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Contribution of adipocyte Na/K-ATPase α1/CD36 signaling induced exosome secretion in response to oxidized LDL
DISCUSSION: In this work, we report that CD36, a scavenger receptor for oxidized LDL, formed a signaling complex with another membrane signal transducer Na/K-ATPase in adipocytes. The atherogenic oxidized LDL induced a pro-inflammatory response in in vitro differentiated mouse and human adipocytes and also stimulated the cells to secrete more exosomes. This was largely blocked by either CD36 knockdown using siRNA or pNaKtide, a peptide inhibitor of Na/K-ATPase signaling. These results showed a critical role of the CD36/Na/K-ATPase signaling complex in oxidized LDL-induced adipocyte exosome secretion. Moreover, by co-incuba...
Source: Atherosclerosis - May 14, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sneha S Pillai Duane G Pereira Jue Zhang Wenxin Huang Mirza Ahmar Beg Darcy A Knaack Bruno de Souza Goncalves Daisy Sahoo Roy L Silverstein Joseph I Shapiro Komal Sodhi Yiliang Chen Source Type: research

Activation of the hypoxaia response pathway protects against age-induced cardiac hypertrophy
CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that activation of the hypoxia response pathway upregulates Notch signaling and its target Hey2 resulting in transcriptional repression of hypertrophy-associated genes and less cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. This is eventually associated with better preserved cardiac function upon aging. Activation of the hypoxia response pathway thus has therapeutic potential for combating age-induced cardiac hypertrophy.PMID:34919895 | DOI:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.003
Source: Atherosclerosis - December 17, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tapio R öning Johanna Magga Anna Laitakari Riikka Halmetoja Joona Tapio Elitsa Y Dimova Zoltan Szabo Lea Rahtu-Korpela Anna Kemppi Gail Walkinshaw Johanna Myllyharju Risto Kerkel ä Peppi Koivunen Raisa Serpi Source Type: research

Rab27a Regulates Human Perivascular Adipose Progenitor Cell Differentiation
ConclusionsPVAT-APC from CABG donors express common adipocyte progenitor markers and differentiate into UCP1-containing adipocytes. Rab27a has an endogenous role in promoting the maturation of adipocytes from human PVAT-derived APC.
Source: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - August 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Role of cannabinoid receptor type 1 in rostral ventrolateral medulla in high-fat diet-induced hypertension in rats
Conclusion: Taken together, our results suggested that enhanced CB1 receptor-mediated neurotransmissions in the RVLM may play a role in the development of obesity-induced hypertension.
Source: Journal of Hypertension - March 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Obesity Source Type: research

A Novel Adipokine, FAM19A5, Inhibits Postinjury Neointima Formation through Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2.
Conclusions -We revealed that a novel adipokine, FAM19A5, was capable of inhibiting postinjury neointima formation via S1PR2-G12/13-RhoA signaling. Downregulation of FAM19A5 during obesity may trigger cardiometabolic diseases. PMID: 29453251 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - February 16, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wang Y, Chen D, Zhang Y, Wang P, Zheng C, Zhang S, Yu B, Zhang L, Zhao G, Ma B, Cai Z, Xie N, Huang S, Liu Z, Mo X, Guan Y, Wang X, Fu Y, Ma D, Wang Y, Kong W Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Targeted Deletion of Adipocyte Abca1 (ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1) Impairs Diet-Induced Obesity.
CONCLUSIONS: Adipocyte Abca1 is a key regulator of adipocyte lipogenesis and lipid accretion, likely because of increased adipose tissue membrane cholesterol, resulting in decreased activation of lipogenic transcription factors PPARγ and SREBP1. PMID: 29348118 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - January 18, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Cuffe H, Liu M, Key CC, Boudyguina E, Sawyer JK, Weckerle A, Bashore A, Fried SK, Chung S, Parks JS Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research

Microvascular Adaptations to Exercise: Protective Effect of PGC-1 Alpha.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the microvascular adaptations to exercise training, and the exercise-induced protection against acute vascular stress in overweight/obese subjects, are mediated by PGC-1α. PMID: 29140431 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Hypertension - November 11, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kadlec AO, Barnes C, Durand MJ, Gutterman DD Tags: Am J Hypertens Source Type: research

Adipocyte (Pro)Renin-Receptor Deficiency Induces Lipodystrophy, Liver Steatosis and Increases Blood Pressure in Male Mice Prorenin Receptor
We report a unique model of adipocyte-PRR–deficient mice (PRRAdi/Y) with almost no detectable white adipose tissues. As a consequence, the livers of PRRAdi/Y mice were enlarged and demonstrated a marked accumulation of lipids. Adipocyte-specific deficiency of PRR increased systolic blood pressure and the concentration of soluble PRR in plasma. To determine whether adipocyte-PRR was involved in the development of obesity-induced hypertension, mice were fed a low-fat or a high-fat diet for 16 weeks. Adipocyte-PRR–deficient mice were resistant to diet-induced obesity. Both high-fat– and low-fat–fed PRR...
Source: Hypertension - June 7, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wu, C.-H., Mohammadmoradi, S., Thompson, J., Su, W., Gong, M., Nguyen, G., Yiannikouris, F. Tags: ACE/Angiotensin Receptors/Renin Angiotensin System, High Blood Pressure, Hypertension Prorenin Receptor Source Type: research

Eicosapentaenoic acid suppresses palmitate-induced cytokine production by modulating long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 expression in human THP-1 macrophages
Conclusion: The suppressive effects of EPA on palmitate-induced cytokine production may be mediated by the suppression of ACSL1 expression, at least partly. This anti-inflammatory effect of EPA may contribute to suppression of chronic inflammation caused by macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques.Highlights: ► EPA markedly suppressed palmitate-induced inflammation in THP-1 macrophages. ► EPA weakly suppressed LPS-induced inflammation in THP-1 macrophages. ► Palmitate up-regulated expression of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1). ► The inhibitor and siRNA for ACSL1 suppressed palmitate-induced inflammation. ►...
Source: Atherosclerosis - February 21, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Masanori Nakakuki, Hiroyuki Kawano, Tatsuto Notsu, Kazunori Imada Tags: Metabolism: Lipids, Lipoprotein, Carbohydrates, Homocysteine, Cholesterol Source Type: research