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Total 80126 results found since Jan 2013.
Divergences in color perception between deep neural networks and humans
Cognition. 2023 Sep 14;241:105621. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105621. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDeep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly proposed as models of human vision, bolstered by their impressive performance on image classification and object recognition tasks. Yet, the extent to which DNNs capture fundamental aspects of human vision such as color perception remains unclear. Here, we develop novel experiments for evaluating the perceptual coherence of color embeddings in DNNs, and we assess how well these algorithms predict human color similarity judgments collected via an online survey. We find that stat...
Source: Cognition - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Ethan O Nadler Elise Darragh-Ford Bhargav Srinivasa Desikan Christian Conaway Mark Chu Tasker Hull Douglas Guilbeault Source Type: research
Multiple predictions during language comprehension: Friends, foes, or indifferent companions?
Cognition. 2023 Sep 14;241:105602. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105602. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTo comprehend language, we continually use prior context to pre-activate expected upcoming information, resulting in facilitated processing of incoming words that confirm these predictions. But what are the consequences of disconfirming prior predictions? To address this question, most previous studies have examined unpredictable words appearing in contexts that constrain strongly for a single continuation. However, during natural language processing, it is far more common to encounter contexts that constrain for multiple...
Source: Cognition - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Trevor Brothers Emily Morgan Anthony Yacovone Gina Kuperberg Source Type: research
The value of continuing research on epidemiology of cerebral palsy (CP) - What have we learned?
Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2023 Sep 9:S1090-3798(23)00137-X. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2023.09.004. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:37716822 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejpn.2023.09.004
Source: European Journal of Paediatric Neurology - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Antigone S Papavasiliou Dimitrios Zafeiriou Source Type: research
Grammatical cues to subjecthood are redundant in a majority of simple clauses across languages
Cognition. 2023 Sep 13;241:105543. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105543. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGrammatical cues are sometimes redundant with word meanings in natural language. For instance, English word order rules constrain the word order of a sentence like "The dog chewed the bone" even though the status of "dog" as subject and "bone" as object can be inferred from world knowledge and plausibility. Quantifying how often this redundancy occurs, and how the level of redundancy varies across typologically diverse languages, can shed light on the function and evolution of grammar. To that end, we performed a behavior...
Source: Cognition - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Kyle Mahowald Evgeniia Diachek Edward Gibson Evelina Fedorenko Richard Futrell Source Type: research
Neurological presentation of profound hypothyroidism
Pract Neurol. 2023 Sep 15:pn-2023-003859. doi: 10.1136/pn-2023-003859. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:37714702 | DOI:10.1136/pn-2023-003859
Source: Practical Neurology - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Christopher Paisey Gurjit Chohan Source Type: research
Concepts require flexible grounding
Brain Lang. 2023 Sep 13;245:105322. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2023.105322. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTResearch on semantic memory has a problem. On the one hand, a robust body of evidence implicates sensorimotor regions in conceptual processing. On the other hand, a different body of evidence implicates a modality independent semantic system. The standard solution to this tension is to posit a hub-and-spoke system with modality independent hubs and modality specific spokes. In this paper, I argue in support of an alternative view of grounding which remains committed to neural reenactment but emphasizes the multimodal and mul...
Source: Brain and Language - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Guy Dove Source Type: research
MicroRNA-125a-3p modulate amyloid β-protein through the MAPK pathway in Alzheimer's disease
CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that targeting miR-125a-3p may be an applicable therapy for AD in the future. However, more in vitro and in vivo studies with more samples are needed to confirm these results.PMID:37711111 | DOI:10.2174/1567205020666230913105811
Source: Current Alzheimer Research - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Xi-Chen Zhu Meng-Zhuo Zhu Jing Lu Qing-Yu Yao Jia-Wei Hu Wen-Jun Long Sha-Sha Ruan Wen-Zhuo Dai Rong Li Source Type: research
Early Detection of Dementia using Risk Classification in MCI: Outcomes of Shanghai Mild Cognitive Impairment Cohort Study
CONCLUSION: A simple risk classification using the rt. HV and neuropsychological test scores, including those from the ADAS-Cog-C and PACC, could be a practicable and efficient approach to identifying individuals at risk of all-cause dementia.PMID:37711110 | DOI:10.2174/1567205020666230914161034
Source: Current Alzheimer Research - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Bin Zhou Qianhua Zhao Shinsuke Kojima Ding Ding Satoshi Higashide Masanori Fukushima Zhen Hong Source Type: research
Rhein attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via inhibition of ferroptosis through NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway
CONCLUSION: Rhein attenuates cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting ferroptosis via the NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke.PMID:37714424 | DOI:10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114541
Source: Experimental Neurology - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Hua Liu Tian-Ai Zhang Wen-Yue Zhang Si-Rui Huang Yue Hu Jia Sun Source Type: research
MicroRNA-125a-3p modulate amyloid β-protein through the MAPK pathway in Alzheimer's disease
CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that targeting miR-125a-3p may be an applicable therapy for AD in the future. However, more in vitro and in vivo studies with more samples are needed to confirm these results.PMID:37711111 | DOI:10.2174/1567205020666230913105811
Source: Current Alzheimer Research - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Xi-Chen Zhu Meng-Zhuo Zhu Jing Lu Qing-Yu Yao Jia-Wei Hu Wen-Jun Long Sha-Sha Ruan Wen-Zhuo Dai Rong Li Source Type: research
Early Detection of Dementia using Risk Classification in MCI: Outcomes of Shanghai Mild Cognitive Impairment Cohort Study
CONCLUSION: A simple risk classification using the rt. HV and neuropsychological test scores, including those from the ADAS-Cog-C and PACC, could be a practicable and efficient approach to identifying individuals at risk of all-cause dementia.PMID:37711110 | DOI:10.2174/1567205020666230914161034
Source: Current Alzheimer Research - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Bin Zhou Qianhua Zhao Shinsuke Kojima Ding Ding Satoshi Higashide Masanori Fukushima Zhen Hong Source Type: research
VPS13A knockdown impairs corticostriatal synaptic plasticity and locomotor behavior in a new mouse model of chorea-acanthocytosis
Neurobiol Dis. 2023 Sep 13:106292. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106292. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTChorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is an inherited neurodegenerative movement disorder caused by VPS13A gene mutations leading to the absence of protein expression. The striatum is the most affected brain region in ChAc patients. However, the study of the VPS13A function in the brain has been poorly addressed. Here we generated a VPS13A knockdown (KD) model and aimed to elucidate the contribution of VPS13A to synaptic plasticity and neuronal communication in the corticostriatal circuit. First, we infected primary cortical neurons wit...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Esther Garc ía-García Alba Ram ón-Lainez Sara Conde-Berriozabal Daniel Del Toro Georgia Escaramis Albert Giralt Merc è Masana Jordi Alberch Manuel J Rodr íguez Source Type: research
Understanding the potential causes of gastrointestinal dysfunctions in multiple system atrophy
Neurobiol Dis. 2023 Sep 13:106296. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106296. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMultiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by autonomic, pyramidal, parkinsonian and/or cerebellar dysfunction. Autonomic symptoms of MSA include deficits associated with the gastrointestinal (GI) system, such as difficulty swallowing, abdominal pain and bloating, nausea, delayed gastric emptying, and constipation. To date, studies assessing GI dysfunctions in MSA have primarily focused on alterations of the gut microbiome, however growing evidence indicates other structural co...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Colin F Craig David I Finkelstein Rachel M McQuade Shanti Diwakarla Source Type: research
Interictal spikes in Alzheimer's disease: Preclinical evidence for dominance of the dentate gyrus and cholinergic control by medial septum
Neurobiol Dis. 2023 Sep 13:106294. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106294. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInterictal spikes (IIS) are a common type of abnormal electrical activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and preclinical models. The brain regions where IIS are largest are not known but are important because such data would suggest sites that contribute to IIS generation. Because hippocampus and cortex exhibit altered excitability in AD models, we asked which areas dominate the activity during IIS along the cortical-CA1-dentate gyrus (DG) dorso-ventral axis. Because medial septal (MS) cholinergic neurons are overactive when IIS t...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Christos Panagiotis Lisgaras Helen E Scharfman Source Type: research
Cognitive-exercise dual-task intervention ameliorates cognitive decline in natural aging rats via inhibiting the promotion of LncRNA NEAT1/miR-124-3p on caveolin-1-PI3K/Akt/GSK3 β Pathway
This study aimed to investigate the effects of CEDI and the role of regulation of the lncRNA NEAT1/miR-124-3p on the caveolin-1-PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway in CEDI improving cognitive function. Forty 18-month-old natural aging rats were randomly assigned to four groups: exercise training group, cognitive training group, CEDI group, and aging control group, and underwent 12 weeks of intervention. A novel object recognition test was performed to determine the cognitive function, and the hippocampus was separated three days after the behavioral tests for further molecular detection. In an in vitro study, the mouse hippocampal neu...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Tiancong Li Xue Tao Ruifeng Sun Conglin Han Xiaoling Li Ziman Zhu Wenshan Li Peiling Huang Weijun Gong Source Type: research
