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Neuroinflammation in hemorrhagic transformation after tissue plasminogen activator thrombolysis: Potential mechanisms, targets, therapeutic drugs and biomarkers.
Abstract Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a common and serious complication following ischemic stroke, especially after tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) thrombolysis, which is associated with increased mortality and disability. Due to the unknown mechanisms and targets of HT, there are no effective therapeutic drugs to decrease the incidence of HT. In recent years, many studies have found that neuroinflammation is closely related to the occurrence and development of HT after t-PA thrombolysis, including glial cell activation in the brain, peripheral inflammatory cell infiltration and the release of inflammato...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - December 6, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ma G, Pan Z, Kong L, Du G Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

The potential of drug repurposing combined with reperfusion therapy in cerebral ischemic stroke: A supplementary strategy to endovascular thrombectomy
Publication date: Available online 11 October 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Jenq-Lin Yang, Yun-Ru Yang, Shang-Der ChenAbstractStroke is the major cause of adult disability and the second or third leading cause of death in developed countries. The treatment options for stroke (thrombolysis or thrombectomy) are restricted to a small subset of patients with acute ischemic stroke because of the limited time for an efficacious response and the strict criteria applied to minimize the risk of cerebral hemorrhage. Attempts to develop new treatments, such as neuroprotectants, for acute ischemic stroke have been costly and tim...
Source: Life Sciences - October 13, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Effect of Inflammation on the Process of Stroke Rehabilitation and Poststroke Depression
Conclusions Stroke comprises ischemic stroke and ICH. The immuno-inflammatory process is involved in neural plasticity following events such as a hemorrhage or ischemic stroke. After ischemia, astrocytes, microglia, and MDMs play important roles during rehabilitation with the modulation of cytokines or chemokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1. Moreover, MiRNAs are also important posttranscriptional regulators in these glial mitochondrial responses to cerebral ischemia. ICH involves processes similar and different to those seen in ischemia, including neuronal injury, astrocytic and microglial/macrophage activation, and n...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Combining Human Umbilical Cord Blood Cells With Erythropoietin Enhances Angiogenesis/Neurogenesis and Behavioral Recovery After Stroke
In conclusion, our results suggest that hUCBC infusion in combination with EPO administration demonstrates therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of stroke-induced injury by promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Further research that delineates the therapeutic mechanism of systemically administered hUCBC and EPO is required. Ethics Statement All experimental procedures involving animals were performed in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals as adopted and promulgated by the U. S. National Institutes of Health and were approved by CHA University Institutional Animal Care & Use Com...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Depression in the Context of Medical Disorders: New Pharmacological Pathways Revisited
In conclusion a hypothetic model for the implication of actual findings in everyday clinical practice is proposed. In this context personalized treatment could be used to tailor treatment to specific individuals according to their clinical endophenotypes. Moreover a potential target for the development of novel intervention strategies might be used.Neurosignals 2017;25:54 –73
Source: Neurosignals - October 25, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Depression in the Context of Medical Disorders: New Pharmacological Pathways Revisited.
In conclusion a hypothetic model for the implication of actual findings in everyday clinical practice is proposed. In this context personalized treatment could be used to tailor treatment to specific individuals according to their clinical endophenotypes. Moreover a potential target for the development of novel intervention strategies might be used. PMID: 29041003 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neuro-Signals - October 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Lang UE, Walter M Tags: Neurosignals Source Type: research

Minocycline-induced pigmentation of the skin and nails
Introduction Minocycline is an effective treatment for inflammatory cutaneous conditions, such as acne vulgaris and rosacea, infectious conditions and has recently been investigated for its neuroprotective properties. However, treatment with minocycline can induce iatrogenic pigmentation, affecting both the skin and other organs. Recognition of these changes may avoid unnecessary investigations. This image case report aims to remind clinicians of this often-persistent side effect of minocycline. Case A 73-year-old man attended the dermatology outpatient clinic with a 20-year history of progressive swelling of the nose, ass...
Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal - October 23, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Ali, F. R., Yiu, Z. Z., Ogden, S. Tags: Liver disease, Urology, Genetics, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Movement disorders (other than Parkinsons), Stroke, Hypertension, Psychotic disorders (incl schizophrenia), Pneumonia (respiratory medicine), Connective tissue d Source Type: research

Emerging experimental therapies for intracerebral hemorrhage: targeting mechanisms of secondary brain injury.
This article reviews the pathophysiology of secondary brain injury relevant to ICH, examines pertinent experimental models, and highlights emerging therapeutic strategies. Treatment paradigms discussed include thrombin inhibitors, deferoxamine, minocycline, statins, granulocyte-colony stimulating factors, and therapeutic hypothermia. Despite promising experimental and preliminary human data, further studies are warranted prior to effective clinical translation. PMID: 23634928 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Neurosurgical Focus - May 1, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Belur PK, Chang JJ, He S, Emanuel BA, Mack WJ Tags: Neurosurg Focus Source Type: research