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Drug: Metformin

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Total 421 results found since Jan 2013.

Comparative Effectiveness of Glucose-Lowering Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.
CONCLUSION: In diabetic patients at low cardiovascular risk, no treatment differs from placebo for vascular outcomes. In patients at increased cardiovascular risk receiving metformin-based background therapy, specific GLP-1 RAs and SGLT-2 inhibitors have a favorable effect on certain cardiovascular outcomes. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes, supported by an unrestricted educational grant from AstraZeneca. (PROSPERO: CRD42019122043). PMID: 32598218 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - June 29, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Tsapas A, Avgerinos I, Karagiannis T, Malandris K, Manolopoulos A, Andreadis P, Liakos A, Matthews DR, Bekiari E Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

Development of a new GC –MS/MS method for the determination of metformin in human hair
In this study the authors have developed a GC/MS–MS method for the detection and the quantification of metformin in human hair and have applied it to patients under treatment. Measured concentrations range from 0.3 to 3.8 ng/mg. Me tformin appears to be poorly incorporated into hair, given a daily dose of 1 to 3 g. There is probably a correlation between dose and concentration in dark hair. AbstractDiabetes mellitus is one of the most important public health challenges. Metformin (1,1 ‐dimethylbiguanide) represents the “gold standard” for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. Despite its important role in redu...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - June 27, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Nadia Arbouche, Marie ‐Odile Batt, Jean‐Sebastien Raul, Pascal Kintz Tags: SHORT COMMUNICATION Source Type: research

SGLT2 inhibitors compared with other glucose ‐lowering drugs in Japan: Subanalyses of the CVD‐REAL 2 Study
In conclusion, SGLT2i initiators had lower risks of CV events versus oGLD initiators and, uniquely, versus DPP4i initiators in Japanese real‐world practice.
Source: Journal of Diabetes Investigation - June 11, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Shun Kohsaka, Masayoshi Takeda, Johan Bodegard, Marcus Thuresson, Mikhail Kosiborod, Toshitaka Yajima, Eric Wittbrodt, Peter Fenici Tags: SHORT REPORT Source Type: research

Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
CONCLUSIONS: There is no clear evidence whether metformin monotherapy compared with no intervention, behaviour changing interventions or other glucose-lowering drugs influences patient-important outcomes. PMID: 32501595 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 4, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Gnesin F, Thuesen ACB, Kähler LKA, Madsbad S, Hemmingsen B Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Development of a new GC ‐MS/MS method for the determination of metformin in human hair
AbstractDiabetes mellitus is one of the most important public health challenges. Metformin (1,1 ‐dimethylbiguanide) represents the “gold standard” for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. Despite its important role in reducing mortality and morbidity in the diabetic population, metformin is associated with an increased risk of stroke. To document exposure to a drug, hair is conside red to be the specimen of choice to complement blood and urine, since it provides historical detail of a subject's chronic exposure to drug(s). Measuring hair concentration of metformin can be important for forensic toxicologists inv...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - May 28, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Nadia Arbouche, Marie ‐Odile Batt, Jean‐Sebastien Raul, Pascal Kintz Tags: SHORT COMMUNICATION Source Type: research

Novel potent antiplatelet thrombotic agent derived from biguanide for ischemic stroke.
Abstract Platelet thrombosis is the main pathogeny resulting in the low curability of ischemic stroke, a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Metformin, a biguanide derivative that is the first-line oral medicine for type 2 diabetes, alleviates the severity of ischemic stroke in diabetic patients and suppresses platelet activation in experimental animal model. However, the clinical implementation of commercial biguanide analogs for stroke related to platelet thrombosis remains challenging due to its weak potency, poor pharmacokinetic characteristics and possible hypoglycemia. Here, twenty-three big...
Source: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry - May 17, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Xin G, Ming Y, Ji C, Wei Z, Li S, Morris-Natschke SL, Zhang X, Yu K, Li Y, Zhang B, Zhang J, Xing Z, He Y, Chen Z, Yang X, Niu H, Lee KH, Huang W Tags: Eur J Med Chem Source Type: research

Stroke in the patient with diabetes (Part 2) – Prevention and the effects of glucose lowering therapies
There is a higher incidence of stroke in both the type 2 diabetic and the non-diabetic insulin resistant patient which is accompanied by higher morbidity and mortality. Stroke primary prevention can be achieved by controlling atrial fibrillation and hypertension, and the utilization of statins and anticoagulant therapies. Utilizing pioglitazone and GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce the risk of stroke while the utilization of metformin, α-glucosidase inhibitors, DPP-4 and SGLT-2 inhibitors have no effect.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - May 11, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: David S.H. Bell, Edison Goncalves Tags: Review Source Type: research

Stroke in the patient with diabetes (Part 2) -Prevention and the effects of glucose lowering therapies
There is a higher incidence of stroke in both the type 2 diabetic and the non-diabetic insulin resistant patient which is accompanied by higher morbidity and mortality. Stroke primary prevention can be achieved by controlling atrial fibrillation and hypertension, and the utilization of statins and anticoagulant therapies. Utilizing pioglitazone and GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce the risk of stroke while the utilization of metformin, α-glucosidase inhibitors, DPP-4 and SGLT-2 inhibitors have no effect.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - May 11, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: David S.H. Bell, Edison Goncalves Tags: Review Source Type: research

Budget impact analysis for dapagliflozin in type 2 diabetes in Egypt.
Conclusion: Treating T2DM patients using dapagliflozin instead of conventional medications, maximizes patient's benefits and decreases total costs due to drug cost offsets from fewer cardiovascular and renal events. The adoption of dapagliflozin is a budget-saving treatment option, resulting in substantial population-level health gains due to reduced event rate and cost savings from the perspective of the national healthcare system. PMID: 32364032 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Medical Economics - May 5, 2020 Category: Health Management Tags: J Med Econ Source Type: research

Exploring the Possible Impact of Unbalanced Open-Label Drop-In of Glucose-Lowering Medications on EXSCEL Outcomes.
Conclusions: EXSCEL-observed HRs for MACE and ACM remained robust after right censoring or application of literature-derived risk reductions, but the exenatide versus placebo MACE effect size and statistical significance were increased by IPTW. Effects of open-label drop-in cardioprotective medications need to be considered carefully when designing, conducting, and analyzing cardiovascular outcome trials of glucose-lowering agents under the premise of glycemic equipoise. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov Unique Identifier: NCT01144338. PMID: 32098501 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - February 25, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bethel MA, Stevens SR, Buse JB, Choi J, Gustavson SM, Iqbal N, Lokhnygina Y, Mentz RJ, Patel RA, Öhman P, Schernthaner G, Lecube A, Hernandez AF, Holman RR Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and SGLT2 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: New Insights and Opportunities for Cardiovascular Protection.
Authors: Bertoccini L, Baroni MG Abstract The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral vascular disease) is twice in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients compared to non-diabetic subjects. Furthermore, cardiovascular disease (CV) is the leading cause of death in patients with T2D.In the last years several clinical intervention studies with new anti-hyperglycaemic drugs have been published, and they have shown a positive effect on the reduction of mortality and cardiovascular risk in T2D patients. In particular, these studies evaluated sodium/glucose-2 cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT2...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - February 9, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Adv Exp Med Biol Source Type: research

Adult onset MELAS Syndrome Presenting as A Mimic of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis.
CONCLUSION: The clinical presentation and imaging studies of MELAS in adults are variable and may mimic those of HSE. Antiviral therapy should be administered until the diagnosis of MELAS is definitive. Infection and metformin may have also precipitated MELAS manifestation in this patient. Clinicians should avoid potential mitochondrial-toxic drugs in these patients. PMID: 31867706 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Acta Neurologica Taiwanica - December 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Acta Neurol Taiwan Source Type: research

A randomised, double ‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of metformin on myocardial efficiency in insulin‐resistant chronic heart failure patients without diabetes
ConclusionMetformin treatment in non ‐diabetic HFrEF patients improved myocardial efficiency by reducing myocardial oxygen consumption. Measurement of circulating metformin levels differentiated responders from non‐responders. These energy‐sparing effects of metformin encourage further large‐scale investigations in heart failur e patients without diabetes.
Source: European Journal of Heart Failure - December 20, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Anders Hostrup Larsen, Niels Jessen, Helene N ørrelund, Lars Poulsen Tolbod, Hendrik Johannes Harms, Søren Feddersen, Flemming Nielsen, Kim Brøsen, Nils Henrik Hansson, Jørgen Frøkiær, Steen Hvitfeldt Poulsen, Jens Sörensen, Henrik Wigg Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

A Multinational Real-World Study on the Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Type  2 Diabetes Initiating Dapagliflozin in Southern Europe
ConclusionsSignificant differences were seen among patients initiating dapagliflozin in southern Europe. Our results suggest that dapagliflozin was being initiated at different stages of the disease according to the country and prescribing settings. Such geographic heterogeneity may have an impact upon effectiveness of dapagliflozin on glucose lowering, as well as cardiovascular and renal outcomes.
Source: Diabetes Therapy - December 19, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research