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Cancer: Head and Neck Cancer

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Total 145 results found since Jan 2013.

Abstract 1428: Targeting RRM2 by siRNA inhibits cellular invasion and represents a rational approach for inhibition of metastasis of head and neck and lung cancers
Background: Ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2) has been frequently observed to be aberrantly overexpressed in various tumors. RRM2 is a key enzyme, and essential regulator of balanced deoxyribonucleotides (dNTPs). It is critical for DNA replication and repair, and hence cell survival. In addition to DNA synthesis, it has been reported to modulate cellular invasiveness. However, the mechanisms through which RRM2 affects the invasive phenotype have not been elucidated.Methods: We evaluated the expression of RRM2 protein in metastatic (n = 40) and non-metastatic (n = 40) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) t...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rahman, M. A., Amin, A. R. M. R., Zhang, J., Nannapaneni, S., Saba, N. F., Chen, Z. G., Shin, D. M. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 5474: PD-L1 regulates cisplatin chemoresistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
In conclusion, we have identified a novel role for PD-L1 in the development of chemoresistance through its interaction with the MRN complex, which plays a major role in the repair of chemo-induced DNA DSB. Therapies aimed at blocking PD-L1 show great promise because of their ability to enhance both chemotherapeutics and the anti-tumor immune response.Citation Format: Randall S. Ruffner, Andrew Ramsey, Bert W. O'Malley, Daqing Li. PD-L1 regulates cisplatin chemoresistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Ap...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ruffner, R. S., Ramsey, A., O'Malley, B. W., Li, D. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 945: Synthetic lethal screen identifies Aurora A as a selective target in HPV driven cervical cancer
HPV has been identified as the definitive agent in cancers of the cervix, penis, vulva, vagina, anus, skin, eye, and head and neck, and is responsible for 5% of the total cancer burden worldwide. HPV oncogenes disable a number of tumour suppressor pathways, including p53 and Rb, contributing to the transformed phenotype. We have performed an siRNA screen using the kinome (779 genes) library to identify genes that when depleted are synthetically lethal with HPV transformation. The primary and validations screens have confirmed Aurora A kinase (AURKA) as a potential synthetic lethal target selective for HPV transformed cells...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gabrielli, B. G., Bokhari, F., Ranall, M., Oo, Z. Y., Stevenson, A., Wang, W., McKee, S., Leggatt, G., Leo, P., Gonda, T. J., McMillan, N. A. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 1724: Integrated functional RNAi screening and structural genomics identify inverse co-modulators of TP53 family and NF-{kappa}B transitional activation as potential therapeutic targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the 6th most common cancer worldwide with a 50-60% mortality rate. Deregulation of p53 family members in HNSCC occurs in over 90% of cases, preventing transcription of growth arrest and apoptosis genes. Conversely, members of the NF-κB/REL family are aberrantly activated in about ∼70% of cases, and drive expression of pro-proliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis, and therapeutic resistance genes. The function of different TP53 and NF-κB family members are inversely modulated within two major subsets of HNSCC, suggesting that common molecules and pathways coordinate this...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Saleh, A., Cornelius, S., Martin, S., Ormanoglu, P., Cheng, H., Das, R., Yang, X., Chen, Z., Van Waes, C. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 3776: HnRNP A1 regulates cell cycle and proliferation in oral squamous cancer cells
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor in human head and neck neoplasms. Despite the improvement of therapeutic approaches, reducing high mortality is still the major challenge of OSCC. However, the molecular pathogenesis of OSCC remains largely unclear, which hinders the development of effective preventive and therapeutic methods. Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA has been implicated to be involved in tumorigenesis. Splicing factors play key roles in the regulation of alternative splicing. HnRNP A1 is an important multi-function splicing factor and closely related to tumorigenesis. It has be...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yu, C., Guo, J., Jia, J., Jia, R., Fan, M. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Anticancer activity of Ashwagandha against human head and neck cancer cell lines
ConclusionsThese suggest that MEAG and WA may be potential natural materials for the treatment of HNSCC.
Source: Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine - August 1, 2015 Category: Pathology Authors: Haeng‐Eun Lee, Ji‐Ae Shin, Joseph H. Jeong, Jae‐Gyu Jeon, Min‐Ho Lee, Sung‐Dae Cho Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 as regulator of tumor‐initiating cell properties in head and neck cancers
ConclusionThe inhibition of PAI‐1 by PAI‐039 or siRNA could suppress head and neck cancer‐TICs within head and neck cancer cell lines through the downregulation of Sox2. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2015
Source: Head and Neck - July 16, 2015 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Yueh‐Chun Lee, Cheng‐Chia Yu, Chih Lan, Che‐Hsin Lee, Hsueh‐Te Lee, Yu‐Liang Kuo, Po‐Hui Wang, Wen‐Wei Chang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Abstract B05: PI3K/mTOR pathway-dependent regulation of oxygen metabolism via pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH)-E1alpha phosphorylation
The PI3K/mTOR pathway plays a central role in coupling metabolic processes to the cellular proliferative state. In the current study we show that pharmacological inhibition of this pathway leads to a decrease in hypoxia within SQ20B human head and neck cancer xenografts. The mechanism underlying the effect appears in part to be due to reduced tumor cell oxygen consumption induced by the drug. Pharmacologic inhibitors of the PI3K/mTOR pathway or genetic inhibition of Akt/PI3K decreased the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in transformed cell lines in vitro by 30-40%. Pharmacologic inhibition of this pathway increased phosphory...
Source: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics - July 6, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cerniglia, G., Dey, S., Gallagher-Colombo, S. M., Daurio, N., Tuttle, S., Busch, T. M., Lin, A., Esipova, T. V., Vinogradov, S., Koumenis, C., Maity, A. Tags: Downstream Effectors Underlying Cancer Progression: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

MCP1-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Head and Neck Cancer by AKT Activation.
CONCLUSION: The overexpression of MCP1 in HNC cells may partially induce EMT through the AKT pathway. A high cellular expression of MCP1 was associated with pathological neck metastases. PMID: 26026089 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cell Research - June 1, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Lee CC, Ho HC, Su YC, Lee MS, Hung SK, Lin CH Tags: Anticancer Res Source Type: research

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 inhibits cell adhesion via suppression of integrin β4 expression.
Authors: Lee HJ, Lee JS, Hwang SJ, Lee HY Abstract We previously reported that IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), a major IGF-binding protein in human serum, regulates angiogenic activities of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through IGF-dependent and IGF-independent mechanisms. However, the role of IGFBP-3 in cell adhesion is largely unknown. We demonstrate here that IGFBP-3 inhibits the adhesion of HNSCC cells and HUVECs to the extracellular matrix (ECM). IGFBP-3 reduced transcription of a variety of integrins, especially integrin β4, and...
Source: Oncotarget - May 9, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 regulates tumor initiating cell properties in head and neck cancers
Conclusion The inhibition of PAI‐1 by PAI‐039 or siRNA could suppress HNC‐TICs within HNC cell lines through the down‐regulation of Sox2. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Head and Neck - May 1, 2015 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Yueh‐Chun Lee, Cheng‐Chia Yu, Chih Lan, Che‐Hsin Lee, Hsueh‐Te Lee, Yu‐Liang Kuo, Po‐Hui Wang, Wen‐Wei Chang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Energy Metabolism in a Matched Model of Radiation Resistance for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer.
In this study, we investigated the reprogramming of the energy metabolism in radiosensitive and radioresistant head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) using a preclinical matched model of radiation resistance. Our investigation found that radioresistant rSCC-61 cells: 1. They display increased glucose uptake and decreased fatty acid uptake; 2. They deviate from the classical Warburg effect by diverting the glycolytic flux into the pentose phosphate pathway; 3. They are more dependent on glucose than glutamine metabolism to support growth; 4. They have decreased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation; 5. They have e...
Source: Radiation Research - March 4, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Mims J, Bansal N, Bharadwaj MS, Chen X, Molina AJ, Tsang AW, Furdui CM Tags: Radiat Res Source Type: research

Abstract 596: DKK3 expression and its function in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
In this study, 90 cases of HNSCC tissue samples, which were obtained from Okayama University hospital with written informed consent, for immunohistochemistry to examine DKK3 protein expression. The protein expression status was scored as positive or negative. Pearson's Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to evaluate the correlation between the DKK3 protein expression and clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to determine the survival analysis. For functional analyses, HNSCC-derived cells were used. Gastric and colorectal cancer cell lines were also used for comparison. DKK3 ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Katase, N., Gunduz, M., Tsujigiwa, H., Ito, S., Fujii, M., Nagatsuka, H., Sasaki, A., Nohno, T. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 1925: CK2 phosphorylates and inhibits tumor suppressor TAp73 function to promote cancer stem cell gene expression and phenotype in head and neck cancer
Cancer development, cell survival, and therapeutic resistance have recently been linked to a small sub-population of cells expressing stem cell genes, and capable of reproducing the cancer cell population, called cancer stem cells (CSC). CK2 (formerly casein kinase II) has emerged as a key signal serine/threonine kinase that modulates diverse signal cascades that regulate cell fate and growth. We previously showed that CK2 is aberrantly expressed and activated in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Concomitant inactivation of tumor suppressor TAp73, along with mutation of related family member TP53, is also oft...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lu, H., Yan, C. H., Bian, Y., Chen, Z., Waes, C. V. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 2269: Combination of erlotinib and epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces apoptosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck through posttranslational regulation of Bim and Bcl-2
Conclusion: Our results strongly suggest that the combination of erlotinib and EGCG induces apoptosis of SCCHN cells by regulating Bim and Bcl-2 at the post-translational level. Currently, a clinical trial is underway at Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University to inhibit or reverse the progression of oral premalignant lesions using this combination. (This study is supported by R03CA159369, P50CA128613 and Robbins Scholar Award of Winship Cancer Institute). Citation Format: Abedul Haque, Mohammad A. Rahman, Zhuo G. Chen, Dong M. Shin, A.R.M. Ruhul Amin. Combination of erlotinib and epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces ap...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Haque, A., Rahman, M. A., Chen, Z. G., Shin, D. M., Amin, A. R. M. R. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research