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Condition: Dementia
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Total 250 results found since Jan 2013.

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Silent Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation as Determined by Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Varied silent ischemic stroke (SS) prevalence occurs in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Stroke history is worth 2 points in the CHADS2 scoring system. An unknown proportion of patients with AF with a CHADS2 score of 0 or 1 have been undertreated for stroke prevention. We investigated SS risk factors using magnetic resonance imaging and estimated SS impact on clinical outcomes in patients with AF. We analyzed a total of 1,200 patients (400 with AF and 800 with sinus rhythm) who had brain magnetic resonance imaging performed for routine health checkups. Clinical outcomes including symptomatic stroke, dementia, and co...
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - November 25, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Myung-jin Cha, Hyo Eun Park, Min-ho Lee, Youngjin Cho, Eue-keun Choi, Seil Oh Tags: Arrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances Source Type: research

Grey matter correlations of cognitive impairment in early parkinson's disease: the incidence of cognitive impairment in cohorts with longitudinal evaluation-parkinson's disease (icicle-pd) study
Conclusion GM loss is not present in newly diagnosed PD, either in patients with PD–MCI or PD–NC. These data are consistent with neuropathological studies suggesting that GM loss occurs with disease progression and is not prominent in early PD where the neurodegenerative process is more limited.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Duncan, G. W., Firbank, M. J., Yarnall, A. J., Barker, R. A., O'Brien, J. T., Burn, D. J. Tags: Dementia, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) Association of British Neurologists (ABN) joint meeting with the Royal College of Physicians (RCP), London, 23-24 Octo Source Type: research

Investigating silent strokes in hypertensives: a magnetic resonance imaging study (ISSYS): rationale and protocol design
DiscussionImproving the knowledge on the frequency and determinants of these lesions in our setting might help in the future to optimize treatments or establish new preventive strategies to minimize clinical and socioeconomic consequences of stroke and cognitive decline.
Source: BMC Neurology - October 2, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Iolanda Riba-LlenaCarmen JarcaXavier MundetJose TovarFrancesc OrfilaAntonio López-RuedaCristina NafríaJose FernándezXavier CastañéMar DomingoJosé Álvarez-SabínInés Fernández-CortiñasOlga MaisterraJoan MontanerPilar Delgado Source Type: research

Brain Imaging and Cognitive Predictors of Stroke and Alzheimer Disease in the Framingham Heart Study Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Specific patterns of cognitive and brain structural measures observed even in early aging predict stroke risk and may serve as biomarkers for risk prediction.
Source: Stroke - September 23, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Weinstein, G., Beiser, A. S., DeCarli, C., Au, R., Wolf, P. A., Seshadri, S. Tags: Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Risk Factors for Stroke, Epidemiology Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Cerebral white matter hyperintensity predicts cardiovascular events in haemodialysis patients
ConclusionsThe present study indicates that the presence of WMHs is a novel predictor of cardiovascular events in HD patients, and that PVH is more closely associated with incident cardiovascular disease.
Source: Nephrology - September 19, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Toshihide Naganuma, Yoshiaki Takemoto, Tetsuo Shoji, Hideaki Shima, Eiji Ishimura, Mikio Okamura, Tatsuya Nakatani Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The panoply of field-dependent behavior in 1436 stroke patients. The mirror neuron system uncoupled and the consequences of loss of personal autonomy.
Abstract Evaluation of the multifaceted nature of frontal network syndromes is uniquely challenging and rarely tested in the acute/sub-acute stroke period. Field-dependent behavior such as imitation behavior, utilization behavior, and environmental dependency syndrome, as a component of altered environmental autonomy, may be a reliable bedside test. This research focused on the frequency of field-dependent behavior in stroke, the subtypes and relation to frontal lobe lesion location and stroke etiology. A validated frontal network score incorporating a 10-point imitation behavior scale was applied to alert patient...
Source: Neurocase - September 2, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Hoffmann M Tags: Neurocase Source Type: research

Incident lacunes preferentially localize to the edge of white matter hyperintensities: insights into the pathophysiology of cerebral small vessel disease
We examined the spatial relationships between incident lacunes and white matter hyperintensities and related these findings to information on vascular anatomy to study possible mechanistic links between the two lesion types. Two hundred and seventy-six patients with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), a genetically defined small vessel disease with mutations in the NOTCH3 gene were followed with magnetic resonance imaging over a total of 633 patient years. Using difference images and Jacobian maps from registered images we identified 104 incident lacunes. Th...
Source: Brain - August 27, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Duering, M., Csanadi, E., Gesierich, B., Jouvent, E., Herve, D., Seiler, S., Belaroussi, B., Ropele, S., Schmidt, R., Chabriat, H., Dichgans, M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Preserve the Brain Primary Goal in the Therapy of Atrial Fibrillation ∗
Treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) involves 3 major strategies: prevention of stroke, maintenance of sinus rhythm, and rate control (1). Stroke is the most dreaded complication of AF, and its prevention is key. Anticoagulation with warfarin and the newer agents dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban is highly effective in preventing strokes in patients with AF (1,2,3,4). However, defining the appropriate patient for anticoagulant therapy is not an exact science, and the stroke risk schema CHADS2 (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age ≥75 years, Diabetes mellitus, previous Stroke/transient ischemic attack) and CH...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - July 29, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

A New Classification System for Ischemia Using a Combination of Deep and Periventricular White Matter Hyperintensities
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the validity of the CREDOS ischemia classification system. A total of 352 patients with cognitive impairments were included. Their WMH scores were rated using the CREDOS WMH visual rating scale. These patients were divided into 3 groups according to the CREDOS ischemia classification system. The volume of WMH was also automatically measured. The number of lacunes and microbleeds (MBs) were counted. The CREDOS ischemia classification system was revised with factor analysis using vascular risk factors and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) markers (WMH volume, lacunes, and MBs). External valida...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 17, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Young Noh, Yunhwan Lee, Sang Won Seo, Jee H. Jeong, Seong Hye Choi, Joung Hwan Back, Sook-Young Woo, Geon Ha Kim, Ji Soo Shin, Chi Hun Kim, Hanna Cho, Joon Sung Park, Jong-Min Lee, Chang Hyung Hong, Sang Yun Kim, Jae-Hong Lee, Seong Yoon Kim, Kee Hyung Pa Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The Determinants of Dementia After Stroke (DEDEMAS) Study: protocol and pilot data
This study will provide insights into the mechanisms of poststroke dementia and hold the potential to identify novel diagnostic markers and targets for preventive therapies. The study is registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01334749) and will be extended as a multicenter study starting 2013.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - July 9, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Frank A. Wollenweber, Vera Zietemann, Axel Rominger, Christian Opherk, Anna Bayer‐Karpinska, Andreas Gschwendtner, Lisa Coloma Andrews, Katharina Bürger, Marco Duering, Martin Dichgans Tags: Protocols Source Type: research

Mild Cognitive Impairment, Risk Factors and Magnetic Resonance Volumetry: Role of Probable Alzheimer's Disease in the Family.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that research on Hcy, cardiovascular risk factors and other potential risk factors for LOAD might benefit from distinguishing between sporadic and familial LOAD. PMID: 23797189 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders - June 26, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Source Type: research

Cerebral White Matter Hyperintensity Predicts Cardiovascular Events in Hemodialysis Patients
ConclusionsThe present study indicates that the presence of WMHs is a novel predictor of cardiovascular events in HD patients, and that PVH is more closely associated with incident cardiovascular disease.
Source: Nephrology - June 21, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Toshihide Naganuma, Yoshiaki Takemoto, Tetsuo Shoji, Hideaki Shima, Eiji Ishimura, Mikio Okamura, Tatsuya Nakatani Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Subclinical cerebral abnormalities in chronic kidney disease.
Conclusions: The present study showed that community-dwelling elderly subjects with late stage 3 CKD were at high risk for prevalent subclinical lacunar infarction. The identification of CKD-specific modifiable risk factors for SBI and WMLs is of increased importance for prevention of subclinical brain ischemic lesions. PMID: 23652446 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Contributions to Nephrology - May 26, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Yao H, Takashima Y, Hashimoto M, Uchino A, Yuzuriha T Tags: Contrib Nephrol Source Type: research

Enlarged perivascular spaces and cerebral small vessel disease
ConclusionsEnlarged perivascular spaces are associated with age, lacunar stroke subtype and white matter lesions and should be considered as another magnetic resonance imaging marker of cerebral small vessel disease. Further evaluation of enlarged perivascular spaces in studies of ageing, stroke, and dementia is needed to determine their pathophysiological importance.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - May 22, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Gillian M. Potter, Fergus N. Doubal, Caroline A. Jackson, Francesca M. Chappell, Cathie L. Sudlow, Martin S. Dennis, Joanna M. Wardlaw Tags: Research Source Type: research

Preserve the Brain: Primary Goal in the Therapy of Atrial Fibrillation∗
Treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) involves 3 major strategies: prevention of stroke, maintenance of sinus rhythm, and rate control . Stroke is the most dreaded complication of AF, and its prevention is key. Anticoagulation with warfarin and the newer agents dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban is highly effective in preventing strokes in patients with AF . However, defining the appropriate patient for anticoagulant therapy is not an exact science, and the stroke risk schema CHADS2 (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age ≥75 years, Diabetes mellitus, previous Stroke/transient ischemic attack) and CHA2DS2-VASc (...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - May 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Eric N. Prystowsky, Benzy J. Padanilam Tags: Heart Rhythm Disorders: Editorial Comment Source Type: research