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Drug: Simvastatin

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Total 124 results found since Jan 2013.

Simvastatin Pretreatment Protects Cerebrum from Neuronal Injury by Decreasing the Expressions of Phosphor-CaMK II and AQP4 in Ischemic Stroke Rats
Abstract Excitotoxicity and cytotoxic edema are the two major factors resulting in neuronal injury during brain ischemia and reperfusion. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II), the downstream signal molecular of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), is a mediator in the excitotoxicity. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4), expressed mainly in the brain, is an important aquaporin to control the flux of water. In a previous study, we had reported that pretreatment of simvastatin protected the cerebrum from ischemia and reperfusion injury by decreasing neurological deficit score and infarct area (Zhu et al. PLoS On...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - December 1, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Statin treatment 0061ffects cytokine release and phagocytic activity in primary cultured microglia through two separable mechanisms
Conclusions: The disparity in cholesterol dependence of cytokine release and phagocytosis suggests the two effects occur through distinct molecular mechanisms. These two pathways may provide an opportunity for further refinement of pharmacotherapies for neuroinflammatory, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Source: Molecular Brain - November 26, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Matthew ChurchwardKathryn Todd Source Type: research

Statin treatment affects cytokine release and phagocytic activity in primary cultured microglia through two separable mechanisms
Conclusions: The disparity in cholesterol dependence of cytokine release and phagocytosis suggests the two effects occur through distinct molecular mechanisms. These two pathways may provide an opportunity for further refinement of pharmacotherapies for neuroinflammatory, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Source: Molecular Brain - November 26, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Matthew ChurchwardKathryn Todd Source Type: research

Correlation between use of simvastatin and lovastatin and female lung cancer risk: a nationwide case-control study.
CONCLUSIONS: Simvastatin use at a DDD of more than 150 is correlated with an approximately 20% reduction in the risk of lung cancer in women. PMID: 25421876 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Lung Cancer - November 25, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yang TY, Lin WM, Lin CL, Sung FC, Kao CH Tags: Int J Clin Pract Source Type: research

Correlation between use of simvastatin and lovastatin and female lung cancer risk: a nationwide case–control study
ConclusionsSimvastatin use at a DDD of more than 150 is correlated with an approximately 20% reduction in the risk of lung cancer in women.
Source: International Journal of Clinical Practice - November 25, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: T.‐Y. Yang, W.‐M. Lin, C.‐L. Lin, F.‐C. Sung, C.‐H. Kao Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

Evaluating cardiovascular event reduction with ezetimibe as an adjunct to simvastatin in 18,144 patients after acute coronary syndromes: Final baseline characteristics of the IMPROVE-IT study population
Conclusions This trial is evaluating LDL-C lowering beyond previously targeted LDL-C levels. The results depend on achieving the desired separation of LDL-C with ezetimibe and on the assumption that ezetimibe’s lowering of LDL-C will have similar event reduction efficacy as the LDL-C lowering from a statin. The results could affect future therapies and guidelines.
Source: American Heart Journal - October 20, 2014 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Clinical Picture Ischaemic scalp ulceration and hair loss
A 46-year-old woman presented to our outpatient clinic in June, 2013, with frequent collapse, ischaemic scalp ulcerations, and hair loss (). She had undergone carotid endarterectomy in 2005, after a small right hemispheric stroke, and had no other medical history apart from hypercholesterolaemia. She had no previous dermatological or scalp problems. She took clopidogrel 75 mg, aspirin 80 mg, and simvastatin 40 mg daily.
Source: LANCET - October 11, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Çağdaş Ünlü, Jean-Paul P M de Vries Tags: Clinical Picture Source Type: research

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
Niacin fails to prevent cardiovascular events Observational studies have consistently demonstrated that levels of LDL cholesterol directly correlate with cardiovascular risk while HDL levels are inversely related to cardiovascular risk. Niacin is known to reduce LDL levels and concurrently raise HDL levels. In the HPS2-THRIVE study, 25,673 patients with a background of vascular disease were randomized to receive 2 g of extended-release niacin and 40 mg of laropiprant (an anti-flushing agent) or a matching placebo daily. Prior to starting the study, in a run-in phase, background statin therapy was standardized wit...
Source: Heart - September 23, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bradley, S. M. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

Comparative effectiveness of generic and brand-name statins on patient outcomes: a cohort study.
CONCLUSION: Compared with those initiating brand-name statins, patients initiating generic statins were more likely to adhere and had a lower rate of a composite clinical outcome. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Teva Pharmaceuticals. PMID: 25222387 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - September 16, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Gagne JJ, Choudhry NK, Kesselheim AS, Polinski JM, Hutchins D, Matlin OS, Brennan TA, Avorn J, Shrank WH Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

Statins for acute coronary syndrome.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on moderate quality evidence, due to concerns about risk of bias and imprecision, initiation of statin therapy within 14 days following ACS does not reduce death, myocardial infarction, or stroke up to four months, but reduces the occurrence of unstable angina at four months following ACS. Serious side effects were rare. PMID: 25178118 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - September 1, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Vale N, Nordmann AJ, Schwartz GG, de Lemos J, Colivicchi F, den Hartog F, Ostadal P, Macin SM, Liem AH, Mills EJ, Bhatnagar N, Bucher HC, Briel M Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

'More adults should be taking statins,' says NICE
Conclusion Despite somewhat hysterical media coverage to the contrary ("millions more to be given statins," according to the Daily Express), nobody will be forced to take statins. If your GP does recommend statins, you should ask them to explain the benefits and risks for you personally of starting statin treatment. You may want to find out more about statins before making up your mind – the NHS Choices Health A-Z information on statins is a good place to start. If you do experience troublesome side effects while taking statins, contact your GP or the doctor in charge of your care. It could be the case that a...
Source: NHS News Feed - July 18, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Medication QA articles Source Type: news

Stroke in Patients With Aortic Stenosis: The Simvastatin and Ezetimibe in Aortic Stenosis Study Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— In patients with aortic stenosis not prescribed oral anticoagulation, atrial fibrillation, AVR with concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting, and CHA2DS2-VASc score were the major predictors of stroke. Incident stroke was strongly associated with mortality. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00092677.
Source: Stroke - June 23, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Greve, A. M., Dalsgaard, M., Bang, C. N., Egstrup, K., Ray, S., Boman, K., Rossebo, A. B., Gohlke-Baerwolf, C., Devereux, R. B., Kober, L., Wachtell, K. Tags: Thrombosis risk factors, CV surgery: valvular disease, Acute Cerebral Infarction Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Statins - Are they anticonvulsant?
Abstract Statins are the most popular and effective lipid-lowering medications beneficial in hypercholesterolemias and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Growing evidence supports theory that statins exhibit neuroprotective action in acute stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis or epilepsy. Hereby, we present available experimental data regarding action of this group of drugs on seizure activity and neuronal cell death. The most commonly examined statins, such as atorvastatin and simvastatin, display anticonvulsant action with only inconsiderable exceptions. However, the mechanism...
Source: Pharmacological Reports - June 22, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Banach M, Czuczwar SJ, Borowicz KK Tags: Pharmacol Rep Source Type: research

Evaluating cardiovascular event reduction with ezetimibe as an adjunct to simvastatin in 18,144 patients after acute coronary syndromes: Final baseline characteristics of the IMPROVE-IT study population
Background: The IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT) is evaluating the potential benefit for reduction in major cardiovascular (CV) events from the addition of ezetimibe versus placebo to 40 mg/d of simvastatin therapy in patients who present with acute coronary syndromes and have low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≤125 mg/dL.Methods: The primary composite end point is CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), nonfatal stroke, rehospitalization for unstable angina (UA), and coronary revascularization (≥30 days postrandomization). The simvastatin monotherapy arm’s LDL-C target is
Source: American Heart Journal - May 19, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Michael A. Blazing, Robert P. Giugliano, Christopher P. Cannon, Thomas A. Musliner, Andrew M. Tershakovec, Jennifer A. White, Craig Reist, Amy McCagg, Eugene Braunwald, Robert M. Califf Tags: Acute Ischemic Heart Disease Source Type: research

Brain proteomics identifies potential simvastatin targets in acute phase of stroke in a rat embolic model
Abstract Finding an efficient neuroprotectant is of urgent need in the field of stroke research. The goal of this study was to test the effect of acute simvastatin administration after stroke in a rat embolic model and to explore its mechanism of action through brain proteomics. To that end, male Wistar rats were subjected to a Middle Cerebral Arteria Occlusion and simvastatin (20 mg/kg s.c) (n = 11) or vehicle (n = 9) were administered 15 min after. To evaluate the neuroprotective mechanisms of simvastatin, brain homogenates after 48 h were analyzed by two‐dimensional fluorescence Difference in Gel Electrophoresi...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - April 30, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Mireia Campos‐Martorell, Nelida Salvador, Marta Monge, Francesc Canals, Lidia García‐Bonilla, Mar Hernández‐Guillamon, María Irene Ayuso, Pilar Chacón, Anna Rosell, Alberto Alcazar, Joan Montaner Tags: Original Article Source Type: research