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Efficacy of a family-based cardiovascular risk reduction intervention in individuals with a family history of premature coronary heart disease in India (PROLIFIC): an open-label, single-centre, cluster randomised controlled trial
Lancet Glob Health. 2021 Oct;9(10):e1442-e1450. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00319-3.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease, a leading cause of death globally, is amenable to lifestyle interventions. The family environment can affect the ability or willingness of individuals to make lifestyle changes. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of a targeted family-based intervention for reduction of total cardiovascular risk in individuals with a family history of premature coronary heart disease.METHODS: We did an open-label, cluster randomised controlled trial (PROLIFIC) in the families (first-degree relatives and spouses, o...
Source: Australian Family Physician - September 17, 2021 Category: Primary Care Authors: Panniyammakal Jeemon Sivadasanpillai Harikrishnan Sanjay Ganapathi Sivasubramonian Sivasankaran Bhaskarapillai Binukumar Sandosh Padmanabhan Nikhil Tandon Dorairaj Prabhakaran Source Type: research

Zoloft enters list of 10 most commonly prescribed drugs in Australia
Increase in women being diagnosed with depression partly behind rise in useAn increase in women being diagnosed with depression is partly behind a significant rise in prescriptions of the antidepressant sertraline – sold under the brand name Zoloft – which is in the list of Australia’s most commonly prescribed drugs for the first time.On Tuesday Australian Prescriberpublished its annual list of the 10 most commonly taken drugs – based on standard daily doses for every 1,000 people in the population each day – along with a list of the 10 most costly drugs to government, and the 10 most common drugs by prescription...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - November 30, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Melissa Davey Tags: Health Australia news Pharmaceuticals industry Depression Mental health Heart disease Stroke Psychology Drugs Women's health Source Type: news

The association between carotid atherosclerosis and treatment with lithium and antipsychotics in patients with bipolar disorder.
CONCLUSION: Lithium treatment may be associated with less progression in carotid intima-media thickness and the reduced risk for atherosclerosis in adults with bipolar disorder, including those with high cardiovascular disease risk. In addition to age and body mass index, antipsychotics may increase carotid intima-media thickness even in the low cardiovascular disease-risk patients. PMID: 32900219 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry - September 7, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tsai SY, Shen RS, Kuo CJ, Chen PH, Chung KH, Hsiao CY, Huang SH Tags: Aust N Z J Psychiatry Source Type: research

Frequent general practitioner visits are protective against statin discontinuation after a Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme copayment increase.
ConclusionsPatients who visited their GP at least three times per year had a lower risk of ceasing their statins in the year following the copayment increase. GPs can help patients maintain treatment following rises in medicines costs.What is known about the topic?Following the 21% increase in medication copayment in 2005, individuals discontinued or reduced their statin usage, including for tertiary prevention.What does this paper add?Patients who visited their GP at least three times per year were less likely to discontinue their statin therapy for tertiary prevention following a large copayment increase.What are the imp...
Source: Australian Health Review - May 10, 2020 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Seaman KL, Sanfilippo FM, Bulsara MK, Brett T, Kemp-Casey A, Roughead EE, Bulsara C, Preen DB Tags: Aust Health Rev Source Type: research

Cardiac Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention Roundtable: Australian Implementation and Research Priorities
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, is the leading cause of death and disease burden globally [1]. CVD resulted in>1.1 million hospitalisations in 2015-16, and incurs the highest level of health care sector expenditure in Australia (11-12% of total health expenditure) [2]. CHD accounts for the greatest single disease morbidity (>500,000 bed-days annually) and nearly one fifth of all deaths with a total cost of $1.14 billion annually [2]. Over 65,000 Australians experience an acute coronary event (heart attack or unstable angina) each year [3], and, importantly, around a third of...
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - February 28, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Julie Redfern, Gemma Figtree, Clara Chow, Garry Jennings, Tom Briffa, Robyn Gallagher, Rachelle Foreman, on behalf of Roundtable Attendees Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Reducing Tongue Fat Could Improve Sleep Apnea, Study Says
This study shows reducing excess fat in general can reduce tongue size,” said Dr. Raj Dasgupta, a sleep specialist at Keck Medicine at the University of Southern California, who was not involved in the study. In the new paper, the researchers used MRI imaging to measure the effect on upper airways of a 10% weight loss in 67 obese patients. The images showed reducing tongue fat was the primary reason overall sleep apnea scores improved by 31%. “In fact, the more tongue fat you lost, the more your apnea improved,” said Schwab, who is the co-director of the Penn Sleep Center at Penn Medicine. Costs of sleep ...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - January 10, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Boston News Health Healthwatch Syndicated CBSN Boston CNN Source Type: news

Application of non-HDL cholesterol for population-based cardiovascular risk stratification: results from the Multinational Cardiovascular Risk Consortium
Publication date: Available online 3 December 2019Source: The LancetAuthor(s): Fabian J Brunner, Christoph Waldeyer, Francisco Ojeda, Veikko Salomaa, Frank Kee, Susana Sans, Barbara Thorand, Simona Giampaoli, Paolo Brambilla, Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe, Marie Moitry, Licia Iacoviello, Giovanni Veronesi, Guido Grassi, Ellisiv B Mathiesen, Stefan Söderberg, Allan Linneberg, Hermann Brenner, Philippe Amouyel, Jean FerrièresSummaryBackgroundThe relevance of blood lipid concentrations to long-term incidence of cardiovascular disease and the relevance of lipid-lowering therapy for cardiovascular disease outcomes is unclear. We invest...
Source: The Lancet - December 5, 2019 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Why You Should Start Thinking About Your Cholesterol Earlier
High cholesterol is known to be one of the primary risk factors for heart disease, since it can contribute to plaque buildup in the arteries. But even though the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends regular cholesterol testing starting around age 20, many Americans don’t give cholesterol—or heart disease, for that matter—much thought until later in life. A new modeling study published in the Lancet gives extra reason not to put off cholesterol screening and treatment. It confirms that high blood levels of “bad” (or non-HDL) cholesterol are associated with a greater risk o...
Source: TIME: Health - December 4, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jamie Ducharme Tags: Uncategorized Research Source Type: news

Staying muscly 'could ward off heart disease in middle-aged men'
Researchers in Australia followed more than 500 men over 45 for ten years. The muscleiest were up to 81 per cent less likely to have a heart attack or stroke than the least muscleiest.
Source: the Mail online | Health - November 11, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Prevalence of Chronic Health Conditions in Australian Adults with Depression and/or Anxiety.
Authors: Stanton R, Rosenbaum S, Rebar A, Happell B Abstract The association between psychotic illness and poor physical health is now clearly articulated in the literature. By contrast the impact of depression and/or anxiety on physical health is considerably less understood, despite depression being the leading cause of disability worldwide and is associated with significantly higher prevalence of physical comorbidities than found in the general population. An Australia national cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of chronic physical health conditions in persons with,...
Source: Issues in Mental Health Nursing - July 10, 2019 Category: Nursing Tags: Issues Ment Health Nurs Source Type: research

What Causes Facial Nerve Palsy?
Discussion Facial nerve palsy has been known for centuries, but in 1821 unilateral facial nerve paralysis was described by Sir Charles Bell. Bell’s palsy (BP) is a unilateral, acute facial paralysis that is clinically diagnosed after other etiologies have been excluded by appropriate history, physical examination and/or laboratory testing or imaging. Symptoms include abnormal movement of facial nerve. It can be associated with changes in facial sensation, hearing, taste or excessive tearing. The right and left sides are equally affected but bilateral BP is rare (0.3%). Paralysis can be complete or incomplete at prese...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - June 3, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Correlation Between Intracranial Arterial Calcification and Imaging of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Conclusion: Intracranial artery calcification is common in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and the intracranial carotid artery is most frequently affected. Intracranial arterial calcifications might be associated with imaging markers of SVD and are highly correlated with WMHs, lacunes, and CMBs. Quantification of calcification on CT provides additional information on the pathophysiology of SVD. Intracranial arterial calcification could act as a potential marker of SVD. Introduction Atherosclerosis is a systemic vascular process that is considered a major cause of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular di...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Using Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Stroke Therapy
Conclusion and Future Perspectives Stem cell-based therapy is a promising alternative for stroke treatment. While stem cells from different sources, including induced PSC, ESC, MSC, and NSC, have been investigated, using NSC and enhancing the natural mechanisms is most appropriate for brain repair. In preclinical models of stroke, stem cell transplantation has led to positive outcomes through a variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms, many being mediated by the array of beneficial factors produced by the cells. Recent advances in cellular reprogramming have provided alternative sources of NSC to be investigated, allo...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 28, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

World-Wide Efficacy of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Preclinical Ischemic Stroke Models: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusions: Our results show worldwide efficacy of BM-MSCs in improving functional outcomes in pre-clinical animal models of stroke and support testing these cells in clinical trials in various ranges of time windows using different delivery routes. The continued growing number of publications showing functional benefit of BM-MSCs are now adding limited value to an oversaturated literature spanning 18 years. Researchers should focus on identifying definitive mechanisms on how BM-MSCs lead to benefit in stroke models. Introduction Ischemic stroke is the 5th leading cause of death and the leading cause of long term di...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis Is Associated With Circadian and Other Variability in Embolus Detection
Conclusions: Embolism associated with asymptomatic carotid stenosis shows circadian variation with highest rates 4–6 h before midday. This corresponds with peak circadian incidence of stroke and other vascular complications. These and ASED Study results show that monitoring frequency, duration, and time of day are important in ES detection. Introduction Transcranial Doppler (TCD) detected microembolism in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) may help stratify the risk of stroke and other arterial disease complications in persons with advanced (≥60%) asymptomatic carotid stenosis. If so, this t...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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