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Comorbidity status of deceased COVID-19 in-patients in Italy
CONCLUSION: In those deceased in-hospital due to COVID-19 in Italy, disease combinations defined by multiple cardio-respiratory, metabolic, and neuropsychiatric diseases occur more frequently than expected. This finding indicates a need to investigate the possible role of these clinical profiles in the chain of events that lead to death in individuals who have contracted SARS-CoV-2.PMID:34169447 | DOI:10.1007/s40520-021-01914-y
Source: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research - June 25, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Davide Liborio Vetrano Clare Tazzeo Luigi Palmieri Alessandra Marengoni Alberto Zucchelli Cinzia Lo Noce Graziano Onder Italian National Institute of Health Covid-Mortality Group Source Type: research

Temporal proteomic changes induced by nicotine in human cells: A quantitative proteomics approach
J Proteomics. 2021 Apr 22:104244. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104244. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNicotine is a prominent active compound in tobacco and many smoking cessation products. Some of the biological effects of nicotine are well documented in in vitro and in vivo systems; however, nominal data are available concerning the time-dependent changes on protein and phosphorylation events in response to nicotine. Here, we profiled the proteomes of SH-SY5Y and A549 cell lines subjected to acute (15 min, 1 h and 4 h) or chronic (24 h, 48 h) nicotine exposures. We used sample multiplexing (TMTpro16) and quantified more than...
Source: Journal of Proteomics - April 25, 2021 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jos é Navarrete-Perea Steven P Gygi Joao A Paulo Source Type: research

Pneumonia in older adults
Purpose of review The purpose of this review is to address the relevant issues surrounding older adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) today. Recent findings Approximately 1 million people>65 years have CAP in the US per year, which is more than previously reported (or realized). Older adults are vulnerable to the increasing prevalence of viral CAP, as the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic emphasizes, but pneumococcus is still the most common pathogen to cause CAP. Racial disparities continue to need to be addressed in order to improve early and late outcomes of older adults with CAP. Summary The epidemiolog...
Source: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases - March 11, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS: Edited by Michael S. Niederman Source Type: research

Neurological Complications of the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Have We Got So Far?
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1321:21-31. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-59261-5_2.ABSTRACTThe recently emerged coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causal agent of COVID-19, is the newest threat to human health. It has already infected more than 54.5 million people worldwide, currently leading to more than 1.3 million deaths. Although it causes a mild flu-like disease in most patients, lethality may increase to more than 20% in elderly subjects, especially in those with comorbidities, like hypertension, diabetes, or lung and cardiac disease, and the mechanisms are still elusive. Common symp...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - March 3, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Isabelle Pastor Bandeira Marco Ant ônio Machado Schlindwein Leticia Caroline Breis Jean Pierre Schatzmann Peron Marcus Vin ícius Magno Gonçalves Source Type: research

Excess mortality due to COVID-19 in Germany
SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted by droplets and likely aerosols. The median incubation period is about 5-6 days (range 1-14 days)1 and the median age at confirmed infection in Germany is 49 years. Typical symptoms include fever, cough, anosmia, ageusia, and pneumonia. The mortality rate of COVID-19 is higher among elderly and among ethnicities other than Caucasians. Furthermore, a markedly higher mortality rate has been observed for several comorbidities including obesity class II (BMI 35 •0-39•9 kg/m2) and III (BMI 40•0+ kg/m2), uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, malignancies in the previous year, severely reduced glomerular...
Source: Journal of Infection - September 17, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Andreas Stang, Fabian Standl, Bernd Kowall, Bastian Brune, Juliane B öttcher, Marcus Brinkmann, Ulf Dittmer, Karl-Heinz Jöckel Source Type: research

Etiologic Subtypes of Ischemic Stroke in SARS-CoV-2 Patients in a Cohort of New York City Hospitals
Conclusion: COVID-19-related ischemic events can present as small vessel occlusions, branch emboli or large vessel occlusions. The most common etiology is cryptogenic. Patients with LVO syndromes tend to be younger, male and may have elevated acute inflammatory markers.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - September 16, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The potential role of microvascular pathology in the neurological manifestations of coronavirus infection
We present the hypothesis that pre-existing vascular damage (due to aging, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension or other conditions) facilitates infiltration of the virus into the central nervous system (CNS), increasing neuro-inflammation and the likelihood o f neurological symptoms. We also discuss the role of a neuroinflammatory cytokine profile in both blood–brain barrier dysfunction and macrovascular disease (e.g. ischemic stroke and thromboembolism). Future studies are needed to better understand the involvement of the microvasculature in coronavi rus neuropathology, and to test the diagnostic potential o...
Source: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS - September 9, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Intraluminal Carotid Artery Thrombus in COVID-19: Another Danger of Cytokine Storm? EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR
We report a series of 6 patients with COVID-19 with acute ischemic stroke due to intraluminal carotid artery thrombus presenting during an 8-day period. Six patients were included (5 men) with a mean age of 65.8 years (range, 55–78 years). COVID-19 was diagnosed by detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 in 5 patients and was presumed due to typical clinical and imaging findings in 1 patient. All patients had vascular risk factors including diabetes (83%), hyperlipidemia (100%), and smoking (17%). Four patients presented with large infarcts with initial NIHSS scores of 24–30. During their h...
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - September 8, 2020 Category: Radiology Authors: Mohamud, A. Y., Griffith, B., Rehman, M., Miller, D., Chebl, A., Patel, S. C., Howell, B., Kole, M., Marin, H. Tags: EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR Source Type: research

Coagulopathy and thromboembolic events in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: pathogenesis and management strategies
AbstractIn October 2019, a viral infectious disease appeared in the city of Wuhan in China. A new betacoronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has been recognized as the responsible pathogen in this infection. Although coronavirus disease is principally expressed as a pulmonary infection, critical SARS-CoV-2 infection is frequently complicated with coagulopathy, and thromboembolic events are recognizable in several patients. Dehydration, acute inflammatory condition, protracted immobilization during disease, existence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, obesity or hypertension, previous coronary artery disease, ische...
Source: Annals of Hematology - August 13, 2020 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

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