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Vaccination: Varicella-Zoster Virus Vaccine

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Total 265 results found since Jan 2013.

Health economic evaluation of vaccination strategies for the prevention of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in Germany
Conclusions: According to our evaluation, HZ-vaccination is expected to avoid HZ/PHN-cases and gain QALYs to higher costs. However, the vaccine price had the highest impact on the ICERs. Among different scenarios, targeting individuals aged 60 years seems to represent the most cost-effective vaccination-strategy.
Source: BMC Health Services Research - September 26, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Bernhard UltschFelix WeidemannThomas ReinholdAnette SiedlerGérard KrauseOle Wichmann Source Type: research

Vaccination of older adults against herpes zoster is safe and effective
Commentary on: Gagliardi AM, Gomes Silva BN, Torloni MR, et al.. Vaccines for preventing herpes zoster in older adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;10:CD008858. Context The problem addressed by this study is that older individuals, for example, those over 60 years of age, are more likely to develop herpes zoster (HZ) than younger people. Older adults are far more likely to develop severe complications of HZ, especially postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Methods Gagliardi and colleagues reviewed eight randomised controlled trials (RCTs) involving 52 269 participants. Findings By focusing on RCTs and assessing the ...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - September 19, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Tyring, S. K. Tags: Clinical trials (epidemiology), Immunology (including allergy), Vaccination / immunisation, Neuromuscular disease, Pain (neurology), Peripheral nerve disease, Dermatology, Ethics Online articles Source Type: research

Vaccination against and treatment of acute herpes zoster for prevention of post-herpetic neuralgia.
Abstract Zostavax (zoster vaccine) is a 1-dose, high-potency, live, attenuated varicella zoster virus (VZV) vaccine that boosts VZV-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMI), and this is its presumed mechanism of action. Other strategies focus on preventing the major complication of HZ, post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). Evidence that the vaccine is effective in older patients comes from the pivotal Shingles Prevention Study. That study demonstrated that HZ vaccine significantly reduced morbidity due to HZ and PHN in older patients. However, the duration of efficacy beyond 5 years after vaccination remains unclear. The L...
Source: Herpes - September 7, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kanbayashi Y, Hosokawa T Tags: Curr Pain Headache Rep Source Type: research

Twerking Disease: The Definitive Medical Resource For Doctors.
This study was published in Time magazine so it must be true.  In addition, the story was picked up by 95.8 THE BONE and was described by a self proclaimed expert twerker jockey between songs about booty slappin' and G-thangs.      EXERCISE Studies have shown most folks watching Richard Simmons in "Twerking to the Oldies" have been cured of their twerking addiction.      MIRROR THERAPY Consider buying a full length wall mirror for full therapeutic effect.  Alternatively, take a video of yourself twerking while checking yourself out in a mirror, put it on YouTube and let ever...
Source: The Happy Hospitalist - September 7, 2013 Category: Internists and Doctors of Medicine Authors: Tamer Mahrous Source Type: blogs

Advances in the treatment of varicella-zoster virus infections.
Abstract Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes two distinct diseases, varicella (chickenpox) and shingles (herpes zoster). Chickenpox occurs subsequent to primary infection, while herpes zoster (usually associated with aging and immunosuppression) appears as a consequence of reactivation of latent virus. The major complication of shingles is postherpetic neuralgia. Vaccination strategies to prevent varicella or shingles and the current status of antivirals against VZV will be discussed in this chapter. Varivax®, a live-attenuated vaccine, is available for pediatric varicella. Zostavax® is used to boost VZV-specifi...
Source: Advances in Pharmacology - July 29, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Andrei G, Snoeck R Tags: Adv Pharmacol Source Type: research

Haemophilus influenzae Type b in an Immunocompetent, Fully Vaccinated ALL Survivor
A 7-year-old boy with a history of recurrent acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), in remission, presented to primary care clinic after 2 days of progressive right hip pain with weight-bearing activities. He was otherwise asymptomatic at the time of presentation. Blood cultures revealed Gram-negative diplococci, which prompted an MRI that was significant for a hip joint effusion and femoral head bone marrow edema. The patient had no sick contacts and no significant past medical history other than ALL. The patient had been given all recommended childhood vaccinations. Arthrocentesis and needle biopsy of the femoral neck were ...
Source: PEDIATRICS - May 1, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Nevin, J., Kanter Washko, J., Arnold, J. Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Neuropathic pain--a management update.
This article summaries the diagnosis and management of four common neuropathic pain presentations. DISCUSSION: A validated diagnostic screening tool can help identify patients with neuropathic pain. A systematic approach to clinical assessment and investigation will clarify the diagnosis. Good glycaemic control is important in the prevention and management of diabetic polyneuropathy; management options include antidepressants, gabapentinoids and controlled release opioids. Pain that lasts for more than 3 months after the onset of a herpes zoster infection is called 'postherpetic neuralgia'; management options include ...
Source: Australian Family Physician - March 1, 2013 Category: Primary Care Authors: Votrubec M, Thong I Tags: Aust Fam Physician Source Type: research

Varicella-Zoster Viruses Associated with Post-Herpetic Neuralgia Induce Sodium Current Density Increases in the ND7-23 Nav-1.8 Neuroblastoma Cell Line.
Abstract Post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most significant complication of herpes zoster caused by reactivation of latent Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV). We undertook a heterologous infection in vitro study to determine whether PHN-associated VZV isolates induce changes in sodium ion channel currents known to be associated with neuropathic pain. Twenty VZV isolates were studied blind from 11 PHN and 9 non-PHN subjects. Viruses were propagated in the MeWo cell line from which cell-free virus was harvested and applied to the ND7/23-Nav1.8 rat DRG x mouse neuroblastoma hybrid cell line which showed constitutive exp...
Source: Herpes - February 11, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kennedy PG, Montague P, Scott F, Grinfeld E, Ashrafi GH, Breuer J, Rowan EG Tags: PLoS One Source Type: research

Cost-effectiveness of vaccination of the elderly against herpes zoster in The Netherlands.
CONCLUSION: Vaccination against HZ might be cost-effective for ages ranging from 60 to 75 when a threshold of €50,000 per QALY gained would be used, at €20,000 per QALY this might not be the case. Additional information on the duration of vaccine-protection is needed to further optimize cost-effectiveness estimations. PMID: 23306360 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vaccine - January 8, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: de Boer PT, Pouwels KB, Cox JM, Hak E, Wilschut JC, Postma MJ Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research

Vibrio vulnificus necrotizing fasciitis preceding herpes zoster.
Abstract A 74-year-old white man presented with unilateral radicular pain extending across the left side of his chest and back. A diagnosis of postherpetic neuralgia, a sequela of herpes zoster, was made. Herpes zoster represents a reactivation of the varicella zoster virus that lies dormant in patients with past chickenpox. Risk factors for the disease include advanced age, stress, immunodeficiency, and immunosuppression. Treatment of herpes zoster entails traditional antiviral medications, while prevention may be achieved with a new prophylactic vaccine. PMID: 23382617 [PubMed]
Source: Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings - January 1, 2013 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Ha KY, Tyring SK Tags: Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) Source Type: research