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Condition: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
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Total 85 results found since Jan 2013.

Management dilemma in a rare case of pituitary apoplexy with akinetic mutism in the setting of ruptured junctional brain aneurysm: A case report and literature review
CONCLUSION: Pituitary apoplexy with ruptured A1-Acom junction aneurysm with nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma is rare, and its presentation with akinetic mutism has not been reported. As there is scarce literature suggesting an association between pituitary apoplexy and ruptured aneurysm, it is challenging to comment regarding its pathogenesis. Although akinetic mutism generally has a poor prognosis, it may respond to Levodopa with a better outcome.PMID:36751455 | PMC:PMC9899474 | DOI:10.25259/SNI_942_2022
Source: Surgical Neurology International - February 8, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Vikas Chandra Jha Mohammad Shahnawaz Alam Vivek Sharan Sinha Rahul Jain Source Type: research

Is This Primary Exertional Headache?
Discussion Commonly occurring primary headaches include tension, cluster and migraine headaches. “Other primary headaches” are often situational. Patients can have more than 1 type of these “other” headaches along with more common headaches. Other primary headaches as a group tend to be self-limited with long remission periods. Some other primary headaches include: Thunderclap headache Explosive sudden onset with maximum intensity in less 1 minute and resolution within 5 minutes usually 43/100,000 persons in adults Primary or secondary Secondary causes include intracranial hemorrhage, stroke, thro...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - November 21, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Effects of New-Generation Antiepileptic Drug Prophylaxis on Delayed Neurovascular Events After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractNeuroelectric disruptions such as seizures and cortical spreading depolarization may contribute to the development of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, effects of antiepileptic drug prophylaxis on outcomes remain controversial in SAH. The authors investigated if prophylactic administration of new-generation antiepileptic drugs levetiracetam and perampanel was beneficial against delayed neurovascular events after SAH. This was a retrospective single-center cohort study of 121 consecutive SAH patients including 56 patients of admission World Federation of Neurolo...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 5, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Exploratory study to assess feasibility of intracerebral hemorrhage detection by point of care cranial ultrasound
ConclusionsOur exploratory analysis yielded preliminary data on use of point of care cranial ultrasound for ICH diagnosis to inform imaging techniques, cranial topography on B mode and sample size estimation for future studies to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of cranial POCUS in adult patients. This pilot study is limited by small sample size and over representation of ICH in the study. Cranial POCUS is feasible using POCUS machines and may have potential as a screening tool if validated in adequately powered studies.
Source: Critical Ultrasound Journal - October 17, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Acute Stroke Diagnosis
Am Fam Physician. 2022 Jun 1;105(6):616-624.ABSTRACTStroke accounts for significant morbidity and mortality and is the fifth leading cause of death in the United States, with direct and indirect costs of more than $100 billion annually. Expedient recognition of acute neurologic deficits with appropriate history, physical examination, and glucose testing will help diagnose stroke and rule out mimicking presentations. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale should be used to determine stroke severity and to monitor for evolving changes in clinical presentation. Initial neuroimaging is used to differentiate between isc...
Source: American Family Physician - June 15, 2022 Category: Primary Care Authors: Edwin Y Choi Gilberto A Nieves Darrell Edward Jones Source Type: research

Craniocervical Artery Dissections: A Concise Review for Clinicians
Craniocervical artery dissection (CAD), although uncommon, can affect the young and lead to devastating complications, including stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage. It starts with a tear in the intima of a vessel with subsequent formation of an intramural hematoma. Most CAD occurs spontaneously or after minor trauma. Patients with CAD may exhibit isolated symptoms of an underlying subclinical connective tissue disorder or have a clinically diagnosed connective tissue disorder. Emergent evaluation and computed tomography angiography or magnetic resonance imaging/angiography of the head and neck are required to screen for and to diagnose CAD.
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - April 1, 2022 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Zafer Keser, James F. Meschia, Giuseppe Lanzino Tags: Concise review Source Type: research

Acute T2*-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detectable Cerebral Thrombosis in a Rat Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractSubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with a high incidence of morbidity and mortality, particularly within the first 72  h after aneurysm rupture. We recently found ultra-early cerebral thrombosis, detectable on T2* magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in a mouse SAH model at 4 h after onset. The current study examined whether such changes also occur in rat at 24 h after SAH, the vessels involved, whether the degree of thrombosis varied with SAH severity and brain injury, and if it differed between male and female rats. Adult Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to an endovascular perforation SAH model or sham...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 2, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

C-reactive Protein for Stroke Detection in the Emergency Department in Patients With Dizziness Without Neurological Deficits
Conclusion: Serum CRP levels do not have significant discriminative value for identifying acute stroke in patients with dizziness without definite neurologic deficits.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 31, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Massive Brainstem and Cerebellum Infarction Due to Traumatic Extracranial Vertebral Artery Dissection in a Motor Traffic Accident: An Autopsy Case Report
Traumatic unilateral vertebral artery (VA) injury can cause focal thrombosis and may block the basilar artery which can further lead to ischemic stroke and massive cerebral infarction and subarachnoid hemorrhage and even rapid death. Here, we present an autopsy case with a traumatic extracranial VA dissection in a motor traffic accident, and the identification of cause of death underwent 2 autopsies. A 62-year-old male pedestrian collided with the right rearview mirror of a car and fell down to the ground. He complained pains in the head and neck. Head computed tomography (CT) showed a right linear temporal bone fracture a...
Source: The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology - May 20, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Differentiation between Cerebral Hemorrhage and Contrast Extravasation Using Dual Energy Computed Tomography after Intra-Arterial Neuro Interventional Procedures
Conclusion: DECT allows an early and accurate differentiation between cerebral hemorrhage and BBB disruption after intra-arterial neuro-interventional procedures. Published on 2020-11-25 11:18:50
Source: Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology - November 25, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

The Updated Role of the Blood Brain Barrier in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: From Basic and Clinical Studies.
Abstract Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a type of hemorrhagic stroke associated with high mortality and morbidity. The blood-brain-barrier (BBB) is a structure consisting primarily of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, end feet of astrocytes, extracellular matrix, and pericytes. Post-SAH pathophysiology included early brain injury and delayed cerebral ischemia. BBB disruption was a critical mechanism of early brain injury, and was associated with other pathophysiological events. These pathophysiological events may propel the development of secondary brain injury, known as delayed cerebral ischemia. Imagin...
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - September 13, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Chen S, Xu P, Fang Y, Lenahan C Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Sex Differences in Sex Hormone Profiles and Prediction of Consciousness Recovery After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion: These findings indicate that TBI differentially affects the levels of sex-steroid hormones in men and women patients. Plasma levels of testosterone could be a good candidate blood marker to predict recovery from unconsciousness after sTBI for male patients. Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide and is increasing in incidence (1). Patients with acute severe TBI (sTBI) often develop severe disorders of consciousness, i.e., coma, minimally conscious state or vegetative state. Although many patients may regain consciousness during the 1-month post-TBI p...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 25, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Decreased CSF Levels of ß-Amyloid in Patients With Cortical Superficial Siderosis
Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that the presence and extent of cSS are associated with reduced CSF ß-amyloid 42 levels. Further studies are needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this association. Introduction Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)—characterized by the deposition of ß-amyloid in the walls of leptomeningeal vessels—is a common cerebral small vessel disease and a major cause of intracerebral hemorrhage in the elderly (1–3). Furthermore, it has become evident that CAA is associated with cognitive impairment (4). Specifically, it has been shown that ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research