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Adjuvant chemotherapy for early female breast cancer: a systematic review of the evidence for the 2014 Cancer Care Ontario systemic therapy guideline.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this systematic review constitute a comprehensive compilation of the high-level evidence that is the basis for the 2014 pebc guideline on systemic therapy for early breast cancer. Use of cytotoxic chemotherapy is presented here; the results addressing endocrine therapy and her2-targeted treatment, and the final clinical practice recommendations, are published separately in this supplement. PMID: 25848343 [PubMed]
Source: Current Oncology - April 9, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Curr Oncol Source Type: research

Management of hepatocellular carcinoma
Conclusions In spite of significant advancement in HCC management, its incidence continues to rise. There remains an urgent need to continue refining understanding of HCC and develop strategies to increase utilization of the available preventive measures and curative treatment modalities for HCC.
Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology - April 11, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Assessing cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccines with decision analytic models: what are the distinct challenges of low- and middle-income countries? A protocol for a systematic review
Discussion The proposed systematic review will assess how the cost-effectiveness studies of HPV vaccines accounted for the distinct challenges of LMICs. The gaps identified will expose areas for additional research as well as challenges that need to be accounted for in future modelling studies. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42015017870.
Source: Systematic Reviews - May 12, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research

Epidemiological Pattern of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C as Etiological Agents for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Iran and Worldwide
Conclusions: Vaccination against HBV remains the most effective approach against HBV infection with consequence decrease in HBV-related HCC. There is a need to improve the awareness about epidemiology of HBV and HCV infections, modes of transmission, and their complications, specifically HCC among population.
Source: Hepatitis Monthly - October 24, 2012 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Abstract 1243: Therapeutic ER stress induced by tunicamycin is anti-angiogenic/anti-tumorigenic and signals through unfolded protein response
1.7 million Women were diagnosed with breast cancer worldwide in 2012 with a death rate of 522,000. If there are no major changes in prevention or treatment 846,241 women are estimated to die from the disease in 2035. The disease is multi-factorial with complex etiologically, and associated with uncontrolled cellular proliferation to invasion, to metastasis and angiogenesis. Based on current understanding, developing therapies to interrupt the angiogenic process has been proposed (http://www.angiogenesis.org; http://cancernet.nci.nih.gov). In addition, the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America has reported 1...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Banerjee, D. K., Banerjee, A., Baksi, K., Katiyar, U., Santiago, J., Sanchez, N., Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Ethical Issues in Environmental Health Research Related to Public Health Emergencies: Reflections on the GuLF STUDY
Conclusions Environmental health research related to disasters and other public health emergencies raises challenging ethical issues that need to be addressed beforehand, including Minimizing risks and promoting benefits to participants. Obtaining valid informed consent. Providing financial compensation to participants. Working with vulnerable participants. Protecting participant confidentiality. Addressing conflicts of interest. Dealing with legal implications of research. Obtaining review from the IRB, community groups, and other committees (e.g., scientific review committees). To ensure that these issues are handled p...
Source: EHP Research - September 1, 2015 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Sam Duvall Tags: Brief Communication September 2015 Source Type: research

HPV Vaccine Public Awareness Campaigns: An Environmental Scan
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates are significantly lower than recommended targets. Public awareness campaigns can raise awareness of the severity and prevalence of HPV infection and the cancer prevention benefits of the vaccine. We conducted an environmental scan of HPV vaccine public awareness campaigns during the summer of 2014. We used online search strategies and expert input to identify candidate campaigns. Multiple study investigators reviewed all data abstraction and analysis. After applying our inclusion criteria, we identified 14 campaigns with parents or teenagers as the target audience. We characteri...
Source: Health Promotion Practice - October 13, 2015 Category: Health Management Authors: Blasi, P. R., King, D., Henrikson, N. B. Tags: Invigorating Advocacy Source Type: research

An evidence‐based review of the rectovaginal examination during well‐woman visits
ConclusionsAvailable literature shows the RVE to have low sensitivity in detecting uterosacral nodularity, rectal compression, cervical involvement of endometrial cancer, and colorectal cancer. Implications for practiceThis critical review of available literature found no evidence to support the use of the RVE in well‐woman visits. NPs should limit the use of the RVE to patients presenting with rectovaginal or pelvic complaints.
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners - October 20, 2015 Category: Nursing Authors: Jessica Nishikawa Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research

Cervical cancer prevention in Australia: Planning for the future
The high rate of coverage that has been achieved to date by the Australian government's Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination Program has already led to profound reductions in the prevalence of biopsy‐confirmed, high‐grade abnormalities and of vaccine‐preventable HPV types in Australia. Declines in the prevalence of vaccine preventable HPV have occurred not only in vaccinated women but also in unvaccinated women, suggesting a herd‐immunity affect. These declines were anticipated on the basis of modelling and were the major drivers for the changes proposed to the Australian National Cervical Screening Program. The ...
Source: Cancer Cytopathology - November 30, 2015 Category: Pathology Authors: A. Marion Saville Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Age‐specific prevalence of HPV16/18 genotypes in cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: International Journal of Cancer - December 13, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Anne Hammer, Anne Rositch, Fares Qeadan, Patti E Gravitt, Jan Blaakaer Tags: Mini Review Source Type: research

Beyond Chemotherapy: An Overview and Review of Targeted Therapy in Cervical Cancer.
Abstract PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of current and up and coming targeted therapies in cervical cancer with or without chemotherapy. METHODS: We reviewed the literature using search terms cervical cancer AND immunotherapy, immune therapy, vaccines, bevacizumab, anti-angiogenic therapy, and PARP inhibitors on PubMed. We included all review articles and prospective trials. We also reviewed ClinicalTrials.gov for trials in progress. FINDINGS: The addition of bevacizumab has improved the overall survival of women with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer when compared with...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - February 26, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Crafton SM, Salani R Tags: Clin Ther Source Type: research

Absence of CD4(+) T cell help generates corrupt CD8(+) effector T cells in sarcoma-bearing Swiss mice treated with NLGP vaccine.
In conclusion, it was found that CD4(+) T cell help is not required to generate CD8(+) T cells but was found to be an integral phenomenon in maintenance of its anti-tumor functions even in NLGP-vaccine-mediated sarcoma growth restriction. PMID: 27178306 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Immunology Letters - May 9, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ghosh S, Sarkar M, Ghosh T, Guha I, Bhuniya A, Biswas J, Mallick A, Bose A, Baral R Tags: Immunol Lett Source Type: research

A General Method to Discover Epitopes from Sera
We present this method as an inexpensive, efficient method for identifying mimotopes of any antibody’s targets. These mimotopes should be useful in defining both components of the antigen-antibody complex.
Source: PLoS One - June 13, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kurt Whittemore Source Type: research

Interventions to Improve HPV Vaccine Uptake: A Systematic Review
CONCLUSIONS: Population-based vaccination strategies that increased vaccine availability reached the greatest number of adolescents and were most successful in achieving high rates of vaccination.
Source: PEDIATRICS - June 30, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Walling, E. B., Benzoni, N., Dornfeld, J., Bhandari, R., Sisk, B. A., Garbutt, J., Colditz, G. Tags: Hematology/Oncology, Cancer/Neoplastic, Infectious Disease, Vaccine/Immunization Review Article Source Type: research

Glycolipid activators of invariant NKT cells as vaccine adjuvants
Abstract Natural Killer T cells (NKT cells) are a subpopulation of T lymphocytes with unique phenotypic properties and a remarkably broad range of immune effector and regulatory functions. One subset of these cells, known as invariant NKT cells (iNKT cells), has become a significant focus in the search for new and better ways to enhance immunotherapies and vaccination. These unconventional T cells are characterized by their ability to be specifically activated by a range of foreign and self-derived glycolipid antigens presented by CD1d, an MHC class I-related antigen presenting molecule that has evolved to bind an...
Source: Immunogenetics - July 4, 2016 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research