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Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Nrf2 Signaling Pathway Mediates the Antioxidative Effects of Taurine Against Corticosterone-Induced Cell Death in HUMAN SK-N-SH Cells.
Abstract Substantial evidence has shown that elevated circulating corticosteroids or chronic stress contributes to neuronal cell death, cognitive and mental disorders. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Taurine is considered to protect neuronal cells from apoptotic cell death in neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. In the present study, the protective effects of taurine against corticosterone (CORT)-induced oxidative damage in SK-N-SH neuronal cells were investigated. The results showed that CORT significantly induced cell death, which was blocked by pretreatment with taurine...
Source: Neurochemical Research - October 23, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sun Q, Jia N, Yang J, Chen G Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Protein phosphatase 5 mediates corticosteroid insensitivity in airway smooth muscle in patients with severe asthma
ConclusionsPP5‐dependent impairment of GRα function represents a novel mechanism driving GC insensitivity in ASM in severe asthma.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Allergy - August 9, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Latifa Chachi, Mahnaz Abbassian, Adelina Gavrila, Abdulrahman Alzahrani, Omar Tliba, Peter Bradding, Andrew J. Wardlaw, Christopher Brightling, Yassine Amrani Tags: Original Article: Airway Diseases Source Type: research

Esculentoside A Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation via Activation of the Nrf-2 Pathway
Conclusions: This is the first study to illustrate that EsA acts as a novel Nrf-2 activator, which modulates the oxidative stress pathway to improve lung injury and ameliorate the development of airway inflammation.Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2015;167:280-290
Source: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology - October 24, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The Plant Derivative Compound A Inhibits the Production of Corticosteroid-resistant Chemokines by Airway Smooth Muscle Cells.
Abstract Preclinical models of human conditions including asthma showed the therapeutic potential of compound A (CpdA), a dissociated glucocorticoid (GC) receptor (GRα) ligand. Whether CpdA inhibits GC resistance, a central feature of severe asthma, has not been addressed. We investigated whether CpdA modulates cytokine-induced GC resistance in human airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Healthy and asthmatic ASM cells were treated with TNFα/IFNγ for 24 hr in the presence or absence of CpdA. ELISA and qPCR assays were used to assess the effect of CpdA on chemokine expression. Activation of GRα by CpdA was assessed...
Source: Am J Respir Cell Mol... - April 21, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gavrila A, Chachi L, Tliba O, Brightling C, Amrani Y Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRR regulates PP2A in mononuclear cells
Conclusion: We have demonstrated that reduction of PTPRR down-regulates PP2AC via enhancement of PP2AC-Tyr307 phosphorylation that may lead to corticosteroid insensitivity. This novel mechanism may be a new therapeutic target for restoration of corticosteroid sensitivity in patients with severe asthma.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kobayashi, Y., Miller-Larsson, A., Ito, K., Kanda, A., Tomoda, K., Barnes, P. J., Mercado, N. Tags: 3.2 Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research