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ILK silencing inhibits migration and invasion of more invasive glioblastoma cells by downregulating ROCK1 and Fascin-1.
In this study, we used two brain cell lines, the non-invasive neuroglioma H4 cells, and the highly invasive glioblastoma A172 cells, which express ILK in much higher levels than H4. We studied the effect of ILK silencing on the metastatic behavior of glioblastoma cells in vitro and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. We showed that siRNA-mediated silencing of ILK inhibits cell migration and invasion of the highly invasive A172 cells while it does not affect the migratory and invasive capacity of H4 cells. These data were also supported by respective changes in the expression of Rho-associated kinase 1 (ROCK1), fa...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - June 5, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Louca M, Zaravinos A, Stylianopoulos T, Gkretsi V Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research

The proton-coupled oligopeptide transporters PEPT2, PHT1 and PHT2 mediate the uptake of carnosine in glioblastoma cells.
In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the transporters PEPT2, PHT1, and PHT2 are responsible for the uptake of carnosine into glioblastoma cells and full function of all three transporters is required for maximum uptake. PMID: 31073693 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Amino Acids - May 8, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Oppermann H, Heinrich M, Birkemeyer C, Meixensberger J, Gaunitz F Tags: Amino Acids Source Type: research

Silver nanoparticle-induced hormesis of astroglioma cells: A Mu-2-related death-inducing protein-orchestrated modus operandi.
In this study, we investigated whether silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) induce hormesis in astroglioma cells and the possible involvement of MuD in AgNP-induced hormesis. AgNPs exhibited cytotoxic effects on cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and increased MuD expression was observed during AgNP-induced astroglioma hormesis. Studies using MuD-knockout cells and MuD siRNA transfection showed that MuD might influence cell viability upon AgNP treatment. In addition, apoptotic cell population and production of reactive oxygen species in the absence of MuD were significantly increased. The phosphorylation of two mitogen-...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - June 2, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Choi JH, Min WK, Gopal J, Lee YM, Muthu M, Chun S, Oh JW Tags: Int J Biol Macromol Source Type: research

Retinoic acid promotes stem cell differentiation and embryonic development by transcriptionally activating CFTR.
Abstract Retinoic acid (RA) plays a pivotal role in many cellular processes; however, the signaling mechanisms mediating the effect of RA are not fully understood. Here, we show that RA transcriptionally upregulates cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (Cftr) by promoting the direct binding of its receptor RARα to Cftr promoter in mouse spermatogonia and embryonic stem (ES) cells. The RA/CFTR pathway is involved in the differentiation of spermatogonia and organogenesis during the embryo development of Xenopus laevis. Loss of CFTR by siRNA-mediated knockdown blunts the RA-induced spermatogonial diff...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - January 8, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Li X, Fok KL, Guo J, Wang Y, Liu Z, Chen Z, Wang C, Ruan YC, Yu SS, Zhao H, Wu J, Jiang X, Chan HC Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Frequent Nek1 overexpression in human gliomas.
Abstract Never in mitosis A (NIMA)-related kinase 1 (Nek1) regulates cell cycle progression to mitosis. Its expression and potential functions in human gliomas have not been studied. Here, our immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay and Western blot assay results showed that Nek1 expression was significantly upregulated in fresh and paraffin-embedded human glioma tissues. Its level in normal brain tissues was low. Nek1 overexpression in human gliomas was correlated with the proliferation marker (Ki-67), tumor grade, Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) and more importantly, patients' poor survival. Further studies showed th...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - May 28, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhu J, Cai Y, Liu P, Zhao W Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Definition of a serum marker panel for glioblastoma discrimination and identification of Interleukin 1β in the microglial secretome as a novel mediator of endothelial cell survival induced by C-Reactive Protein.
This study, besides defining a serum panel for glioblastoma discrimination, identified IL1β as a potential candidate for developing targeted therapy. PMID: 26232108 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Proteomics - July 28, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nijaguna MB, Schröder C, Patil V, Sd S, Hegde AS, Chandramouli BA, Arivazhagan A, Santosh V, Hoheisel JD, Somasundaram K Tags: J Proteomics Source Type: research

miR-25 promotes glioblastoma cell proliferation and invasion by directly targeting NEFL.
In this study, we demonstrated that miR-25 was significantly up-regulated in astrocytoma tissues and glioblastoma cell lines. In vitro studies further demonstrated that overexpressed miR-25 was able to promote, while its antisense oligos inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in U251 cells. Moreover, we identified neurofilament light polypeptide (NEFL) as a novel target molecule of miR-25. Also of note was the fact that NEFL was down-regulated with increased levels of miR-25 expression in human astrocytoma clinical specimens. In addition, via the mTOR signaling pathway, NEFL-siRNA could significantly attenuate the inhib...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - July 26, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Peng G, Yuan X, Yuan J, Liu Q, Dai M, Shen C, Ma J, Liao Y, Jiang W Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research

miR-330-3p controls cell proliferation by targeting early growth response 2 in non-small-cell lung cancer.
In this study, up-regulation of miR-330-3p expression was confirmed in NSCLC and 20 NSCLC patient samples. Furthermore, miR-330-3p was over-expressed in NSCLC cell lines A549 and H23, and the promotive function of miR-330-3p was investigated in regulating NSCLC cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution. To identify potential target genes of miR-330-3p in NSCLC, the miRNA target prediction databases were used. Luciferase activity assay and real-time RT-PCR analysis confirmed that miR-330-3p is negatively correlated with the expression of early growth response 2 (EGR2). Moreover, it was also found that EGR2 mRNA contain...
Source: Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica - May 2, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Liu X, Shi H, Liu B, Li J, Liu Y, Yu B Tags: Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) Source Type: research

TGF-β-induced hCG-β regulates redox homeostasis in glioma cells.
Abstract Transforming growth factor (TGF-β) is associated with the progression of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)-the most malignant of brain tumors. Since there is a structural homology between TGF-β and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and as both TGF-β and hCG-β are known regulators of oxidative stress and survival responses in a variety of tumors, the role of TGF-β in the regulation of hCG-β and its consequences on redox modulation of glioblastoma cells was investigated. A heightened hCG-β level was observed in GBM tumors. TGF-β treatment increased hCG-β expression in glioma cell lines, and this heigh...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - October 10, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ahmad F, Ghosh S, Sinha S, Joshi SD, Mehta VS, Sen E Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research

New Paradigms on siRNA Local Application.
Abstract Small interfering RNA (siRNA) functions through pairing with specific mRNA sequences and results in mRNA degradation, which is becoming a potential therapeutic approach for many diseases caused by altered gene expression. The delivery is a major problem for siRNA application due to its rapid degradation in blood circulation. Various strategies have been proposed to help cellular uptake of siRNA/short or small hairpin RNA (shRNA) successfully. Here we reviewed the recent published data regarding local applications of siRNA. Compared with systematic delivery methods, local delivery of siRNA/shRNA demonstrat...
Source: BMB Reports - July 31, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Pan M, Ni J, He H, Gao S, Duan X Tags: BMB Rep Source Type: research

MiR-224 expression increases radiation sensitivity of glioblastoma cells.
Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and highly aggressive primary malignant brain tumor. The intrinsic resistance of this brain tumor limits the efficacy of administered treatment like radiation therapy. In the present study, effect of miR-224 on growth characteristics of established GBM cell lines was analyzed. MiR-224 expression in the cell lines as well as primary GBM tumor tissues was found to be low. Exogenous transient expression of miR-224 using either synthetic mimics or stable inducible expression using doxycycline inducible lentiviral vector carrying miR-224 gene, was found to bring about 30-5...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 29, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Upraity S, Shaikh S, Padul V, Shirsat NV Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

CXCL12-induced upregulation of FOXM1 expression promotes human glioblastoma cell invasion.
In this study, we demonstrate that CXCL12 increases the production of FOXM1 by binding to CXCR4 in GBM cell lines. Furthermore, pretreatment with an inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT pathway abrogated the CXCL12-induced expression of FOXM1. In addition, there was a positive correlation between CXCL12/CXCR4 expression and FOXM1 expression in human malignant glioma tissues. Finally, a functional assay revealed that CXCL12 does not stimulate GBM cell invasion when FOXM1 expressionis silenced using a small interfering RNA (siRNA). Collectively, these findings suggest that CXCL12 promotes GBM cell invasion in part byincreasing the expr...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - February 19, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wang S, Zhang S, Li J, Xu X, Weng Y, Zheng M, Ouyang L, Li F Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research