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Therapy: Radiation Therapy
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Total 78 results found since Jan 2013.
Abstract 3937: Inhibition of Notch and HIF enhances the antitumor effect of radiation in Notch expressing lung cancer
Conclusions: Radiation-induced up-regulation of Notch pathway and HIF-1α might provide therapeutic targets for more effective radiation therapy in NSCLC.
Citation Format: Yasuyuki Ikezawa, Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, Hidenori Mizugaki, Satoshi Oizumi, Masaharu Nishimura. Inhibition of Notch and HIF enhances the antitumor effect of radiation in Notch expressing lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3937. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3937
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ikezawa, Y., Sakakibara-Konishi, J., Mizugaki, H., Oizumi, S., Nishimura, M. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 3941: The Egr1 transcription factor contributes to radiation-induced apoptosis in the mouse hippocampus and intestinal crypts
Although radiation therapy is a mainstay of cancer treatments, it can have deleterious effects on normal tissues, leading to poor quality of life for cancer survivors. Stem cells in normal tissues are particularly sensitive to radiation. It is believed that they are depleted after radiation, resulting in late sequelae such as low IQ, cognitive disorders, intestinal malabsorption, infertility, and skin injuries. Our laboratory has found that normal tissue stem cells express high levels of Early Growth Response 1 (Egr1) protein and mRNA. Egr1 is a zinc-finger transcription factor that initiates early signaling events in resp...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhao, D. Y., Jacobs, K. M., Karvas, R. M., Joubert, J. L., Hallahan, D. E., Thotala, D. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 3943: siRNA-mediated HuR silencing sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer cells to radiation therapy
HuR is a ubiquitously expressed member of the Elav/Hu family of RNA-binding proteins which can associate with mRNAs containing AU-rich elements in their 3′-untranslated regions. It is predominantly a nuclear protein that translocates to the cytoplasm in response to stress signals and stabilizes mRNAs encoding proteins implicated in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and stress response. Studies examining HuR expression in human cancers indicated that elevated cytoplasmic HuR expression is associated with a high histologic grade, large tumor size, and poor survival of patients with cancer, leading to the hypothe...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Basalingappa, K. M., Mehta, M., Griffith, J. N., Muralidharan, R., Gorospe, M., Ramesh, R., Munshi, A. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 3945: Inhibition of MMP2 expression enhances the efficacy of radiation therapy for a murine astrocytoma
This study provides a new treatment option for treating invasive brain tumors. (This study was supported by NHRI-EX103-10132BI and NSC 102-2314-B-007-003-MY3 grants)
Citation Format: Ching-Fang Yu, Ying-Chieh Yang, Ji-Hong Hong, Chi-Shiun Chiang. Inhibition of MMP2 expression enhances the efficacy of radiation therapy for a murine astrocytoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3945. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3945
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yu, C.-F., Yang, Y.-C., Hong, J.-H., Chiang, C.-S. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 3956: Combination of SPARC and radiation suppresses HSP27 and induces p21(CIP1/WAF1) in neuroblastoma tumor cells
Neuroblastoma (NBL) is the third most common malignancy in children and accounts for more than 15% of cancer-related deaths in children in the US. Approximately 50% of patients present with advanced-stage and/or high risk disease. Despite significant intensification of conventional chemotherapy regimens, the long-term survival rates for these children remain less than 40%. A somewhat improved outcome has been obtained with multimodality therapeutic approaches including chemotherapy, surgery, autologous bone marrow transplantation, radiation therapy and use of biological agents. However, long-term survival rates for childre...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gondi, C. S., Tanpure, S., Antony, R., Fernandez, K. S., Guȷrati, M., Lin, J. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 2936: JNJ-47117096, a selective small molecule inhibitor of the MELK oncogene decreases DNA damage tolerance in highly proliferating cancer cells
Conclusion: Our data generated with JNJ-47117096, confirmed by selective siRNAs, indicate MELK as a key stimulator of proliferation and replication by its ability to increase the threshold for DNA damage tolerance. Targeting MELK function by selective small molecule inhibitors might sensitise tumors to DNA-damaging agents or radiation therapy.
Citation Format: Lijs Beke, Joannes T.m. Linders, Cenk Kig, An Boeckx, Erika van Heerde, Dirk Wuyts, Marc Parade, Lieven Meerpoel, Chris Johnson, Monique Beullens, Mathieu Bollen, Dirk Brehmer. JNJ-47117096, a selective small molecule inhibitor of the MELK oncogene decreases DNA dama...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Beke, L., Linders, J. T. m., Kig, C., Boeckx, A., Heerde, E. v., Wuyts, D., Parade, M., Meerpoel, L., Johnson, C., Beullens, M., Bollen, M., Brehmer, D. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research
Influence of secreted frizzled receptor protein 1 (SFRP1) on neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer does not rely on WNT signaling
Conclusion:
We could firstly show that SFRP1 strongly correlates with the triple negative breast cancer subtype and secondly, that SFRP1 might be used as a marker stratifying patients to positively respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The mechanisms by which tumor suppressor SFRP1 influences carcinogenic properties of cancer cells do not rely on Wnt signaling, thereby demonstrating the complexity of tumor associated signaling pathways.
Source: Molecular Cancer - July 17, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Christof BernemannCarolin HülsewigChristian RuckertSarah SchäferLena BlümelGeorg HempelMartin GötteBurkhard GrevePeter BarthLudwig KieselCornelia Liedtke Source Type: research
MiR-224 expression increases radiation sensitivity of glioblastoma cells.
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and highly aggressive primary malignant brain tumor. The intrinsic resistance of this brain tumor limits the efficacy of administered treatment like radiation therapy. In the present study, effect of miR-224 on growth characteristics of established GBM cell lines was analyzed. MiR-224 expression in the cell lines as well as primary GBM tumor tissues was found to be low. Exogenous transient expression of miR-224 using either synthetic mimics or stable inducible expression using doxycycline inducible lentiviral vector carrying miR-224 gene, was found to bring about 30-5...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 29, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Upraity S, Shaikh S, Padul V, Shirsat NV Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research
Novel treatment approaches for locally advanced pancreatic cancer.
This study shows encouraging results from a phase I investigation of a regionally delivered siRNA that targets the K-rasG12D mutation. Investigation of novel approaches such as those presented here holds the greatest promise for improving treatment of this deadly disease.
PMID: 24618426 [PubMed - in process]
Source: JOP - March 14, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Gorovets D, Saif MW, Huber K Tags: JOP Source Type: research
Expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase linked to chemoradiation susceptibility of human colon cancer cells
Conclusion:
Our overall results demonstrate that mPEPCK is a useful predictor of a response to chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer.
Source: BMC Cancer - March 6, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ji-Won ParkSeung KimWon KimJun HongKyung-Hee KimHyun YeoJae LeeM KimJong KimSe YangDae KimJae OhJae ChoByong Yoo Source Type: research
Acquired Tumor Cell Radiation Resistance at the Treatment Site Is Mediated Through Radiation-Orchestrated Intercellular Communication
Conclusions: Together, these data strongly suggest that scattered LDIR-induced NFκB-dependent TNF-α, IL-1α, cMYC, and SOD2 mediate radiation protection to the subsequent challenge dose in tumor cells.
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - January 8, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Natarajan Aravindan, Sheeja Aravindan, Vijayabaskar Pandian, Faizan H. Khan, Satish Kumar Ramraj, Praveen Natt, Mohan Natarajan Tags: Biology Contributions Source Type: research
Curcumin induces radiosensitivity of in vitro and in vivo cancer models by modulating pre-mRNA processing factor 4 (Prp4).
Abstract
Radiation therapy plays a central role in adjuvant strategies for the treatment of both pre- and post-operative human cancers. However, radiation therapy has low efficacy against cancer cells displaying radio-resistant phenotypes. Ionizing radiation has been shown to enhance ROS generation, which mediates apoptotic cell death. Further, concomitant use of sensitizers with radiation improves the efficiency of radiotherapy against a variety of human cancers. Here, the radio-sensitizing effect of curcumin (a derivative of turmeric) was investigated against growth of HCT-15 cells and tumor induction in C57BL/6...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - October 18, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Shehzad A, Park JW, Lee J, Lee YS Tags: Chem Biol Interact Source Type: research
Acquired resistance to cetuximab is associated with the overexpression of Ras family members and the loss of radiosensitization in head and neck cancer cells
Conclusion: Targeting Ras and PI3K activity improves the outcome of irradiation in cetuximab-resistant HNSCC cell lines in vitro.
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - July 29, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Mohammad Saki, Mahmoud Toulany, H. Peter Rodemann Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Adaptive Response Diminishes Therapeutic Effectiveness
Adaptive responses can be induced in cells by very low doses of ionizing radiation resulting in an enhanced resistance to much larger exposures. The inhibitor of apoptosis protein, survivin, has been implicated in many adaptive responses to cellular stress. Computerized axial tomography used in image-guided radiotherapy to position and monitor tumor response uses very low radiation doses ranging from 0.5 to 100 mGy. We investigated the ability of these very low radiation doses administered along with two 2 Gy doses separated by 24 hours, a standard conventional radiotherapy dosing schedule, to initiate adaptive responses r...
Source: Cancer Research - July 15, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Grdina, D. J., Murley, J. S., Miller, R. C., Mauceri, H. J., Sutton, H. G., Li, J. J., Woloschak, G. E., Weichselbaum, R. R. Tags: Therapeutics, Targets, and Chemical Biology Source Type: research
Role of moesin in hyaluronan induced cell migration in glioblastoma multiforme
Conclusions:
Our results suggest that development of inhibitors which interfere with CD44-moesin interactions may open a new avenue in the future to mitigate cellular migration in gliomas.
Source: Molecular Cancer - July 15, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Leroi DeSouzaAjay MattaZia KarimJoydeep MukherjeeX WangOlga KrakovskaGelareh ZadehAbhijit GuhaKW Siu Source Type: research
