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4.8% sevoflurane induces activation of autophagy in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway
Neurotoxicology. 2022 Apr 23:S0161-813X(22)00056-0. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.04.008. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTProlonged sevoflurane exposure leads to neurotoxicity. Autophagy plays an important role in promoting cell survival in different conditions. However, the role and mechanism of autophagy in sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity were not fully elucidated. We attempted to indicate whether sevoflurane could activate the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)-mediated autophagy to attenuate anesthetics-induced neuronal injury in this study. Sevoflurane treatment significantly decrea...
Source: Neurotoxicology - April 26, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Jingjing Lv Hao Cheng Weidong Yao Can Liu Yongquan Chen Xiaoju Jin Zeyong Yang Yuanhai Li Source Type: research

lncRNA BDNF-AS Attenuates Propofol-Induced Apoptosis in HT22 Cells by Modulating the BDNF/TrkB Pathway
This study aimed to investigate the involvement of BDNF-AS in propofol-induced apoptosis in HT22 cells. HT22 cells were treated with various concentrations of propofol at different time points. BDNF-AS was silenced using BDNF-AS-targeting siRNA. TrkB was antagonized by the TrkB inhibitor, ANA-12. Flow cytometry, quantitative reverse-transcription PCR, and western blotting were performed to analyze apoptosis and the expression of genes and proteins, respectively. In propofol-treated HT22 cells, BDNF-AS was upregulated, and BDNF was downregulated in a time- and dose-dependent manner. BDNF-AS downregulation mediated by siRNA ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 26, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Traditional Chinese medicine, Kami-Shoyo-San protects ketamine-induced neurotoxicity in human embryonic stem cell-differentiated neurons through activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Conclusion: Kami-Shoyo-San could protect ketamine-induced neurotoxicity, and the underlying mechanism may involve brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase B signaling pathway.
Source: NeuroReport - October 2, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research

Role of autophagy in sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in neonatal rat hippocampal cells.
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that sevoflurane may induce hippocampal neuron autophagy in primary cultured hippocampal neuronal cell and that Beclin-1 and Atg5 are involved in the process of sevoflurane-induced autophagy. Exposure of sevoflurane may not only induce autophagy of hippocampal neurons but also activate the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. Autophagy may play an important role in sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultured hippocampal neuronal cells. PMID: 29857124 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - May 29, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Xu L, Shen J, Yu L, Sun J, McQuillan PM, Hu Z, Yan M Tags: Brain Res Bull Source Type: research

Inhibition of GSK-3beta Signaling Pathway Rescues Ketamine-Induced Neurotoxicity in Neural Stem Cell-Derived Neurons
AbstractClinical application of anesthetic reagent, ketamine (Keta), may induce irreversible neurotoxicity in central nervous system. In this work, we utilized an in vitro model of neural stem cells-derived neurons (nSCNs) to evaluate the role of GSK-3 signaling pathway in Keta-induced neurotoxicity. Embryonic mouse-brain neural stem cells were differentiated into neurons in vitro. Keta (50  μM)-induced neurotoxicity in cultured nSCNs was monitored by apoptosis, immunohistochemical and western blot assays, respectively. GSK-3 signaling pathways, including GSK-3α and GSK-3β, were inhibited by siRNA in the culture. The s...
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - December 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Hypothalamic Leptin-Glutamate Interaction in the Regulation of Sympathetic Nerve Activity.
In conclusion, these studies provide evidence that within the hypothalamic nuclei, leptin-glutamate signaling regulates the sympathetic activation. This may contribute to the sympathoexcitation commonly observed in obesity-related T2D. PMID: 28845307 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Neural Plasticity - August 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Zheng H, Liu X, Li Y, Patel KP Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Elevation of Sestrin-2 expression attenuates Sevoflurane induced neurotoxicity
In this study, our results indicated that administration of Sevoflurane elevated the gene and protein expression of Sestrin-2 in a dose dependent manner in human neuroblastoma M17 cells. It was shown that silence of Sestrin-2 by small RNA interference (siRNA) ominously exacerbated the increase in intracellular ROS and reduction of SOD activity induced by Sevoflurane treatment. Notably, knockdown of Sestrin-2 in M17 cells significantly increases the number of apoptotic cells after treatment with Sevoflurane. Mechanistically, we also found that Sevoflurane treatment resulted in a reduced amount of the cytosolic anti-apoptoti...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - September 5, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research