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Condition: Metabolic Syndrome

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Total 67 results found since Jan 2013.

Treatment of the metabolic syndrome by siRNA targeting apolipoprotein CIII
AbstractApolipoprotein CIII (apoCIII) is increased in obesity-induced insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes. Emerging evidences support the advantages of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to target disease-causing genes. The aim of this study was to develop siRNAs for in vivo silencing of apoCIII and investigate if this results in metabolic improvements comparable to what we have seen using antisense oligonucelotides against apoCIII. Twenty-four siRNAs were synthesized and tested in a dual luciferase reporter assay. The eight best were selected, based on knockdown at 20  nM, and of these, two were selected based on IC50 v...
Source: BioFactors - August 31, 2022 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Patricia Recio ‐López, Ismael Valladolid‐Acebes, Philipp Hadwiger, Markus Hossbach, Monika Krampert, Carla Prata, Per‐Olof Berggren, Lisa Juntti‐Berggren Tags: RESEARCH COMMUNICATION Source Type: research

Tangshen Formula Alleviates Hepatic Steatosis by Inducing Autophagy Through the AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway
Conclusion In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that autophagy was involved in relieving the effects of TSF against NAFLD, which were mediated by the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway (Figure 7D). These findings may improve our current understanding of the role of TSF in treating hepatic steatosis and provide an experimental basis for the clinical application of TSF in NAFLD and its related metabolic syndrome. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. The protocol was approved by the Ethics Co...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Lipopolysaccharide promoted proliferation and adipogenesis of preadipocytes through JAK/STAT and AMPK-regulated cPLA2 expression.
Authors: Chang CC, Sia KC, Chang JF, Lin CM, Yang CM, Huang KY, Lin WN Abstract The proliferation and adipogenesis of preadipocytes played important roles in the development of adipose tissue and contributed much to the processes of obesity. On the other hand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also known as endotoxin, is a key outer membrane component of gram-negative bacteria in the gut microbiota, and has a dominant role in linking inflammation to high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Studies suggested the potential roles of LPS in hepatic steatosis and in obese mice models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlyi...
Source: International Journal of Medical Sciences - January 22, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Int J Med Sci Source Type: research

GSK-3β promotes PA-induced apoptosis through changing β-arrestin 2 nucleus location in H9c2 cardiomyocytes
Abstract Palmitic acid (PA), a type of saturated fatty acids, induces cardiovascular diseases by causing cardiomyocyte apoptosis with unclear mechanisms. Akt participates in PA-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. GSK-3β is a substrate of Akt, we investigated its role in PA-induced apoptosis. We reveal that PA inhibits GSK-3β phosphorylation accompanied by inactivation of Akt in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. We also reveal that inhibition the activity of GSK-3β by its inhibitor LiCl or knockdown by siRNA significantly attenuates PA-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, this suggesting that GSK-3β plays a pro-apoptotic role. To ...
Source: Apoptosis - July 17, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

GSK-3 β promotes PA-induced apoptosis through changing β-arrestin 2 nucleus location in H9c2 cardiomyocytes
Abstract Palmitic acid (PA), a type of saturated fatty acids, induces cardiovascular diseases by causing cardiomyocyte apoptosis with unclear mechanisms. Akt participates in PA-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. GSK-3 β is a substrate of Akt, we investigated its role in PA-induced apoptosis. We reveal that PA inhibits GSK-3β phosphorylation accompanied by inactivation of Akt in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. We also reveal that inhibition the activity of GSK-3β by its inhibitor LiCl or knockdown by siRNA significantly a ttenuates PA-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, this suggesting that GSK-3β plays a pro-apoptotic role. To detect...
Source: Apoptosis - July 17, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Silencing of GPR82 with Interference RNA Improved Metabolic Profiles in Rats with High Fructose Intake
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical condition, constituted by alterations that lead to the onset of type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. It has been reported that orphan G-protein-coupled receptor 82 (GPR82) participates in metabolic processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the  function of GPR82 in MS using a small interfering RNA (siRNA) against this receptor. We used Wistar rats of 10–12 weeks of age fed with a high-fructose solution (70%) for 9 weeks to induce MS. Subsequently, the rats were treated with an intrajugular dose of an siRNA against GPR82 and the effects were evaluated on day 3 and 7 af...
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - July 2, 2019 Category: Research Source Type: research

Resistin affects lipid metabolism during adipocyte maturation of 3T3‐L1 cells
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: FEBS Journal - September 5, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Yoshito Ikeda, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Susumu Hama, Kazuaki Kajimoto, Kentaro Kogure Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Omentin-1, a new adipokine, promotes apoptosis through regulating Sirt1-dependent p53 deacetylation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
In this study, we studied the influence of omentin-1 on two types of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells: HepG2 and HuH-7 cells. Cell viability assay showed that omentin-1 (1 and 2μg/ml) significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and HuH-7 cells. Both annexin+PI staining and TUNEL assay showed that omentin-1 induced apoptosis in these cells. Moreover, omentin-1 treatment upregulated protein levels of p53 and p21, a main transcriptional target of p53. Interestingly, omentin-1 did not affect p53 mRNA level. Further mechanism study showed that omentin-1 upregulated p53 protein level through decreasing p53 deacetylat...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - January 5, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zhang YY, Zhou LM Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Cullin7: a new gene involved in liver carcinogenesis related to metabolic syndrome
Conclusions This study demonstrates specific genomic alterations in HCC/MS and points to CUL7 as a novel gene potentially involved in liver carcinogenesis associated with MS, the amplification of which might influence cell proliferation.
Source: Gut - April 30, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Paradis, V., Albuquerque, M., Mebarki, M., Hernandez, L., Zalinski, S., Quentin, S., Belghiti, J., Soulier, J., Bedossa, P. Tags: Hepatic cancer Hepatology Source Type: research

HMGCoA reductase inhibition reverses myocardial fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction through AMP-activated protein kinase activation in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome
Conclusion In this model of MS, statin treatment reverses myocardial remodelling and improves ventricular relaxation through AMPK-mediated anti-fibrotic effects.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - June 20, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hermida, N., Markl, A., Hamelet, J., Van Assche, T., Vanderper, A., Herijgers, P., van Bilsen, M., Hilfiker-Kleiner, D., Noppe, G., Beauloye, C., Horman, S., Balligand, J.-L. Tags: Cardiac biology and remodelling Source Type: research

ETC-1002 regulates immune response, leukocyte homing, and adipose tissue inflammation via LKB1-dependent activation of macrophage AMPK Research Articles
ETC-1002 is an investigational drug currently in Phase 2 development for treatment of dyslipidemia and other cardiometabolic risk factors. In dyslipidemic subjects, ETC-1002 not only reduces plasma LDL cholesterol but also significantly attenuates levels of hsCRP, a clinical biomarker of inflammation. Anti-inflammatory properties of ETC-1002 were further investigated in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages and in in vivo models of inflammation. In cells treated with ETC-1002, increased levels of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation coincided with reduced activity of MAP kinases and decreased production...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - July 10, 2013 Category: Lipidology Authors: Filippov, S., Pinkosky, S. L., Lister, R. J., Pawloski, C., Hanselman, J. C., Cramer, C. T., Srivastava, R. A. K., Hurley, T. R., Bradshaw, C. D., Spahr, M. A., Newton, R. S. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Resistin regulates the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
In this study, to clarify the relationship between expression of resistin and PAI-1, PAI-1 expression in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes was measured after transfection with anti-resistin siRNA. We found that PAI-1 gene expression and secreted PAI-1 protein were significantly decreased by resistin knockdown. Furthermore, phosphorylation of Akt, which can inhibit PAI-1 expression, was accelerated and the activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) was suppressed in resistin knockdown 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, the expression of glucose transporter type 4, a ChREBP target gene, was reduced and was associated with inhibit...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - March 22, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ikeda Y, Tsuchiya H, Hama S, Kajimoto K, Kogure K Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

KLF14 and SK1 Lipid Signaling DNA and Chromosomes
In this study, we identified SK1 as a target of the canonical FGF2/FGF receptor 1 activation pathway in endothelial cells and sought to identify novel transcriptional pathways that mediate lipid signaling. Studies using the 1.9-kb SK1 promoter and deletion mutants revealed that basal and FGF2-stimulated promoter activity occurred through two GC-rich regions located within 633 bp of the transcription start site. Screening for GC-rich binding transcription factors that could activate this site demonstrated that KLF14, a gene implicated in obesity and the metabolic syndrome, binds to this region. Congruently, overexpression o...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - May 30, 2014 Category: Chemistry Authors: de Assuncao, T. M., Lomberk, G., Cao, S., Yaqoob, U., Mathison, A., Simonetto, D. A., Huebert, R. C., Urrutia, R. A., Shah, V. H. Tags: Gene Regulation Source Type: research

Insulin, NF-{kappa}B, and Myocardin Signaling in Cardiac Myoblasts Signal Transduction
Hyperinsulinemia contributes to cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in patients with the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Here, high circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α may synergize with insulin in signaling inflammation and cardiac hypertrophy. We tested whether high insulin affects activation of TNF-α-induced NF-κB and myocardin/serum response factor (SRF) to convey hypertrophy signaling in cardiac myoblasts. In canine cardiac myoblasts, treatment with high insulin (10−8 to 10−7 m) for 0–24 h increased insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 phosphorylation at Ser-307, decreased protein leve...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - July 10, 2014 Category: Chemistry Authors: Madonna, R., Geng, Y.-J., Bolli, R., Rokosh, G., Ferdinandy, P., Patterson, C., De Caterina, R. Tags: Gene Regulation Source Type: research