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Source: Molecular Neurobiology
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Total 278 results found since Jan 2013.
Astrocyte-Derived TNF- α-Activated Platelets Promote Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating the RIP1/RIP3/AKT Signaling Pathway
In this study, we created an I/R mouse model via middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) and analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of the ipsilateral and contralateral cortices using RNA-seq. We found that cerebral I/R injury induced platelet invasion and accumulation in the cerebral cortex by stimulating TNF- α secretion from activated astrocytes in the ischemic region, while TNF-α expression enhanced platelet reactivity through the RIP1/RIP3/AKT pathway. Furthermore, the inoculation of TNF-α-stimulated platelets aggravated I/R injury in mice, whereas the administration of anti-TNF-α antibodies at th ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - July 4, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Direct AT2R Stimulation Slows Post-stroke Cognitive Decline in the 5XFAD Alzheimer ’s Disease Mice
AbstractAlzheimer ’s disease (AD), currently the single leading cause of death still on the rise, almost always coexists alongside vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). In fact, the ischemic disease affects up to 90% of AD patients, with strokes and major infarctions representing over a third of vascular lesions. St udies also confirmed that amyloid plaques, typical of AD, are much more likely to cause dementia if strokes or cerebrovascular damage also exist, leading to the term “mixed pathology” cognitive impairment. Although its incidence is expected to grow, there are no satisfactory treatments. There is hence an u...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - June 5, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Adenylyltransferase 1 Regulates Cerebral Ischemia –Induced Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption Through NAD+/SIRT1 Signaling Pathway
In conclusion, these findings indicate that rh-NMNAT1 protects BBB integrity after cerebral ischemia via the NAD+/SIRT1 signaling pathway in brain microvascular endothelial cells. NMNAT1 may be a novel potential therapeutic target for reducing BBB disruption after ischemic stroke.
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - June 3, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Recent Synergy of Nanodiamonds: Role in Brain-Targeted Drug Delivery for the Management of Neurological Disorders
AbstractThe aim of the present review article is to summarize the role of nanodiamonds in various neurological diseases. We have taken related literature of making this review article from ScienceDirect, springer, Research gate, PubMed, Sci-finder, etc. The current approaches for treating neurological conditions such as glioblastoma includes chemotherapy or combination anti-retro viral therapy for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) or use of anti-Alzheimer drugs during cognitive impairment. These approaches can provide only symptomatic relief as they do not target the cause of the disease due to their inability to penetrat...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 27, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neuroprotective Effect of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase RNF8 Against Ischemic Stroke via HDAC2 Stability Reduction and Reelin-Dependent GSK3 β Inhibition
AbstractLoss of E3 ubiquitin ligase RING finger protein 8 (RNF8) may lead to neuronal DNA damage and apoptosis. In order to expand on our knowledge on the mechanistic basis underlying neuronal death in ischemic stroke, the present study sought to investigate the potential role of E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8 on ischemic stroke and explore the underlying downstream mechanism. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in mice and oxygen –glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in neurons were induced to simulate an ischemic stroke environment. It was found that downregulation of RNF8 and Reelin occurred in MCAO mice and OGD/R-...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 27, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neurogenesis and Proliferation of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Conferred by Artesunate via FOXO3a/p27Kip1 Axis in Mouse Stroke Model
This study aimed to investigate the effects of ART treatment on neurogenesis and proliferation of NSPCs using a rodent MCAO model. MRI results indicated that the ischemic brain volume of MCAO mice was reduced by ART treatment. The results of diffusion tensor imaging, electron microscopic, and immunofluorescence of Tuj-1 also revealed that ischemia-induced white matter lesion was alleviated by ART treatment. After ischemia/reperfusion, the proportion of Brdu + endogenous NSPCs in the ipsilateral subv entricular zone and peri-infarct cortex was increased by ART treatment. Furthermore, the neuro-restorative effects of ART...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 21, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Effect of TDP43-CTFs35 on Brain Endothelial Cell Functions in Cerebral Ischemic Injury
This study provides new insights into the mechanisms of brain vascular EC regulation, which may impact on BBB integrity after cerebral ischemic injury.
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 18, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Beta-Boswellic Acid Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via the Protein Kinase C Epsilon/Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-like 2/Heme Oxygenase-1 Pathway
This study demonstrates that β-BA exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral I/R via the activation of the PRKCE/NFE2L2/HMOX1 pathway and is a potentia l therapeutic candidate for ischemic stroke.Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 3, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Imeglimin Is Neuroprotective Against Ischemic Brain Injury in Rats —a Study Evaluating Neuroinflammation and Mitochondrial Functions
This study demonstrates that post-stroke treatment with imeglimin exerts neuroprotec tive effects by reducing infarct size and neuronal loss possibly via the resolution of neuroinflammation and partly via inhibition of mPTP opening in neurons and astrocytes.Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
GLP-1R Agonist Exendin-4 Protects Against Hemorrhagic Transformation Induced by rtPA After Ischemic Stroke via the Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
AbstractTissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is recommended by the FDA to dissolve intravascular clots after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, it may contribute to hemorrhagic transformation (HT). The Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in regulating the blood–brain barrier (BBB) formation in the central nervous system. We explored whether glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist exendin-4 (EX-4) reduces the risk of HT after rtPA treatment via the Wnt/β-catenin pathwa y by using a rat transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) modelin vivo and an oxygen –glucose deprivation plus...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 31, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
circDlgap4 Alleviates Cerebral Ischaemic Injury by Binding to AUF1 to Suppress Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation
AbstractIschaemic stroke is one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity.circDlgap4 has been implicated in ischemia/reperfusion injury through an unknown mechanism. Here, we studied the function of circDlgap4/AUF1 in ischaemic stroke and its underlying molecular mechanism. N2a cells and primary mouse cortical neurons were subjected to OGD to mimic neuronal injury during ischemia. BV-2 cells were treated with LPS to mimic neuroinflammation. The MTT assay was used to assess cell viability, while flow cytometry was used to measure cell apoptosis. qRT –PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunostaini...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 16, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Mitochondrial Quality and Quantity Control: Mitophagy Is a Potential Therapeutic Target for Ischemic Stroke
AbstractIschemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease with high mortality and disability, which seriously affects the health and lives of people around the world. Effective treatment for ischemic stroke has been limited by its complex pathological mechanisms. Increasing evidence has indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction plays an essential role in the occurrence, development, and pathological processes of ischemic stroke. Therefore, strict control of the quality and quantity of mitochondria via mitochondrial fission and fusion as well as mitophagy is beneficial to the survival and normal function maintenance of neurons. U...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 9, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Interleukin-13 Affects the Recovery Processes in a Mouse Model of Hemorrhagic Stroke with Bilateral Tibial Fracture
AbstractAs one form of stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a fatal cerebrovascular disease, which has high morbidity and mortality and lacks effective medical treatment. Increased infiltration of inflammatory cytokines coupled with pyroptotic cell death is involved in the pathophysiological process of ICH. However, little is known about whether concomitant fracture patients have the same progression of inflammation and pyroptosis. Hence, we respectively established the mouse ICH model and ICH with bilateral tibial fracture model (MI) to explore the potential cross-talk between the above two injuries. We found that MI...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 8, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
