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Source: Molecular Neurobiology
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Total 278 results found since Jan 2013.
Therapeutic Potentials of MicroRNA-126 in Cerebral Ischemia
AbstractStroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. It is among the most common neurological disorders with an 8 –10% lifetime risk. Ischemic stroke accounts for about 85% of all strokes and damages the brain tissue via various damaging mechanisms. Following cerebral ischemia, the disrupted blood–brain barrier (BBB) leads to cerebral edema formation caused by activation of oxidative stress, inflammation, a nd apoptosis, targeting primarily endothelial cells. Activation of the protective mechanisms might favor fewer damages to the neural tissue. MicroRNA (miR)-126 is an endothelial cell-specific miR inv...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 4, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
An Updated Review of Mitochondrial Transplantation as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy Against Cerebral Ischemia and Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
AbstractRegardless of the progress made in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, it remains a leading cause of adult disability and death. To date, the most effective treatment for ischemic stroke is the timely recanalization of the occluded artery. However, the short time window and reperfusion injury have greatly limited its application and efficacy. Mitochondrial dysfunction and ATP depletion have become regarded as being hallmarks of neuropathophysiology following ischemic stroke. Mitochondrial transplantation is a novel potential therapeutic intervention for ischemic stroke that has sparked widespread concern during th...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
BMSC-Derived Exosomal Egr2 Ameliorates Ischemic Stroke by Directly Upregulating SIRT6 to Suppress Notch Signaling
AbstractExosomes generated by BMSCs contribute to functional recovery in ischemic stroke. However, the regulatory mechanism is largely unknown. Exosomes were isolated from BMSCs. Tube formation, MTT, TUNEL, and flow cytometry assays were applied to examine cell angiogenesis, viability, and apoptosis. Protein and DNA interaction was evaluated by ChIP and luciferase assays. LDH release into the culture medium was examined. Infarction area was evaluated by TTC staining. Immunofluorescence staining was applied to examine CD31 expression. A mouse model of MCAO/R was established. BMSC-derived exosomes attenuated neuronal cell da...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - December 17, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
SATB1/SLC7A11/HO-1 Axis Ameliorates Ferroptosis in Neuron Cells After Ischemic Stroke by Danhong Injection
AbstractNeuronal damage after ischemic stroke (IS) is frequently due to ferroptosis, contributing significantly to ischemic injury. However, the mechanism against ferroptosis in IS remained unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential mechanism of Danhong injection (DHI) and the critical transcription factor SATB1 in preventing neuronal ferroptosis after ischemic stroke in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that DHI treatment significantly reduced the infarct area and associated damage in the brains of the pMCAO mice, and enhanced the viability of OGD-injured neurons. And several characteristic indica...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - December 17, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation Regulates MCT1-PPA-PTEN-LONP1 Signaling to Confer Neuroprotection After Rat Cerebral Ischemia –Reperfusion Injury
This study supports a potential application of tDCS in ischemic stroke.
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - December 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Silencing of Long Noncoding RNA GAS5 Blocks Experimental Cerebral Ischemia –Reperfusion Injury by Restraining AQP4 Expression via the miR-1192/STAT5A Axis
This study aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of the lncRNA GAS5 on STAT5A in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. First, GAS5 and STAT5A levels in the blood of patients with stroke were determined. Then, a middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion rat model was established in which short hairpin RNAs targeting GAS5 or STAT5A were intracranially injected, followed by the assessment of neurological function, cerebral injury and water content, and inflammation. Primary rat astrocytes were induced with oxygen –glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), and cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammati...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - October 29, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neuroprotective Effects of a Cardioplegic Combination (Adenosine, Lidocaine, and Magnesium) in an Ischemic Stroke Model
We examined the effects of low-dose ALM on ischemic stroke in cell and animal models. Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) –treated SH-SY5Y cells were used as a surrogate model to mimic oxygen–glucose deprivation conditions. The cells were incubated with different dilutions of ALM authentic solution (1.0 mM adenosine, 2.0 mM lidocaine, and5 mM MgSO4 in Earle’s balanced salt solution). At a concentration of 2.5%, ALM significantly reduced CoCl2-induced cell loss. This protective effect persisted even when ALM was administered 1 h after the insult. We used transient middle cerebral artery occlusion to investigate the therapeuti...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - October 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Investigation of Mitochondrial Related Variants in a Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Cohort
AbstractMonogenic forms of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) can be caused by both variants in nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is known to have a phenotype similar to Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Sub-cortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), and can be caused by variants in the mitochondrial genome and in several nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein (NEMP) genes. The aim of this study was to screen for variants in the mitochondrial genome and NEMP genes in aNOTCH3-negative CADASIL cohort, to identify a...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - August 25, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Astrocyte-Derived TNF- α-Activated Platelets Promote Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating the RIP1/RIP3/AKT Signaling Pathway
In this study, we created an I/R mouse model via middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) and analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of the ipsilateral and contralateral cortices using RNA-seq. We found that cerebral I/R injury induced platelet invasion and accumulation in the cerebral cortex by stimulating TNF- α secretion from activated astrocytes in the ischemic region, while TNF-α expression enhanced platelet reactivity through the RIP1/RIP3/AKT pathway. Furthermore, the inoculation of TNF-α-stimulated platelets aggravated I/R injury in mice, whereas the administration of anti-TNF-α antibodies at th ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - August 25, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Investigation of Mitochondrial Related Variants in a Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Cohort
AbstractMonogenic forms of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) can be caused by both variants in nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is known to have a phenotype similar to Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Sub-cortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), and can be caused by variants in the mitochondrial genome and in several nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein (NEMP) genes. The aim of this study was to screen for variants in the mitochondrial genome and NEMP genes in aNOTCH3-negative CADASIL cohort, to identify a...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - August 23, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
miR-383-5p Regulated by the Transcription Factor CTCF Affects Neuronal Impairment in Cerebral Ischemia by Mediating Deacetylase HDAC9 Activity
AbstractStroke, the leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, is caused by the blockage or hemorage of cerebral arteries. The resultant cerebral ischemia causes local neuronal death and brain injury. Histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) has been reported to be elevated in ischemic brain injury, but its mechanism in stroke is still enigmatic. The present study aimed to unveil the manner of regulation of HDAC9 expression and the effect of HDAC9 activation on neuronal function in cerebral ischemia. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) targeting HDAC9 were predicted utilizing bioinformatics analysis. We then constructed the oxygen glucose depri...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - August 4, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Paracrine Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Ischemic Stroke: Opportunities and Challenges
AbstractIt is well acknowledged that neuroprotective effects of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in ischemic stroke are attributed to their paracrine-mediated actions or bystander effects rather than to cell replacement in infarcted areas. This therapeutic plasticity is due to MSCs ’ ability to secrete a broad range of bioactive molecules including growth factors, trophic factors, cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles, overall known as the secretome. The secretome derivatives, such as conditioned medium (CM) or purified extracellular vesicles (EVs), exert remarka ble advantages over MSC transplantat...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - August 3, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Key Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Detection of Neurodegenerative Diseases-Associated Biomarkers: A Review
AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including chronic disease such as Alzheimer ’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, and acute diseases like traumatic brain injury and ischemic stroke are characterized by progressive degeneration, brain tissue damage and loss of neurons, accompanied by behavioral and cognitive dysfunctions. So far , there are no complete cures for NDs; thus, early and timely diagnoses are essential and beneficial to patients’ treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become one of the advanced medical imaging techniques widely used in the clinic...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - July 12, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Correction to: Neuroprotective Effect of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase RNF8 Against Ischemic Stroke via HDAC2 Stability Reduction and Reelin-Dependent GSK3 β Inhibition
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - July 5, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
