed tomography (CT) scan 7 days after onset showed hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic lesion without mass effect. However, respiratory and neurologic conditions improved so that the patient was discharged to ...
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 7, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Spectrum of Neurological Manifestations in Covid-19: A Review
Ravindra K GargNeurology India 2020 68(3):560-572 COVID-19, in most patients, presents with mild flu-like illness. Elderly patients with comorbidities, like hypertension, diabetes, or lung and cardiac disease, are more likely to have severe disease and deaths. Neurological complications are frequently reported in severely or critically ill patients with comorbidities. In COVID-19, both central and peripheral nervous systems can be affected. The SARS-CoV-2 virus causes the disease COVID-19 and has the potential to invade the brain. The SARS-CoV-2 virus enters the brain either via a hematogenous route or olfactory system. A...
Source: Neurology India - July 5, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Ravindra K Garg Source Type: research

Bilateral posterior infarction in a SARS-Cov-2 infected patient: discussion about an unusual case
We present a case of bilateral occipito-temporal infarction revealed by a sudden cortical blindness with haemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis in a diabetic patient infected by Covid-19. Differential diagnoses are discussed in front of this unusual presentation and evolution.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - June 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Claire Bonardel, Mathieu Bonnerot, Marie Ludwig, Wilfried Vadot, Gaspard Beaune, Bruno Chanzy, Lucie Cornut, H élène Baysson, Magali Farines, Isabelle Combes, Gabriel Macheda, Fabrice Bing Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Bilateral posterior cerebral artery territory infarction in a SARS-Cov-2 infected patient: discussion about an unusual case
We present a case of bilateral occipito-temporal infarction revealed by a sudden cortical blindness with haemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis in a diabetic patient infected by Covid-19. Differential diagnoses are discussed in front of this unusual presentation and evolution.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - June 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Claire Bonardel, Mathieu Bonnerot, Marie Ludwig, Wilfried Vadot, Gaspard Beaune, Bruno Chanzy, Lucie Cornut, H élène Baysson, Magali Farines, Isabelle Combes, Gabriel Macheda, Fabrice Bing Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

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