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Source: European Respiratory Journal

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Total 164 results found since Jan 2013.

Role and regulation of Jumonji C domain-containing histone demethylases 1A and 2B in pulmonary hypertension
In conclusion, our results suggest that JMJDs are regulated in PH vasculature and play an important role in PH pathogenesis.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Muecke, C., Dabral, S., Seeger, W., Pullamsetti, S. S. Tags: 4.3 Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases Source Type: research

LSC Abstract - Histone deacetylase 7 mediated metabolic remodeling: A new crosslink between pulmonary hypertension and cancer
Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) patients and several PH animal models are characterized by suppressed mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and hyperpolarization. Similarly to lung cancer (LC) cells, PH-PASMCs have reduced glucose oxidation and increased cytoplasmic glycolysis. Protein acetylation and its enzymes such as histone deacetylases (HDACs) may play a role in the control of metabolism.We assessed the regulation of Class IIa HDACs (HDAC4, 5, 7 and 9) in human and experimental models of PH and lung cancer. By using primary culture of healthy (control-PASMCs), idiopathic de...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gamen, E., Chelladurai, P., Grimminger, F., Savai, R., Seeger, W., Savai Pullamsetti, S. Tags: 4.3 Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases Source Type: research

LATE-BREAKING ABSTRACT: MUC1 downregulation induces corticosteroid resistance in asthma's in vitro and in vivo models
Conclusion: MUC1 downregulation may lack the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids in Asthma.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Morell, A., Bel, E., Milara, J., Morcillo, E., Cortijo, J. Tags: 5.1 Airway Pharmacology and Treatment Source Type: research

Rhinovirus-induced IL-33 expression in asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells is TLR3-dependent and involves activation of TAK1
Conclusions: Our data suggest that TLR3 mediates RV-induced IL-33 expression in asthmatic ASMC, possibly via TAK1 and the MAPKs/AP-1 pathway. These findings provide new understanding of how a potential therapeutic target, IL-33, is regulated in human airway cells during RV-induced asthma exacerbations.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Calven, J., Akbarshahi, H., Ramu, S., Michaeloudes, C., Chung, K. F., Uller, L. Tags: 3.2 Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research

Involvement of ferroptosis in COPD pathogenesis
Conclusion: These findings suggest that CS-induced ferroptosis of HBEC is involved in COPD pathogenesis and can be a promising therapeutic target of COPD.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yoshida, M., Minagawa, S., Araya, J., Hara, H., Saito, N., Sato, N., Tsubouchi, K., Kurita, Y., Kobayashi, K., Ito, S., Numata, T., Kaneko, Y., Nakayama, K., Kuwano, K. Tags: 3.2 Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research

Egr-1 regulates muc5ac expression through activator protein-1 (AP-1) in chronic airway inflammation diseases
Conclusions: Our research indicated that mucus might be initiated by Egr-1 and regulated by Egr-1/AP-1 axis in airway epithelial cellsand this might be a pathogenic mechanism of mucus hyper-secretion in chronic airway inflammation diseases.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Zhang, C., Wu, Y.-P., Cao, J.-F., Zhao, Y., Chen, Z.-H., Shen, H.-H. Tags: 3.2 Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research

LSC Abstract - Regulation of regulatory T cell (Treg) function by cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) and upstream microRNAs
Conclusion: The Creb/Crtc-pathway is activated in nTregs and in iTregs. Creb knockdown by siRNA or miR-17 & -21 reduced iTreg formation and might influence Treg function. A dysregulation of this pathway might contribute to chronic inflammatory diseases.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Bartel, S., Kästle, M., Noessner, E., Eickelberg, O., Krauss-Etschmann, S. Tags: 3.2 Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research

The AMPK-TSC1/2-mTOR signaling pathway regulates cigarette smoking-induced inflammation and apoptosis in airway epithelial cells
Conclusion: mTOR signaling pathway plays an important role in CS–induced airway inflammation and apoptosis, eventually participating in COPD.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Liu, J., Li, W., Ying, S., Shen, H., Chen, Z. Tags: 6.3 Tobacco, Smoking Control and Health Education Source Type: research

Prostaglandin E2 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation through EP4 receptor and intracellular cAMP in human macrophages
Prostaglandin E2 is a potent lipid mediator involved in maintaining homeostasis but also promotion of acute inflammation or immune suppression. NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in host defense. Uncontrolled activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, due to mutations in the NLRP3 gene causes cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS). Here, we showed that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is inhibited by PGE2 in human macrophages. This effect was mediated through prostaglandin E receptor 4 (EP4) and an increase in intracellular cAMP, independently of protein kinase A (PKA) or exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Ep...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sokolowska, M., Chen, L.-Y., Liu, Y., Martinez-Anton, A., Qi, H.-Y., Logun, C., Alsaaty, S., Park, Y. H., Kastner, D. L., Chae, J. J., Shelhamer, J. H. Tags: 3.2 Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research

NLRP3 inflammasome is activated via phosphoinositide 3-kinase {delta} pathway in Aspergillus fumigatus-induced allergic airway inflammation
In this study, we focused on an association of NLRP3 inflammasome activation with PI3K- signaling in Aspergillus fumigatus (Af)-induced allergic lung inflammation. Using Af-exposed in vivo and in vitro experimental systems, we have investigated the role of PI3K- in the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the pathogenesis of fungus-induced allergic lung inflammation.The protein expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1bin lungs was significantly increased after the challenge in Af-sensitized and -challenged mice. Protein expression of NLRP3 and caspase-1 was also remarkably elevated in Af-stimulated cultured trach...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lee, Y. C., Kim, S. R., Lee, K. B., Park, H. J., Jeong, J. S. Tags: 5.3 Allergy and Immunology Source Type: research

Inhibition of the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on lung cancer cells. The use of plasmids encoding specific siRNA molecules
Conclusions: The inhibition of EGF system blockade with siRNA technique appears to be more effective strategy in cancer treatment in vitro, as compared to erlotinib, since this effect is probably EGFR gene mutation-independent. However, we have not definitively proved if it resulted in increased tumor cell immunogenicity.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gawronski, M., Kopinski, P., Jankowski, M., Goede, A., Szpechcinski, A., Chorostowska, J. Tags: 11.1 Lung Cancer Source Type: research

Role of protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) in mediating corticosteroid insensitivity in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells in severe asthma
Although the mechanisms mediating corticosteroid resistance in severe asthma are still unknown, recent evidence suggests ASM cells isolated from patients with severe asthma have a decreased insensitivity to dexamethasone (Dex) with respect to the inhibition of chemokine production. Here we investigated whether this corticosteroid insensitivity seen in ASM from severe asthmatics was due to an abnormal GR signalling pathway. We here observed that production of CCL5 and CCL11 by TNF in ASM cells from severe asthmatics (compared to healthy subjects and nonsevere asthma) was not affected by Dex or fluticasone (FP) pretreatment....
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chachi, L., Abbasian, M., Gavrila, A., Tliba, O., Brightling, C., Amrani, Y. Tags: 3.2 Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research

Compound A modulates steroid insensitive chemokines in airway smooth muscle cells via IRF-1 dependent and independent pathways
In conclusion, CpdA suppresses production of GC-resistant chemokines via IRF-1 dependent and independent mechanisms.Targeting CpdA sensitive pathways in ASM cells represents an alternative therapeutic approach for GC insensitivity treatment in asthma.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gavrila, A., Chachi, L., Tliba, O., Brightling, C., Amrani, Y. Tags: 5.1 Airway Pharmacology and Treatment Source Type: research

LATE-BREAKING ABSTRACT: CFIm25 links alternative polyadenylation to pulmonary hypertension
In conclusion, we have identified a novel mechanism that may regulate expression of several genes associated with PH that could be exploited therapeutically.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Weng, T., Chen, N.-Y., Blackburn, M., Wagner, E., Karmouty Quintana, H. Tags: 4.3 Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Vascular Disease Source Type: research

The role of hypoxia and the circadian rhythm in sleep apnoea
Conclusion: Hypoxia in OSA causes an increase of HIF-1α which in turn disrupts the circadian rhythm in vitro. This pathway might be a potential target in tackling sleep apnoea.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Jaspers, T., Morrell, M., Simonds, A., Adcock, I., Durham, A. Tags: 4.2 Sleep and Control of Breathing Source Type: research