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2,3,4',5-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O- β-D-glucoside exerts anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia by inhibiting NF-κB and activating AMPK/Nrf2 pathways.
In conclusion, we demonstrated that THSG attenuates the LPS-induced neuroinflammatory response mediated by AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathways. PMID: 27621050 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - September 8, 2016 Category: Food Science Authors: Park SY, Jin ML, Wang Z, Park G, Choi YW Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Carnosic acid alleviates chronic alcoholic liver injury by regulating the SIRT1/ChREBP and SIRT1/p66shc pathways in rats
Conclusion: CA exerted protective effects against alcoholic liver injury by activating the SIRT1/ChREBP and SIRT1/p66shc pathways, which are related to the anti‐steatosis, anti‐oxidant and anti‐apoptosis effects.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - March 31, 2016 Category: Food Science Authors: Lili Gao, Wen Shan, Wenjing Zeng, Yan Hu, Guangzhi Wang, Xiaofeng Tian, Ning Zhang, Xue Shi, Yan Zhao, Chunchun Ding, Feng Zhang, Kexin Liu, Jihong Yao Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

P21 (Waf1/Cip1) plays a critical role in furazolidone-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells through influencing the caspase-3 activation and ROS generation.
In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that p21 plays a critical role in FZD-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells through influencing the caspase-3 activation and ROS generation. PMID: 26687534 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - December 10, 2015 Category: Food Science Authors: Deng S, Tang S, Dai C, Zhou Y, Yang X, Li D, Xiao X Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Curcumin protects against fructose‐induced podocyte insulin signaling impairment through upregulation of miR‐206
ConclusionCurcumin is suggested to activate miR‐206 expression to downregulate PTP1B, and then improve insulin signaling, protect against fructose‐induced glomerular podocyte injury, and proteinuria, which may provide new evidence regarding curcumin's effects on fructose‐associated podocyte injury.
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - October 15, 2015 Category: Food Science Authors: Xiao‐Qin Ding, Ting‐Ting Gu, Wei Wang, Lin Song, Tian‐Yu Chen, Qiao‐Chu Xue, Fan Zhou, Jian‐Mei Li, Ling‐Dong Kong Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Resveratrol improves hepatic steatosis by inducing autophagy through the cAMP signaling pathway
Conclusions: RSV improved hepatic steatosis partially by inducing autophagy in vitro and in vivo, via the cAMP‐PRKA‐AMPK‐SIRT1 signaling pathway, which provides new evidence regarding RSV's effects on NAFLD treatmentThis article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - May 5, 2015 Category: Food Science Authors: Yong Zhang, Ming‐liang Chen, Yong Zhou, Long Yi, Yan‐xiang Gao, Li Ran, Shi‐hui Chen, Ting Zhang, Xi Zhou, Dan Zou, Bin Wu, Ying Wu, Hui Chang, Jun‐dong Zhu, Qian‐yong Zhang, Man‐tian Mi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Citrus nobiletin ameliorates experimental colitis by reducing inflammation and restoring impaired intestinal barrier function
Conclusion: Nobiletin exerted anti‐inflammatory effects in TNBS‐induced colitis through the down‐regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2) expression. Nobiletin restored barrier function, which had been damaged after TNBS administration, through the inhibition of the Akt–NF‐κB–MLCK pathway.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - February 1, 2015 Category: Food Science Authors: Yongjian Xiong, Dapeng Chen, Changchun Yu, Bochao Lv, Jinyong Peng, Jingyu Wang, Yuan Lin Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Sulforaphane suppresses cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting GATA4/GATA6 expression and MAPK signaling pathways
Conclusion: These results suggest that sulforaphane has the potential to prevent cardiac hypertrophy by down‐regulating GATA4/6 and MAPK signaling pathways.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - October 1, 2014 Category: Food Science Authors: Hae Jin Kee, Gwi Ran Kim, In Kyeom Kim, Myung Ho Jeong Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Salmon and king crab trypsin stimulate interleukin-8 and matrix metalloproteinases via protease-activated receptor-2 in the skin keratinocytic HaCaT cell line.
In this study we investigate the role of salmon (Salmo salar) and king crab trypsin (Paralithodes camtschaticus) as inducers of inflammation in skin via secretion of inflammatory mediators. Human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) were exposed to purified salmon and king crab trypsin. We observed that salmon trypsin enhanced the secretion of IL-8 and MMP-2 and crab trypsin enhanced the secretion of IL-8, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in a dose dependent manner. As protease activated receptors (PAR)-2 in skin are known to play an important role in physiology and pathology, we explored the involvement of in mediating the release of interleu...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - April 29, 2014 Category: Food Science Authors: Bhagwat SS, Larsen AK, Winberg JO, Seternes OM, Bang B Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Chk1, but not Chk2, is responsible for G2/M phase arrest induced by diallyl disulfide in human gastric cancer BGC823 cells.
Abstract Diallyl disulfide (DADS) has been shown to cause G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in several human cancers. Here we demonstrate a mechanism by which DADS induces G2/M phase arrest in BGC823 human gastric cancer cells via Chk1. From cell cycle gene array results, we next confirmed that cyclin B1 expression was decreased by DADS, while the expression of p21, GADD45α and p53 were increased. Despite the lack of change in Chk1 gene expression in response to DADS according to the array analysis, intriguingly overexpression of Chk1, but not Chk2, exhibited increased accumulation in G2/M phase. Moreover, overexpress...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - March 17, 2014 Category: Food Science Authors: Bo S, Hui H, Li W, Hui L, Hong X, Lin D, Wen-Xiang D, You-Hua W, Xiao-Hong A, Hao J, Qi S Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Modulation of Atg5 Expression by Globular Adiponectin Contributes to Autophagy Flux and Suppression of Ethanol-Induced Cell Death in Liver Cells.
Abstract Globular adiponectin (gAcrp) protects liver cells from ethanol-induced apoptosis via induction of autophagy. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The present study aims to investigate the potential role of autophagy-related protein 5 (Atg5), an essential Atg for the elongation of autophagosomes, in suppression of ethanol-induced cytotoxicity by gAcrp. Here, we demonstrated that suppression of Atg5 expression by ethanol was restored by pretreatment with gAcrp both in primary rat hepatocytes and human hepatoma cell line (HepG2). Moreover, ethanol-induced accumulation of p62 (sequestosome1), a mar...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - February 26, 2014 Category: Food Science Authors: Nepal S, Kim MJ, Lee ES, Kim JA, Choi DY, Sohn DH, Lee SH, Song K, Kim SH, Jeong GS, Jeong TC, Park PH Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

α-Mangostin-induced apoptosis is mediated by estrogen receptor α in human breast cancer cells.
In this study, we evaluated the effects of α-mangostin on cell growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 ERα-positive human breast cancer cells. Our results showed that α-mangostin inhibited MCF-7 cell proliferation whereas ERα-negative MDA-MB-231 cells were less sensitive to the agent. Additionally, α-mangostin effectively induced apoptosis as evidenced by the appearance of apoptotic nuclei observed with Hoechst 33258 staining and evaluation of sub-G1 DNA contents by flow cytometry. α-Mangostin also activated caspases-8, -9, and -7; increased the protein levels of Bax, p53, and cytosolic cytochrome c; an...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - January 28, 2014 Category: Food Science Authors: Won YS, Lee JH, Kwon SJ, Kim JY, Park KH, Lee MK, Seo KI Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Icaritin attenuates cigarette smoke-mediated oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells via activation of PI3K-AKT and Nrf2 signaling.
Abstract Icaritin is the major active ingredient of Herba Epimedii. Icaritin (ICT) is a hydrolytic product of Icariin. In the present study, we investigated the protective role of ICT against cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-mediated oxidative stress in human lung epithelial A549 cells. As demonstrated by the WST-8 assay, exposure to CSE (2.5%, 5%, and 10%) reduced the cell viability of A549 cells (84%, 64% and 53%) in a dose-dependent manner and treatment with ICT 10μM dramatically attenuated CSE induced cytotoxicity (73% and 64%). The MFI data suggested that CSE induced oxidative stress by generating ROS (230) and...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - December 8, 2013 Category: Food Science Authors: Wu J, Xu H, Wong PF, Xia S, Xu J, Dong J Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Resveratrol contributes to chemosensitivity of malignant mesothelioma cells with activation of p53.
Abstract Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenolic phytoalexin with chemopreventive properties. We previously reported a synergistic anti-proliferative effect of resveratrol and clofarabine against malignant mesothelioma (MM) cells. Here, we further investigated molecular mechanisms involved in the synergistic interaction of these compounds in MM MSTO-211H cells. Resveratrol, in combination with clofarabine, time-dependently induced a strong cytotoxic effect with the nuclear accumulation of phospho-p53 (p-p53) in MSTO-211H cells, but not in normal mesothelial MeT-5A cells. Combination treatment up-regulate...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - November 14, 2013 Category: Food Science Authors: Lee YJ, Park IS, Lee YJ, Shim JH, Cho MK, Nam HS, Park JW, Oh MH, Lee SH Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Rubus idaeus L. Reverses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Suppresses Cell Invasion and Protease Activities by Targeting ERK1/2 and FAK Pathways in Human Lung Cancer Cells.
Abstract Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been considered essential for cancer metastasis, a multistep complicated process including local invasion, intravasation, extravasation, and proliferation at distant sites. Herein we provided molecular evidence associated with the antimetastatic effect of Rubus idaeus L. extracts (RIE) by showing a nearly complete inhibition on the invasion (p < 0.001) of highly metastatic A549 cells via reduced activities of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and urokinasetype plasminogen activator (u-PA). We performed Western blot to find that RIE could induce up-regulat...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - October 23, 2013 Category: Food Science Authors: Hsieh YS, Chu SC, Hsu LS, Chen KS, Lai MT, Yeh CH, Chen PN Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Galangin inhibits proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Abstract Prolonged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress may activate apoptotic pathways in cancer cells. It is suggested that ER stress has the potential of enhancing tumor death in cancer therapy. Galangin, a flavonol derived from Alpinia officinarum Hance, has been shown to suppress the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC). The aim of this study was to determine whether galangin was able to induce ER stress in HepG2, Hep3B and PLC/PRF/5 cells. The proliferation of HCC was tested by MTT method. Intracellular Ca(2+) levels were measured with Fluo3-AM.The proteins levels of GRP94, GRP78 and CHOP were ...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - October 22, 2013 Category: Food Science Authors: Su L, Chen X, Wu J, Lin B, Zhang H, Lan L, Luo H Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

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