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Atrial cardiomyopathy: from cell to bedside
AbstractAtrial cardiomyopathy refers to structural and electrical remodelling of the atria, which can lead to impaired mechanical function. While historical studies have implicated atrial fibrillation as the leading cause of cardioembolic stroke, atrial cardiomyopathy may be an important, underestimated contributor. To date, the relationship between atrial cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, and cardioembolic stroke remains obscure. This review summarizes the pathogenesis of atrial cardiomyopathy, with a special focus on neurohormonal and inflammatory mechanisms, as well as the role of adipose tissue, especially epicardia...
Source: ESC Heart Failure - August 3, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mengmeng Li, Yuye Ning, Gary Tse, Ardan M. Saguner, Meng Wei, John D. Day, Guogang Luo, Guoliang Li Tags: Review Source Type: research

Mechanical Thrombectomy for M1 Subocclusive Thrombus With Lateral Lenticulostriate Artery Occlusion: A Case Report and Literature Review
This article describes a treatment strategy for M1 subocclusive thrombus, focusing on the indications for mechanical thrombectomy. A 58-year-old male on admission for pneumonia had a sudden onset of dysarthria and motor deficits. He has a history of dilated cardiomyopathy and underwent left ventricular assist device implantation 3 years ago. At onset, his National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was nine. Computed tomography angiography demonstrated a filling defect in the distal right M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery. Angiography confirmed the presence of a subocclusive thrombus within the distal r...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - February 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Catastrophic kidney infarction
A 62-year-old man with a history of stroke, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation not on anticoagulation presented with left lower extremity weakness and numbness and was found to have left lower extremity ischemia on examination. There was also evidence of acute kidney injury with a serum creatinine level of 2.1 mg/dl from 0.8 mg/dl at baseline. A computed tomography angiogram of the abdomen and pelvis with distal runoff revealed the occlusion of the left common femoral artery and right saphenofemoral artery.
Source: Kidney International - January 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Nattawat Klomjit, Ladan Zand Tags: Nephrology Image Source Type: research

Effect of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients With Takotsubo Syndrome After Acute Stroke: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
This study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University ([2017] 072). The study findings will be presented at international conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration: This study has been prospectively registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on September 10, 2018 (ChiCTR1800018290).
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Muscle Mass and Mortality After Cardiac Transplantation
Conclusions Muscle mass is an independent predictor of mortality and major morbidity after OHT. Further research is needed to determine whether frail OHT patients with low PMA may benefit from muscle-building interventions to improve outcomes.
Source: Transplantation - November 22, 2018 Category: Transplant Surgery Tags: Original Clinical Science—General Source Type: research

One-Year Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic  Valve Implantation Using the Direct Aortic Approach
Conclusions The DA approach provides a feasible alternative for patients with challenging anatomic features that may otherwise preclude use of the TAVI procedure.
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - April 18, 2017 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Source Type: research

Cardiovascular diseases in patients 65 years and younger with non-cardiogenic stroke.
CONCLUSIONS: Aetiologically heterogeneous stroke and cardiogenic stroke are the most commonly observed among young stroke patients. Cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation are the most common sources of cerebral embolism in young patients with cardiogenic stroke. Nearly 1/5 of patients with a non-cardiogenic stroke have congenital or acquired structural changes in the heart. PMID: 27279848 [PubMed]
Source: Archives of Medical Science - June 10, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Arch Med Sci Source Type: research

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell treatment in patients with severe ischaemic heart failure: a randomized placebo-controlled trial (MSC-HF trial)
Conclusion Intra-myocardial injections of autologous culture expanded MSCs were safe and improved myocardial function in patients with severe ischaemic heart failure. Study registration number NCT00644410 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
Source: European Heart Journal - July 14, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mathiasen, A. B., Qayyum, A. A., Jorgensen, E., Helqvist, S., Fischer-Nielsen, A., Kofoed, K. F., Haack-Sorensen, M., Ekblond, A., Kastrup, J. Tags: Interventional cardiology Source Type: research

Pericardiectomy: prompt surgical management of constrictive pericarditis.
CONCLUSION: Radical pericardiectomy is a demonstrably useful procedure for correction of hemodynamic abnormalities and improvement of overall heart function in symptomatic patients with constrictive pericarditis. PMID: 25586283 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The Heart Surgery Forum - December 1, 2014 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Inamdar KY, Aikebaier M, Lijunhong, Abudunaibi, Mulati A Tags: Heart Surg Forum Source Type: research

Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography for Imaging of Inflammatory Cardiovascular Diseases.
Abstract Inflammation is a determinant of atherosclerotic plaque rupture, the event usually responsible for myocardial infarction and stroke. Possible causes of inflammatory cardiomyopathy include myocarditis, eosinophilic disease, and sarcoidosis. Although conventional imaging techniques can identify the site and severity of luminal stenosis, they do not provide information regarding inflammatory status. (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) for imaging of inflammatory cardiovascular diseases has been rapidly evolving. Integrated PET/computed tomography (CT) is becoming the method of c...
Source: Circulation Journal - May 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Miyagawa M, Yokoyama R, Nishiyama Y, Ogimoto A, Higaki J, Mochizuki T Tags: Circ J Source Type: research

Stroke treatment, outcomes improve at hospitals participating in UCLA-led initiative
Administering a clot-dissolving drug to stroke victims quickly — ideally within the first 60 minutes after they arrive at a hospital emergency room — is crucial to saving their lives, preserving their brain function and reducing disability. Given intravenously, tPA (tissue plasminogen activator) is currently the only Food and Drug Administration–approved therapy shown to improve outcomes for patients suffering acute ischemic stroke, which affects some 800,000 Americans annually. Now, a UCLA-led study demonstrates that hospitals participating in the "Target: Stroke" national quality-improvement program have markedly...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - April 23, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news