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Historical Primer on Obstetrics and Gynecology Health Inequities in America: A Narrative Review of Four Events
Obstet Gynecol. 2023 Oct 1;142(4):779-786. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000005331. Epub 2023 Sep 7.ABSTRACTFour historical events provide context for racial injustices and inequities in medicine in the United States today: the invention of race as a social construct, enslavement in the Americas, the legal doctrine of Partus sequitur ventrem, and the American eugenics movement. This narrative review demonstrates how these race-based systems resulted in stereotypes, myths, and biases against Black individuals that contribute to health inequities today. Education on the effect of slavery in current health care outcomes may prevent...
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology - September 21, 2023 Category: OBGYN Authors: Aisha Nnoli Source Type: research
Infusing Sociology into a Physiology Classroom: Teaching the Physiology of Obesity Through a Socioscientific Lens
Adv Physiol Educ. 2023 Sep 21. doi: 10.1152/advan.00093.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTConventional teaching about obesity, especially within a physiology-based course, tends to focus on the biological aspects. Unfortunately, framing obesity from a solely biological perspective ignores many factors that contribute to the condition, leaving students with an overly simplistic idea. We developed an introductory exercise physiology course that was co-taught with a physiologist and sociologist to provide health science majors with a more holistic view of complex socioscientific issues including obesity. From our course stu...
Source: Advances in Physiology Education - September 21, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Andrew M Petzold Shanna L Altrichter Source Type: research
Validated Checklist for Assessing Communication Skills in undergraduate medical students: Bridging the Gap for Effective Doctor-Patient Interactions
In conclusion, the developed checklist proves to be an effective and valid instrument for assessing communication skills in Phase I MBBS students. By integrating this tool into Observed Station Clinical Examinations, medical educators can comprehensively evaluate students' communication behaviors. Moreover, the checklist serves as a valuable resource for bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, enabling future physicians to excel in doctor-patient interactions, a crucial aspect of patient-centered care.PMID:37732370 | DOI:10.1152/advan.00140.2023
Source: Advances in Physiology Education - September 21, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Archana Chauhan Jarina Begum Shaistha Saiyad Source Type: research
Development of critical thinking skills in human anatomy and physiology
Adv Physiol Educ. 2023 Sep 21. doi: 10.1152/advan.00131.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTApplication of knowledge skills are highly valued in clinical medicine as indicated by recent changes to licensure and entrance exams for nursing and physician programs (i.e., the NCLEX and MCAT). Such emphasis should be both welcomed and supported by approaches to teaching human anatomy and physiology that emphasize critical thinking skills built upon logic, reasoning, and judgement. The argument for development of these skills is not simply philosophical, rather, such emphasis is strongly supported by a 2016 Johns Hopkins study1 t...
Source: Advances in Physiology Education - September 21, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Erik P Silldorff Gerald D Robinson Source Type: research
Education and implementation of home spirometry in an adolescent cystic fibrosis population
CONCLUSION: Home spirometry, when properly implemented with structured education and active participant engagement, has potential to provide meaningful data and feedback to CF care teams. Implementation of this process requires substantial resources and active participation from an adolescent population who are at higher risk for non-adherence. Future studies are needed to determine the impact of home spirometry on clinical outcomes and reliability over time and to address barriers to consistent and enduring engagement in the adolescent population.PMID:37734233 | DOI:10.1016/j.resmer.2023.101040
Source: Respiratory Care - September 21, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sarah Schaffer Abigail Strang Ambika Shenoy Dawn Selhorst Aaron Chidekel Source Type: research
Are Social Deprivation and Low Traditional Health Literacy Associated With Higher PROMIS CAT Completion in Orthopaedic Surgery?
CONCLUSION: Within an urban, socioeconomically diverse, orthopaedic patient population, health literacy was associated with PROMIS CAT questionnaire completion. Lower health literacy levels increased the likelihood of not completing any part of the assigned PROMIS CAT questionnaires. Additionally, patients completed PROMIS CAT without fully understanding the questions. This indicates that patient completion does not guarantee comprehension of the questions nor validity of their scores, even more so among patients with low health literacy. This is a substantive concern for fidelity of data gathered from PROMIS CAT.CLINICAL ...
Source: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research - September 21, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Audrey L Litvak Nicholas A Lin Kelly K Hynes Jason A Strelzow Megan A Conti Mica Jeffrey G Stepan Source Type: research
Health inequities in dialysis care: A scoping review
CONCLUSIONS: Our scoping review examined current literature on health inequities pertaining to dialysis and found gaps concerning LGBTQ+ and patients with lower levels of education. To help fill these gaps, and possibly alleviate additional burden to these patients, we recommend cultural competency training for providers and dialysis center staff as well as community-based educational programs to improve dialysis patients' health literacy.PMID:37734842 | DOI:10.1111/sdi.13176
Source: Seminars in Dialysis - September 21, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lindsey Kay Purcell Joseph William Schnitker Ty Michael Moore Andriana Mercedes Pe ña Mitchell Faris Love Alicia Ito Ford Benjamin Matt Vassar Source Type: research
Patient evaluation of gynaecological information provision and preferences
CONCLUSION: Health professionals are central to women accessing information about gynaecological diagnoses. Areas for improvement include communication strategies, facilitating access to internet-based resources for information and consideration of women's preferences when providing health information.IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND PATIENT CARE: Consumer co-design of gynaecological health information and communication training for health professionals is recommended. Improved communication and facilitated use of internet-based resources may improve women's understanding of information.IMPACT: This study explored gynae...
Source: Adv Data - September 21, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Natalie Williams Georgia Griffin Megan Wall Stuart Watson Jane Warland Zoe Bradfield Source Type: research
Racism and discrimination in the context of health inequalities-a narrative review
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2023 Sep 21. doi: 10.1007/s00103-023-03764-7. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTRacism and discrimination as social determinants of health are becoming increasingly recognised in public health research in Germany. Studies show correlations with physical and mental health and even changes at the cellular level. In addition to the adverse health effects of interpersonal and direct discrimination, the relevance of structural and institutional racism for health inequalities has been little explored. This narrative review synthesises and critically discusses relevant an...
Source: Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz - September 21, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Katja Kajikhina Carmen Koschollek Kayvan Bozorgmehr Navina Sarma Claudia H övener Source Type: research
Results of the European Society of Toxicologic Pathology Survey on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Toxicologic Pathology
Toxicol Pathol. 2023 Jun;51(4):216-224. doi: 10.1177/01926233231182115.ABSTRACTThe European Society of Toxicologic Pathology (ESTP) initiated a survey through its Pathology 2.0 workstream in partnership with sister professional societies in Europe and North America to generate a snapshot of artificial intelligence (AI) usage in the field of toxicologic pathology. In addition to demographic information, some general questions explored AI relative to (1) the current status of adoption across organizations; (2) technical and methodological aspects; (3) perceived business value and finally; and (4) roadblocks and perspectives....
Source: Toxicologic Pathology - September 21, 2023 Category: Pathology Authors: Xavier Palazzi Erio Barale-Thomas Bhupinder Bawa Jonathan Carter Kyathanahalli Janardhan Heike Marxfeld Abraham Nyska Chandrassegar Saravanan Dirk Schaudien Vanessa L Schumacher Robert H Spaet Simone Tangermann Oliver C Turner Enrico Vezzali Source Type: research
Current practice of outpatient rehabilitation services in patients with mobility-impaired paralysis due to stroke or spinal cord injury: a qualitative interview study in Germany
CONCLUSION: Areas of improvement identified focused on: setting rehabilitation goals towards participation, training therapists on evidence-based treatments and shared decision-making, updating the outpatient service catalogue, and implementing coordination actions. Implementation of these recommendations should be evaluated.PMID:37732606 | DOI:10.1080/09638288.2023.2259301
Source: Disability and Rehabilitation - September 21, 2023 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Tiziana Daniel Tamara Spingler Andreas Hug Norbert Weidner Michel Wensing Charlotte Ullrich Source Type: research
Examining individual learning patterns using generalised linear mixed models
Behav Res Methods. 2023 Sep 20. doi: 10.3758/s13428-023-02232-z. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEveryone learns differently, but individual performance is often ignored in favour of a group-level analysis. Using data from four different experiments, we show that generalised linear mixed models (GLMMs) and extensions can be used to examine individual learning patterns. Producing ellipsoids and cluster analyses based on predicted random effects, individual learning patterns can be identified, clustered and used for comparisons across various experimental conditions or groups. This analysis can handle a range of datasets inclu...
Source: Behavior Research Methods - September 21, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Sean Commins Antoine Coutrot Michael Hornberger Hugo J Spiers Rafael De Andrade Moral Source Type: research
Athletic Trainers' Observations of Social Determinants of Health in the Collegiate Setting: A Card Study
CONCLUSIONS: Because ATs are positioned to accurately assess SDH, they can promote better patient-centered care and improve patient outcomes. Our results suggested many SDH observed by ATs in the college/university setting had a negative influence on patient health. Better support for patients with behavioral health issues and academic stressors is important because these SDH were commonly perceived to negatively influence health and well-being.PMID:37734734 | DOI:10.4085/1062-6050-0327.23
Source: J Athl Train - September 21, 2023 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Kelsey J Picha Cailee E Welch Bacon Cassidy Evans Windsor Joy Lewis Alison R Snyder Valier Source Type: research
Brain Injury: How Dietary Patterns Impact Long-Term Outcomes
We examined Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, plant-based, ketogenic, and intermittent fasting dietary patterns through publications of clinical trials and systematic reviews. While many reviews had significant positive findings, some were limited by generalizability.SUMMARY: While there is extensive literature on the immediate nutrition goals in the inpatient setting following an acute TBI exposure, there is limited literature discussing the nature of diet and nutrition in the post-acute setting. Fortunately, most individuals with TBI exposure survive their initial injury and continue into the recove...
Source: Health Physics - September 21, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Palak R Patel Patrick Armistead-Jehle Nicholas R Eltman Kelly M Heath David X Cifu Randel L Swanson Source Type: research
Disparities in Timeliness of Endometrial Cancer Care: A Scoping Review
CONCLUSIONS: Evidence gaps on disparities in timeliness of endometrial cancer care reveal emphasis of patient-driven help-seeking delays, reliance on health care-derived databases, underutilization of participatory methods, and a paucity of intervention studies.SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: Given that PROSPERO was not accepting systematic scoping review protocols at the time this study began, this study protocol was shared a priori through Open Science Framework on January 13, 2021 (doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/V2ZXY), and through peer review publication on April 13, 2021 (doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01649-x).PMID:37...
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology - September 21, 2023 Category: OBGYN Authors: Anna Najor Valerie Melson Junrui Lyu Priyal Fadadu Jamie Bakkum-Gamez Mark Sherman Andrew Kaunitz Avonne Connor Christopher Destephano Source Type: research
