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Quantifying the potential effects of air pollution reduction on population health and health expenditure in Taiwan
Environ Pollut. 2023 Aug 17:122405. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122405. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAir pollution, particularly ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution, poses a significant risk to public health, underscoring the importance of comprehending the long-term impact on health burden and expenditure at national and subnational levels. Therefore, this study aims to quantify the disease burden and healthcare expenditure associated with PM2.5 exposure in Taiwan and assess the potential benefits of reducing pollution levels. Using a comparative risk assessment framework that integrates an auto-aggressive i...
Source: Environmental Pollution - August 19, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Yi-Hsuan Roger Chen Wan-Chen Lee Bo-Chen Liu Po-Chieh Yang Chi-Chang Ho Jing-Shiang Hwang Tzu-Hsuan Huang Hsien-Ho Lin Wei-Cheng Lo Source Type: research

Emerging role of neutrophil extracellular traps in the complications of diabetes mellitus
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Aug 23;9:995993. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.995993. eCollection 2022.ABSTRACTImmune dysfunction is widely regarded as one of the central tenants underpinning the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. When discussing immunity, the role of neutrophils must be accounted for: neutrophils are the most abundant of the circulating immune cells and are the first to be recruited to sites of inflammation, where they contribute to host defense via phagocytosis, degranulation, and extrusion of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are composed of DNA associated with nuclear and c...
Source: Atherosclerosis - September 9, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Areez Shafqat Saleha Abdul Rab Osama Ammar Sulaiman Al Salameh Anas Alkhudairi Junaid Kashir Khaled Alkattan Ahmed Yaqinuddin Source Type: research

Comparison of Frequency of Atrial Fibrillation in Blacks versus Whites and the Utilization of Race in a Novel Risk Score
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent sustained arrhythmia in the world, with over 30 million people affected as of 2010.1 The number of patients projected to develop AF will double over the next decade.2 AF is independently associated with an increased risk of stroke,3 heart failure (HF),4 and mortality.5 It is not surprising, thus, that AF assumes a sizeable share of health care expenditure and its magnitude is reaching epidemic proportions.6 Blacks despite having a higher prevalence of traditional risk factors for AF, such as HF, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, have been shown to have a lower incidence of AF.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - August 27, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gurukripa N. Kowlgi, Sampath Gunda, Santosh K. Padala, Jayanthi N. Koneru, Abhishek J. Deshmukh, Kenneth A. Ellenbogen Source Type: research

A long-term quality-of-care score for predicting the occurrence of macrovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is prevalent worldwide, and the number of patients was estimated to be 382 million in 2013 and expected to rise to 592 million by 2035 [1]. In Taiwan, around 7% of the total population (about 1.6 million) had DM in 2012, 90% of whom had type 2 diabetes mellitus. DM has been among the top five leading causes of death in Taiwan for more than three decades and took up about 11.5% of the total healthcare expenditures in the recent years [2]. In addition, DM is associated with a 2-4 times higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke, which are the leading causes of death and disability among peo...
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - February 23, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Pi-I Li, Jian-Nan Wang, How-Ran Guo Source Type: research

Dihydrocapsiate improved age-associated impairments in mice by increasing energy expenditure
In this study, we investigated whether DCT supplementation in aged mice improves age-associated impairments. We obtained 5-wk-old and 1-yr-old male C57BL/6J mice and randomly assigned the aged mice to two groups, resulting in a total of three groups: 1) young mice, 2) old mice, and 3) old mice supplemented with 0.3% DCT. After 12 wk of supplementation, blood and tissue samples were collected and analyzed. DCT significantly suppressed age-associated fat accumulation, adipocyte hypertrophy, and liver steatosis. In addition, the DCT treatment dramatically suppressed age-associated increases in hepatic inflammation, immune cel...
Source: AJP: Endocrinology and Metabolism - November 29, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ohyama, K., Suzuki, K. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Dihydrocapsiate improved age-associated impairments in mice by increasing energy expenditure.
In this study, we investigated whether DCT supplementation in aged mice improves age-associated impairments. We obtained five-week-old and one-year-old male C57BL/6J mice and randomly assigned the aged mice to two groups, resulting in a total of three groups: 1) young mice, 2) old mice, and 3) old mice supplemented with 0.3% DCT. After 12 weeks of supplementation, blood and tissue samples were collected and analyzed. DCT significantly suppressed age-associated fat accumulation, adipocyte hypertrophy, and liver steatosis. In addition, the DCT treatment dramatically suppressed age-associated increases in hepatic inflammation...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - August 15, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Ohyama K, Suzuki K Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

A Perfect Match: health, Hippocrates and lifestyle medicine
Amid the frustration and despair associated with rising premiums, healthcare costs and obesity prevalence, is a trend that is slowly infiltrating the healthcare industry. Although some of the most notable trends (in fitness and nutrition) tend to come and go as quickly as a fastball (World Series, anyone?), this particular trend has an immense amount of staying power based on current scientific research. This immense power has little to do with pharmacological interventions and prescription refills and much more to do with our feet, forks, fingers and minds. This trend, as written in a recent article by the influential and...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - November 3, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Sweet and brittle — Diabetes mellitus and the skeleton
Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has become a medical mass phenomenon in many parts of the world. Unrestricted access to a high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet in combination with considerably higher energy uptake compared to expenditure has led to a pandemic of the metabolic syndrome and T2DM in many countries. Vascular complications resulting from T2DM include nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy as well as ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and stroke.
Source: Bone - September 9, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Lorenz C. Hofbauer, Beata Lecka-Czernik, Markus J. Seibel Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on healthcare spending and national income: a systematic review
Abstract The impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in populations extends beyond ill-health and mortality with large financial consequences. To systematically review and meta-analyze studies evaluating the impact of NCDs (including coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic kidney disease) at the macro-economic level: healthcare spending and national income. Medical databases (Medline, Embase and Google Scholar) up to November 6th 2014. For further identification of suitable studies, we searched refere...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 18, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on households and impoverishment: a systematic review
Abstract The global economic impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) on household expenditures and poverty indicators remains less well understood. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature evaluating the global economic impact of six NCDs [including coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD)] on households and impoverishment. Medline, Embase and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception to November 6th 2014. To identify additional publ...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - December 20, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Health care costs attributable to overweight calculated in a standardized way for three European countries
This article presents a tool to calculate health care costs attributable to overweight in a comparable and standardized way. The purpose is to describe the methodological principles of the tool and to put it into use by calculating and comparing the costs attributable to overweight for The Netherlands, Germany and Czech Republic. The tool uses a top-down and prevalence-based approach, consisting of five steps. Step one identifies overweight-related diseases and age- and gender-specific relative risks. Included diseases are ischemic heart disease, stroke, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, colorectal cancer, postmenopa...
Source: The European Journal of Health Economics - November 28, 2014 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Pharmacotherapy of obesity: clinical treatments and considerations.
Abstract Obesity is a world-wide epidemic associated with significant morbidity and mortality which costs billions of dollars per year. The associated related conditions are many and include heart disease, stroke, type II diabetes mellitus, sleep apnea and certain types of cancer. Given that it is a multifactorial problem, the treatments must also address the numerous causes associated with the development of obesity. The neurohormonal regulation of feeding and energy is a complex system often necessitating modification through more than 1 pathway to achieve weight loss. Therefore, in addition to lifestyle changes...
Source: The American Journal of the Medical Sciences - April 1, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Holes-Lewis KA, Malcolm R, O'Neil PM Tags: Am J Med Sci Source Type: research