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Therapy: Radiation Therapy

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Total 78 results found since Jan 2013.

2ME2 increase radiation‐induced apoptosis of keloid fibroblasts by targeting HIF‐1α in vitro
ConclusionsThe present study indicates that HIF‐1α might serve as a therapeutic target for keloids. Furthermore, suppression of HIF‐1α by 2ME2 may be a promising therapeutic adjuvant in radiation therapy for keloids.
Source: Australasian Journal of Dermatology - April 15, 2015 Category: Dermatology Authors: Fei Long, Loubin Si, Xiao Long, Bob Yang, Xiaojun Wang, Fuquan Zhang Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

2ME2 increase radiation ‐induced apoptosis of keloid fibroblasts by targeting HIF‐1α in vitro
ConclusionsThe present study indicates that HIF‐1α might serve as a therapeutic target for keloids. Furthermore, suppression of HIF‐1α by 2ME2 may be a promising therapeutic adjuvant in radiation therapy for keloids.
Source: Australasian Journal of Dermatology - April 14, 2015 Category: Dermatology Authors: Fei Long, Loubin Si, Xiao Long, Bob Yang, Xiaojun Wang, Fuquan Zhang Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Oncotropic H-1 parvovirus infection degrades HIF-1α protein in human pancreatic cancer cells independently of VHL and RACK1.
In this study, we found that infection with the oncolytic H-1 parvovirus decreased HIF-1α protein levels in pancreatic cancer cells under CoCl2 or hypoxia. The H-1 virus-induced decrease of HIF-1α was regulated by a proteasome-mediated pathway. Suppression of VHL, an E3 ligase and a critical regulator of HIF-1α, or enforced expression of UCP, an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, failed to inhibit the H-1 virus-induced decrease of HIF-1α. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated suppression of RACK1, another regulator of HIF-1α, did not prevent H-1 viral infection from lowering HIF-1α protein levels. Although decrease of HIF-1α wa...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - March 9, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cho IR, Kaowinn S, Moon J, Soh J, Kang HY, Jung CR, Oh S, Song H, Koh SS, Chung YH Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Energy Metabolism in a Matched Model of Radiation Resistance for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer.
In this study, we investigated the reprogramming of the energy metabolism in radiosensitive and radioresistant head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) using a preclinical matched model of radiation resistance. Our investigation found that radioresistant rSCC-61 cells: 1. They display increased glucose uptake and decreased fatty acid uptake; 2. They deviate from the classical Warburg effect by diverting the glycolytic flux into the pentose phosphate pathway; 3. They are more dependent on glucose than glutamine metabolism to support growth; 4. They have decreased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation; 5. They have e...
Source: Radiation Research - March 4, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Mims J, Bansal N, Bharadwaj MS, Chen X, Molina AJ, Tsang AW, Furdui CM Tags: Radiat Res Source Type: research

Cationic Nanogel-mediated Runx2 and Osterix siRNA Delivery Decreases Mineralization in MC3T3 Cells.
CONCLUSIONS: Although mRNA and protein knockdown were confirmed as a result of RNAi treatments against Runx2 and Osx, complete elimination of mineralization processes was not achieved. RNAi targeting mid- and late-stage osteoblast differentiation markers such as ALP, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and bone sialoprotein) may produce the desired RNAi-nanogel nanostructured polymer HO prophylaxis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Successful HO prophylaxis should target and silence osteogenic markers critical for heterotopic bone formation processes. The identification of such markers, beyond RUNX2 and OSX, may enhance the effectiveness of...
Source: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research - December 2, 2014 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Shrivats AR, Hsu E, Averick S, Klimak M, Watt AC, DeMaio M, Matyjaszewski K, Hollinger JO Tags: Clin Orthop Relat Res Source Type: research

Hypoxia-induced autophagy confers resistance of breast cancer cells to ionizing radiation.
Authors: He WS, Dai XF, Jin M, Liu CW, Rent JH Abstract Hypoxia is a hallmark of solid tumors, which presents a major obstacle to the effectiveness of radiation therapy. However, the function and the importance of molecular response have not been well defined. In the present study, hypoxia-induced autophagy and its effect on the response of breast cancer cells to ionizing radiation were examined. Results showed that hypoxic exposure induced a marked accumulation of autophagosomes accompanied by mRNA induction of the autophagy-related genes Beclin-1, Atg5, Atg7, and Atg12. The elevated autophagic activity was associ...
Source: Oncology Research - December 1, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Res Source Type: research

Ionizing Radiation Sensitizes Breast Cancer Cells to Bcl-2 Inhibitor, ABT-737, through Regulating Mcl-1.
Abstract Breast-conserving surgery followed by radiation therapy has become the standard of care for early stage breast cancer. However, there are some patients that develop a local failure. We have previously shown that Bcl-2 overexpression was associated with an increased risk of local recurrence in patients with early stage breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to explore an approach to overcome radiation resistance by targeting pro-survival Bcl-2 family proteins in breast cancer cells. The breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, ZR-75-1 and MDA-MB231 were used in this study. siRNAs were employed to silence myel...
Source: Radiation Research - November 19, 2014 Category: Physics Authors: Wu H, Schiff DS, Lin Y, Neboori HJ, Goyal S, Feng Z, Haffty BG Tags: Radiat Res Source Type: research

Silencing of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor enhances the radiation sensitivity of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo
Conclusions: The results of the current study suggest that IGF-1r knockdown may enhance the radiation sensitivity of ESCC and increase the therapeutic effects of radiation both in vitro and in vivo. These results provide strong evidence that the targeted application of siRNA will enable the development of new therapeutic strategies for the clinical treatment of ESCC patients.
Source: BioMed Central - November 3, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Hui ZhaoXiaomeng Gu Source Type: research

Rt-40 * the down-regulation of h-ferritin as an adjuvant therapy in human glioma
This study supports the potential of H-ferritin siRNA as an adjuvant therapy in glioma treatment.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pang, M., Liu, X., Madhankumar, A. B., Slagle-Webb, B., Connor, J. Tags: RADIATION THERAPY (CLINICAL AND/OR LABORATORY RESEARCH) Source Type: research

NT-16 * NANOPARTICLE-MEDIATED DELIVERY OF ANTI-Ape1 siRNA SENSITIZES PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR CELLS TO RADIATION THERAPY BY INHIBITING DNA REPAIR
Pediatric brain tumors are the leading cause of death in children, and survival is frequently accompanied by one or more radiation-induced adverse developmental and psychosocial sequelae. Radiotherapy (RT) is an integral component of the treatment for medulloblastoma (MB) and the only effective adjuvant therapy for ependymoma (EP). Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop strategies to enhance the tumoricidal action of RT while sparing adjacent normal tissue. The multifunctional DNA repair protein Ape1/Ref-1 has been implicated in conferring radiation resistance in pediatric brain tumors. However, inhibiting Ape1 acti...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 3, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kievit, F., Stephen, Z., Wang, K., Dayringer, C., Ellenbogen, R., Silber, J., Zhang, M. Tags: NOVEL THERAPEUTICS (CLINICAL AND/OR LABORATORY RESEARCH) Source Type: research

The basal epithelial marker P-cadherin associates with breast cancer cell populations harboring a glycolytic and acid-resistant phenotype
Conclusions: Our results establish a link between aberrant P-cadherin expression and hypoxic, glycolytic and acid-resistant breast cancer cells, suggesting a possible role for this marker in cancer cell metabolism.
Source: BMC Cancer - October 1, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bárbara SousaAna RibeiroAna NobreNair LopesDiana MartinsCéline PinheiroAndré VieiraAndré AlbergariaRené GerhardFernando SchmittFátima BaltazarJoana Paredes Source Type: research

Abstract 854: Inhibition of PRMT5 results in radiosensitization in lung cancer cell lines
Conclusion: PRMT5 inhibition by siRNA or its specific inhibitors lead to radiosensitivity in A549 lung cancer cell line. This effect may be partially dependent on p53-dependent cell cycle arrest. Further work to inhibit PRMT5 in other lung cancer cell lines with different p53 activities will be investigated. Citation Format: Smitha Sharma, X Wu, P Smith, N Denko, C Li, H Lai, F Yan, K Shilo, A Chakravarti, S Sif, R Baiocchi, G Otterson, Meng Xu-Welliver. Inhibition of PRMT5 results in radiosensitization in lung cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sharma, S., Wu, X., Smith, P., Denko, N., Li, C., Lai, H., Yan, F., Shilo, K., Chakravarti, A., Sif, S., Baiocchi, R., Otterson, G., Xu-Welliver, M. Tags: Clinical Research (Excluding Clinical Trials) Source Type: research

Abstract 861: Survivin-mediated adaptive response: a risk factor for IGRT
Exposure of cells to very low doses of ionizing radiation can induce an enhanced resistance or adaptive response to a subsequent larger radiation dose as demonstrated by an increase in cell survival. Expression of a radio-adaptive response has been attributed to pro-survival signaling processes induced by very low radiation doses in the range of 5 to 100 mGy. The radiation-induced adaptive response is gaining considerable attention due in part to the expanding use of imaging technologies such as computerized axial tomography and portal imaging to monitor tumor response and positioning during multi-dose standard radiation t...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Grdina, D. J., Murley, J. S., Miller, R. C., Woloschak, G. E., Li, J. J., Weichselbaum, R. R. Tags: Clinical Research (Excluding Clinical Trials) Source Type: research

Abstract 2270: TRAIL-TZD combinatorial treatment induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells through modulation of AMPK signaling pathway
In this study we determined AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as a potential target for TRAIL-TZD-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. AMPK is a family of serine/threonine protein kinase and is highly conserved from yeast to human. It consists of three subunits: a catalytic α subunit and regulatory β and γ subunits. AMPK is a well-accepted target for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes. We used C42-DN (stably overexpressing AMPK α1-dominant negative) and C42-EV (empty vector) prostate cancer cell lines to study differences in TRAIL-TZD-induced apoptosis. Our studies showed a dose dependent ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Santha, S., Majumdar, S., Viswakarma, N., Rana, A., Rana, B. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 1031: Blockade of radiation-induced neuropilin-1 in glioblastoma cells impairs migration of endothelial cells
In this study, we show that the IR-induced NRP-1 role in the VEGFR-2 mediated signaling cascade promotes migration of endothelial cells. We observed that IR (8Gy) significantly elevated levels of VEGF and NRP-1 expression in 4910 and 5310 human GBM xenograft cells. Endothelial cells cultured on tumor- conditioned media from IR induced xenograft cells showed a significant increase in migration of endothelial cells; whereas, conditioned medium (CM) from NRP-1 knockdown xenograft cells inhibited IR-induced migration effects in endothelial cells. Further, CM from NRP-1 inhibited cells downregulated IR-induced expression of VEG...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Maddirela, D. R., Kesanakurti, D., Gogineni, V. R., Chetty, C. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research