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Meta-Analysis of Dyslipidemia Management for the Prevention of Ischemic Stroke Recurrence in China
Conclusions: Effective lipid-lowering therapy could decrease the blood LDL-C level, which had a protective effect against stroke recurrence. These results support the use of predicted baseline cerebrovascular disease risk equations to inform decisions regarding blood lipid-lowering treatment in ischemic stroke patients in China.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - November 19, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

NAMPT as a Dedifferentiation-Inducer Gene: NAD+ as Core Axis for Glioma Cancer Stem-Like Cells Maintenance
Conclusion and Perspectives Gliomas are the most prevalent primary brain cancer in adults and include a broad category of tumors including astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and GBM. Regardless of tumor aggressiveness, malignancy, and infiltration, these glia-derived tumors rarely exceed a median survival time of 12–14 months. Driven by the infiltrative nature of these tumors, the clinical approach is difficult and relapses often occur with fatal consequences. These unsuccessful attempts to control glioma's fate have fostered research looking for more effective therapies. (GSCs) are a small subset of CD133&#...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - May 2, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

2017 Taiwan lipid guidelines for high risk patients
Publication date: Available online 24 February 2017 Source:Journal of the Formosan Medical Association Author(s): Yi-Heng Li, Kwo-Chang Ueng, Jiann-Shing Jeng, Min-Ji Charng, Tsung-Hsien Lin, Kuo-Liong Chien, Chih-Yuan Wang, Ting-Hsing Chao, Ping-Yen Liu, Cheng-Huang Su, Shih-Chieh Chien, Chia-Wei Liou, Sung-Chun Tang, Chun-Chuan Lee, Tse-Ya Yu, Jaw-Wen Chen, Chau-Chung Wu, Hung-I Yeh In Taiwan, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia increased due to lifestyle and dietary habit changes. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) are all significant predicting factors of ...
Source: Journal of the Formosan Medical Association - February 24, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

2017 Taiwan lipid guidelines for high risk patients.
Abstract In Taiwan, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia increased due to lifestyle and dietary habit changes. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) are all significant predicting factors of coronary artery disease in Taiwan. We recognized that lipid control is especially important in patients with existed atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), including coronary artery disease (CAD), ischemic stroke and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Because the risk of ASCVD is high in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and f...
Source: J Formos Med Assoc - February 23, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Li YH, Ueng KC, Jeng JS, Charng MJ, Lin TH, Chien KL, Wang CY, Chao TH, Liu PY, Su CH, Chien SC, Liou CW, Tang SC, Lee CC, Yu TY, Chen JW, Wu CC, Yeh HI, Writing Group of 2017 Taiwan Lipid Guidelines for High Risk Patients Tags: J Formos Med Assoc Source Type: research

Lp(a) and cardiovascular risk: investigating the hidden side of the moon
Conclusions Lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) seems to significantly influence the risk of cardiovascular events. The effects of statins and fibrates on Lp(a) are limited and extremely variable. Nicotinic acid was shown effective in reducing Lp(a) but, due to its side effects and serious adverse events during clinical trials, it is no longer considered a possible option for treatment. To date, the treatment of choice for high levels of Lp(a) in high CV risk patients is represented by LDL-Apheresis. Thanks to innovative technologies, new selectively inhibiting LPA drugs are being developed and tested.
Source: Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases - July 13, 2016 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

Chromosomal damage and micronucleus induction by MP-124, a novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitor: Evidence for a non-DNA-reactive mode of action
Publication date: April 2015 Source:Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, Volume 782 Author(s): Eiji Yamamura , Shigeharu Muto , Katsuya Yamada , Yuko Sato , Yumiko Iwase , Yoshifumi Uno MP-124, a novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitor that competes with the binding of the PARP substrate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), is being developed as a neuroprotective agent against acute ischemic stroke. MP-124 increased structural chromosomal aberration in CHL/IU cells, but showed negative results in the bacterial reverse mutation test, and the rat bone marrow micronucleus (M...
Source: Mutation Research Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis - April 10, 2015 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Looking into the Crystal Ball--Upcoming Drugs for Dyslipidemia
Dyslipidaemia is a critical risk factor for the development of cardiovascular complications such as ischemic heart disease and stroke. Although statins are effective anti-dyslipidemic drugs, their usage is fraught with issues such as failure of adequate lipid control in 30% of cases and intolerance in select patients. The limited potential of other alternatives such as fibrates, bile acid sequestrants and niacin has spurred the search for novel drug molecules with better efficacy and safety. CETP inhibitors such as evacetrapib and anacetrapib have shown promise in raising HDL besides LDL lowering property. Microsomal trigl...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - December 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: George, M., Selvarajan, S., Muthukumar, R., Elangovan, S. Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin Subfamily Member 2 Cation Channel Regulates Detrimental Immune Cell Invasion in Ischemic Stroke Basic Sciences
Conclusions— Although a neuroprotective effect of TRPM2 in vitro is well known, we can show for the first time that the detrimental role of TRPM2 in stroke primarily depends on its role in activating peripheral immune cells. Targeting TRPM2 systemically represents a promising therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke.
Source: Stroke - October 27, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Gelderblom, M., Melzer, N., Schattling, B., Gob, E., Hicking, G., Arunachalam, P., Bittner, S., Ufer, F., Herrmann, A. M., Bernreuther, C., Glatzel, M., Gerloff, C., Kleinschnitz, C., Meuth, S. G., Friese, M. A., Magnus, T. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Animal models of human disease, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Brain Circulation and Metabolism, Pathology of Stroke Basic Sciences Source Type: research

TRPM2 cation channel regulates detrimental immune cell invasion in ischemic stroke
Following neuronal apoptosis during ischemic stroke, local and systemic inflammation ensues. Invading neutrophils and macrophages seem to be the major contributors to an exacerbated tissue damage. Brain injury during stroke results in oxidative stress and the release of various factors that include extracellular Ca2+, hydrogen peroxide, adenosine diphosphate ribose, and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP). These alterations of the extracellular milieu change the activity of transient receptor potential melastatin subfamily member 2 (TRPM2), a non-selective cation channel highly expressed not only in resid...
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: , Nico Melzer, Benjamin Schattling, Eva Göb, Gordon Hicking, Priyadharshini Arunachalam, Stefan Bittner, Friederike Ufer, Alexander M. Herrmann, Christian Bernreuther, Markus Glatzel, Christian Gerloff, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Sven G. Meuth, Manuel A. Fr Tags: 135 Source Type: research

Relationship of Lipoproteins to Cardiovascular Events The AIM-HIGH Trial (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes)
This study sought to examine the relationship between niacin treatment, lipoproteins, and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in this secondary analysis of the AIM-HIGH (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes) trial.BackgroundDuring a 3-year follow-up in 3,414 patients with established CV disease and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, combined niacin + low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)–lowering therapy did not reduce CV events compared with LDL-C–lowering therapy alone.MethodsSubjects taking simvastatin and/or ez...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - October 14, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Extended-Release Niacin Therapy and Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: The Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides: Impact on Global Health Outcome (AIM-HIGH) Trial Major Clinical Trials
Conclusions— Although there were numerically more ischemic strokes with addition of ERN to simvastatin that reached nominal significance, the number was small, and multivariable analysis accounting for known risk factors did not support a significant association between niacin and ischemic stroke risk. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00120289.
Source: Stroke - September 23, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Teo, K. K., Goldstein, L. B., Chaitman, B. R., Grant, S., Weintraub, W. S., Anderson, D. C., Sila, C. A., Cruz-Flores, S., Padley, R. J., Kostuk, W. J., Boden, W. E., on behalf of the AIM-HIGH Investigators Tags: Secondary prevention, Risk Factors, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Other Stroke Treatment - Medical Major Clinical Trials Source Type: research

Relationship of Lipoproteins to Cardiovascular Events: The AIM-HIGH Trial (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes)
This study sought to examine the relationship between niacin treatment, lipoproteins, and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in this secondary analysis of the AIM-HIGH (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes) trial.Background: During a 3-year follow-up in 3,414 patients with established CV disease and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, combined niacin + low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)–lowering therapy did not reduce CV events compared with LDL-C–lowering therapy alone.Methods: Subjects taking simvastatin and/o...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - August 2, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: John R. Guyton, April E. Slee, Todd Anderson, Jerome L. Fleg, Ronald B. Goldberg, Moti L. Kashyap, Santica M. Marcovina, Stephen D. Nash, Kevin D. O'Brien, William S. Weintraub, Ping Xu, Xue-Qiao Zhao, William E. Boden Tags: Cardiometabolic Risk Source Type: research