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Total 4990 results found since Jan 2013.

Plasticity and Response to Action Observation: A Longitudinal fMRI Study of Potential Mirror Neurons in Patients With Subacute Stroke
Conclusions. Plastic changes in neurons responding to action observation and action execution occurred in accordance with clinical recovery. The involvement of motor areas when observing actions early and later after stroke may constitute a possible access to the motor system.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - October 16, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Brunner, I. C., Skouen, J. S., Ersland, L., Gruner, R. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Involvement of platelet-derived growth factor receptor β in fibrosis through extracellular matrix protein production after ischemic stroke.
In conclusion, the expression level of PDGFRβ may be a crucial determinant of fibrosis after ischemic stroke. Moreover, PDGFRβ signaling participates in the production of fibronectin and collagen type I after ischemic stroke. PMID: 25510317 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Neurology - December 12, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Makihara N, Arimura K, Ago T, Tachibana M, Nishimura A, Nakamura K, Matsuo R, Wakisaka Y, Kuroda J, Sugimori H, Kamouchi M, Kitazono T Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Post-conditioning and reperfusion injury in the treatment of stroke.
Abstract Endogenous mechanisms of protection against ischemia can be demonstrated in brain and other organs. The induction of such protection is via a response to sub lethal stress which induces "preconditioning". The preconditioned organ is then "tolerant" to injury from subsequent severe stress of the same or different etiology. Protection is substantial (70% reduction) but delayed in onset and is transient. Gene expression is unique between brains preconditioned, injured (stroke) or made tolerant. Thus, preconditioning reprograms the response to lethal ischemic stress (stroke), reprogrammed from an injury induc...
Source: Dose Response - December 1, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Simon R Tags: Dose Response Source Type: research

Cellular connections, microenvironment and brain angiogenesis in diabetes: Lost communication signals in the post-stroke period.
This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Cell Interactions In Stroke. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Cell Interactions In Stroke. PMID: 25749094 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research - March 3, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Ergul A, Valenzuela JP, Fouda AY, Fagan SC Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Impact of Surgical Stroke on the Early and Late Outcomes After Thoracic Aortic Operations
Conclusions Surgical stroke is associated with high hospital mortality and PNDs that decrease late survival and the physical component score of the QOL survey.
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - April 10, 2015 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Source Type: research

Endothelial progenitor cells in ischemic stroke: an exploration from hypothesis to therapy
As the population ages and lifestyles change in concordance, the number of patients suffering from ischemic stroke and its associated disabilities is increasing. Studies on determining the relationship between endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and ischemic stroke have become a new hot spot and have reported that EPCs may protect the brain against ischemic injury, promote neurovascular repair, and improve long-term neurobehavioral outcomes. More importantly, they introduce a new perspective for prognosis assessment and therapy of ischemic stroke. However, EPCs’ origin, function, influence factors, injury repair mechanis...
Source: Journal of Hematology and Oncology - April 11, 2015 Category: Hematology Authors: Ya-Feng LiLi-Na RenGeng GuoLee CannellaValeria ChernayaSonia SamuelSu-Xuan LiuHong WangXiao-Feng Yang Source Type: research

Partial loss of the DNA repair scaffolding protein, Xrcc1, results in increased brain damage and reduced recovery from ischemic stroke in mice.
Abstract Oxidative DNA damage is mainly repaired by base excision repair (BER). Previously, our laboratory showed that mice lacking the BER glycosylases 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (Ogg1) or nei endonuclease VIII-like 1 (Neil1) recover more poorly from focal ischemic stroke than wild-type mice. Here, a mouse model was used to investigate whether loss of 1 of the 2 alleles of X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (Xrcc1), which encodes a nonenzymatic scaffold protein required for BER, alters recovery from stroke. Ischemia and reperfusion caused higher brain damage and lower functional recovery in Xrcc1(+/-) mi...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - April 17, 2015 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Ghosh S, Canugovi C, Yoon JS, Wilson DM, Croteau DL, Mattson MP, Bohr VA Tags: Neurobiol Aging Source Type: research

Val66Met BDNF Polymorphism Implies a Different Way to Recover From Stroke Rather Than a Worse Overall Recoverability
In search for individualized predictors of stroke recovery, the Val66Met polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is attracting great interest, because it has a negative impact on neurotrophin function. Since stroke recovery relies on brain plastic processes, on which BDNF is permissive, the dominant thought is in favor of a worse recovery in Met carriers. Conversely, we suggest that Met carriers do not differ in terms of absolute ability to recover from stroke, but they do differ on the way they recover. In particular, Met carriers rely more on subcortical plasticity, while ValVal patients more on intr...
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - December 14, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Di Pino, G., Pellegrino, G., Capone, F., Assenza, G., Florio, L., Falato, E., Lotti, F., Di Lazzaro, V. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

The Effects of Stroke Type, Locus, and Extent on Long-Term Outcome of Gait Rehabilitation: The LEAPS Experience
Conclusions. Type, locus, and extent of lesion, and the loss of substrate for neuroplastic effect as a result of prior stroke may affect long-term outcome of rehabilitation of hemiparetic gait.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - July 10, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Nadeau, S. E., Dobkin, B., Wu, S. S., Pei, Q., Duncan, P. W., for the LEAPS Investigative Team Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Mesenchymal stem cell ‐based treatments for stroke, neural trauma, and heat stroke
ConclusionThis review offers a testable platform for targeting microglial‐mediated cytokines in clinical trials based upon the rational design of MSC therapy in the future. MSCs that are derived from the placenta provide a great choice for stem cell therapy. Although targeting the microglial activation is an important approach to reduce the burden of the injury, it is not the only one. This review focuses on this specific aspect. Ischemic stroke, neural trauma, and heatstroke all cause cerebral ischemia‐related deficits. Exogenous MSC therapy is promising as a means of augmenting brain ischemia‐induced deficits. MSC...
Source: Brain and Behavior - August 2, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Yogi Chang ‐Yo Hsuan, Cheng‐Hsien Lin, Ching‐Ping Chang, Mao‐Tsun Lin Tags: Review Source Type: research

Optogenetic stimulation of glutamatergic neuronal activity in the striatum enhances neurogenesis in the subventricular zone of normal and stroke mice.
Abstract Neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the adult brain may contribute to tissue repair after brain injuries. Whether SVZ neurogenesis can be upregulated by specific neuronal activity in vivo and promote functional recovery after stroke is largely unknown. Using the spatial and cell type specific optogenetic technique combined with multiple approaches of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo examinations, we tested the hypothesis that glutamatergic activation in the striatum could upregulate SVZ neurogenesis in the normal and ischemic brain. In transgenic mice expressing the light-gated channelrhodopsin-...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - November 20, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Song M, Yu SP, Mohamad O, Cao W, Wei ZZ, Gu X, Jiang MQ, Wei L Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Neuroplasticity and behavioral effects of  fluoxetine after experimental stroke.
Neuroplasticity and behavioral effects of fluoxetine after experimental stroke. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2017 Aug 24;: Authors: Sun Y, Sun X, Qu H, Zhao S, Xiao T, Zhao C Abstract The brain can undergo self-repair and has the ability to compensate for functions lost after a stroke. The plasticity of the ischemic brain is influenced by several factors including aging and pharmacotherapy. Fluoxetine is an antidepressant which enhances serotonergic neurotransmission through selective inhibition of neuronal reuptake of serotonin. In clinical practice, fluoxetine alleviates the symptoms of post-stroke depre...
Source: Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience - September 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Restor Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Sustained administration of corticosterone at stress-like levels after stroke suppressed glial reactivity at sites of thalamic secondary neurodegeneration.
Abstract Secondary neurodegeneration (SND) is an insidious and progressive condition involving the death of neurons in regions of the brain that were connected to but undamaged by the initial stroke. Our group have published compelling evidence that exposure to psychological stress can significantly exacerbate the severity SND, a finding that has considerable clinical implications given that stroke-survivors often report experiencing high and unremitting levels of psychological stress. It may be possible to use one or more targeted pharmacological approaches to limit the negative effects of stress on the recovery ...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - November 18, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Zalewska K, Pietrogrande G, Ong LK, Abdolhoseini M, Kluge M, Johnson SJ, Walker FR, Nilsson M Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

Translating experimental evidence to finding novel ways to promote motor recovery in stroke patients - a review.
Authors: Zhao C, Könönen M, Vanninen R, Pitkänen K, Hiekkala S, Jolkkonen J Abstract Recent advances in basic research have revealed the complex structural plasticity associated with the spontaneous motor recovery after stroke. Various rehabilitative interventions seem to act through the same repair mechanisms to further enhance recovery processes. In this review, we first summarize the current understanding on brain plasticity and repair after stroke. We then outline experimental approaches for studying stroke rehabilitation in rodents and review current rehabilitative practices in stroke patients. Although exp...
Source: Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience - June 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: Restor Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

State-of-the-Art Techniques to Causally Link Neural Plasticity to Functional Recovery in Experimental Stroke Research.
Abstract Current experimental stroke research faces the same challenge as neuroscience: to transform correlative findings in causative ones. Research of recent years has shown the tremendous potential of the central nervous system to react to noxious stimuli such as a stroke: Increased plastic changes leading to reorganization in form of neuronal rewiring, neurogenesis, and synaptogenesis, accompanied by transcriptional and translational turnover in the affected cells, have been described both clinically and in experimental stroke research. However, only minor attempts have been made to connect distinct plastic re...
Source: Neural Plasticity - July 7, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Wahl AS Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research