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Condition: Encephalitis
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Total 377 results found since Jan 2013.

Zoster sine herpete: a review.
Authors: Zhou J, Li J, Ma L, Cao S Abstract Zoster sine herpete (ZSH) is one of the atypical clinical manifestations of herpes zoster (HZ), which stems from infection and reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in the cranial nerve, spinal nerve, viscera, or autonomic nerve. Patients with ZSH display variable symptoms, such as neuralgia, however, different from HZ, ZSH show no zoster, which makes clinical diagnosis difficult. ZSH not only causes initial symptoms, such as neuropathic pain in the affected nerve, Bell palsy, and Ramsay Hunt syndrome, but also postherpetic neuralgia and fatal complications suc...
Source: Korean Journal of Pain - July 3, 2020 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Korean J Pain Source Type: research

Stereotypies in adults: a systematic review.
Abstract Stereotypies are abnormal involuntary non-goal-directed movement patterns or vocalisations which repeat continuously in the same fashion over a period of time and on multiple occasions and are typically distractible. Stereotypies are common in both children and adults, but they are extensively reviewed only in children. There are very few studies, mainly in the form of case reports and case series, focusing on stereotypies occurring in adults as part of different neurological disorders. In adults, stereotypies can be both physiological and pathological. Common physiological stereotypies in adults are leg ...
Source: Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska - July 23, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Shukla T, Pandey S Tags: Neurol Neurochir Pol Source Type: research

COVID-19 Neurological Manifestations and Underlying Mechanisms: A Scoping Review
ConclusionNeurological manifestations of COVID-19 vary from mild (e.g. loss of taste and smell, dizziness, headache) to severe (e.g. ischemic stroke, encephalitis). Underlying pathways are suggested to be both indirect (as a result of thrombotic complication, inflammatory consequences, hypoxia, blood pressure dysregulation), and direct (neurotropic properties of the virus). Since most articles were opinion papers and no studies have been conducted on cognitive consequences, further research is warranted.
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - August 20, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular disease in patients with COVID-19: neuroimaging, histological and clinical description
We describe pathological and radiological data consistent with thrombotic microangiopathy caused by endotheliopathy with a haemorrhagic predisposition.
Source: Brain - July 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Pattern Recognition Approach to Brain MRI Findings in Patients with Dengue Fever with Neurological Complications
Conclusion: Radiologists should be aware of various MRI brain findings in dengue and a pattern recognition approach often helps in reaching the correct diagnosis albeit after exclusion of other differentials based on laboratory studies.
Source: Neurology India - October 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Sameer Vyas Nirmalya Ray Muniraju Maralakunte Ajay Kumar Paramjeet Singh Manish Modi Manoj Kumar Goyal Naveen Sankhyan Ashish Bhalla Navneet Sharma Muralidharan Jayashree Source Type: research

Exploration of patient- and relative-reported outcomes of cognitive, emotional, and social function after encephalitis.
Conclusions: Individuals affected by encephalitis experience the most significant symptoms in the somatic, cognitive, and communication domains. Outcomes as assessed by relatives were notably worse than those assessed by individuals themselves in nearly all domains. PMID: 33356613 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Injury - December 29, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Brain Inj Source Type: research

Antihistamines as a common cause of new-onset seizures: a single-center observational study
ConclusionIn our population, antihistamine accounted for the highest proportion of drug-induced seizures. Considering that antihistamines are widely used as over-the-counter drugs around the world, they should be considered a possible cause of new-onset seizures.
Source: Neurological Sciences - January 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Central and peripheral nervous system complications of COVID-19: a prospective tertiary center cohort with 3-month follow-up
ConclusionCNS  and PNS complications were common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, particularly in the ICU, and often attributable to critical illness. When COVID-19 was the primary cause for neurological disease, no signs of viral neurotropism were detected, but laboratory changes suggested autoimmune-mediate d mechanisms.
Source: Journal of Neurology - January 13, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Association of Epileptiform Abnormality on Electroencephalography with Development of Epilepsy After Acute Brain Injury
ConclusionsEAs on cEEG in patients with ABI are associated with a greater than three-fold increased risk of new-onset epilepsy. cEEG findings in ABI may therefore be a useful risk stratification tool for assessing long-term risk of seizures and serve as a biomarker for new-onset epilepsy.
Source: Neurocritical Care - January 20, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of COVID-19 Explained by SARS-CoV-2 Proteins ’ Mimicry of Human Protein Interactions
Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2-human protein interactions may lead to the development of delirium, psychosis, seizures, encephalitis, stroke, sensory impairments, peripheral nerve diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Our findings are also supported by the previous in vivo and in vitro studies from other viruses. Further in vivo and in vitro studies using the proteins that are pointed here, could pave new targets both for avoiding and reversing neuropsychiatric presentations.
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - March 23, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Brain-related complications of COVID-19 and the role of FDG-PET in detecting vascular and non-vascular defects throughout the body
Conclusions FDG-PET can characterize the extent of systemic disease in COVID-19 patients and provide value in the early identification of complications that may make patients more susceptible to the harmful respiratory and systemic side effects of COVID-19. Severe neurological ramifications of COVID-19 have been noted such as the increased prevalence of acute cerebrovascular incidents. In these contexts, emerging literature has proven that the use of FDG-PET can be useful in monitoring the neurological manifestations the COVID-19 virus.
Source: Journal of Nuclear Medicine - May 18, 2021 Category: Nuclear Medicine Authors: Rigney, G., Ayubcha, C., Werner, T., Revheim, M.-E., Alavi, A. Tags: Neurosciences Source Type: research

Neurological complications in pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review of the literature
ConclusionsOur research highlights the large range of neurological manifestations and their presumed pathogenic pathways associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. Nervous system involvement could be isolated, developing during COVID-19 or after its recovery, or arise in the context of a MIS-C. The most reported neurological manifestations are cerebrovascular accidents, reversible splenial lesions, GBS, benign intracranial hypertension, meningoencephalitis; ADEM is also a possible complication, as we observed in our patient. Further studies are required to investigate all the neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2...
Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics - June 2, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Altered mental status in COVID-19
ConclusionIn patients with COVID-19, AMS on presentation to the ED is most frequently caused by metabolic encephalopathy (delirium). Seizures and cerebrovascular events contribute to a lesser degree; encephalitis appears rare.
Source: Journal of Neurology - June 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Effect of Data Length on the Assessment of Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation with Transfer Function Analysis in Neurological ICU Patients
ConclusionsConsidering the acceptable rates for the data and the variation in the TFA variables (phase shift and gain), we recommend recording data for a minimum length of 7  min for TFA in patients in the neuro-ICU.
Source: Neurocritical Care - August 17, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Incidence, prevalence and disability associated with neurological disorders in Italy between 1990 and 2019: an analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
ConclusionsThe increase in YLDs associated with neurological conditions is mostly due to population ageing and growth: nevertheless, lived disability and, as a consequence, impact on health systems has increased. Actions are needed to improve outcome and mitigate disability associated with neurological conditions, spanning among diagnosis, treatment, care pathways and workplace interventions.
Source: Journal of Neurology - September 8, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research