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Total 269 results found since Jan 2013.

CHADS2 score predicts atrial fibrillation following cardiac surgery
Abstract: Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) following cardiac surgery portends higher morbidity and increased health expenditure. Although many anatomic and patient risk factors have been identified, a simple clinical scoring system to identify high-risk patients is lacking. The CHADS2 score is widely used to predict the risk of stroke in patients with AF. We assessed the utility of this scoring algorithm in predicting the development of de novo postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in cardiac surgery patients.Material and methods: A total of 2120 patients from 2008 to 2013 were identified for inclusion in our analys...
Source: Journal of Surgical Research - February 18, 2014 Category: Surgery Authors: Sohail Sareh, William Toppen, Laith Mukdad, Nancy Satou, Richard Shemin, Eric Buch, Peyman Benharash Tags: Cardio Source Type: research

Watch less TV to prevent obesity, says NICE
“Take TV-free days to combat obesity, health experts urge,” The Guardian reports. This is one of a range of new recommendations from National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) draft guidelines that are designed to help adults and children maintain a healthy weight.Although the headlines have largely focused on TV (as well as other types of screen time, such as smartphones), the recommendations cover a range of health-related behaviours, such as walking to work and avoiding fizzy drinks.This draft guidance is mainly aimed at people in organisations who set up, pay for, or put into practice programmes that ...
Source: NHS News Feed - September 23, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Lifestyle/exercise Food/diet Obesity Source Type: news

2013 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
This report provides information to increase understanding of the public health impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including incidence and prevalence, mortality rates, health expenditures and costs of care, and effect on caregivers and society in general. It also explores the roles and unique challenges of long-distance caregivers, as well as interventions that target those challenges. An estimated 5.2 million Americans have AD. Approximately 200,000 people younger than 65 years with AD comprise the younger onset AD population; 5 million comprise the older onset AD population. Throughout the coming decades, the baby boom ...
Source: Alzheimer's and Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association - October 17, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Age differences in visits to office-based physicians by patients with diabetes: United States, 2010.
Authors: Ashman JJ, Talwalkar A, Taylor SA Abstract KEY FINDINGS: Data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Office-based physician visits by patients with diabetes increased 20%, from 94.4 million in 2005 to 113.3 million in 2010, but the rate did not change between 2005 and 2010. The visit rate for diabetes increased with age and averaged 1,380 visits per 1,000 persons aged 65 and over in 2010. A majority of visits made by patients with diabetes (87%) were by those with multiple chronic conditions, and the number of chronic conditions increased with advancing age. Medications were prescribed or contin...
Source: NCHS data brief - November 12, 2014 Category: American Health Tags: NCHS Data Brief Source Type: research

Impact of cardiovascular risk factors on medical expenditure: evidence from epidemiological studies analysing data on health checkups and medical insurance.
Authors: Nakamura K Abstract Concerns have increasingly been raised about the medical economic burden in Japan, of which approximately 20% is attributable to cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart disease and stroke. Because the management of risk factors is essential for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, it is important to understand the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and medical expenditure in the Japanese population. However, only a few Japanese epidemiological studies analysing data on health checkups and medical insurance have provided evidence on this topic. Patients with c...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology - November 15, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Tags: J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Health care costs attributable to overweight calculated in a standardized way for three European countries
This article presents a tool to calculate health care costs attributable to overweight in a comparable and standardized way. The purpose is to describe the methodological principles of the tool and to put it into use by calculating and comparing the costs attributable to overweight for The Netherlands, Germany and Czech Republic. The tool uses a top-down and prevalence-based approach, consisting of five steps. Step one identifies overweight-related diseases and age- and gender-specific relative risks. Included diseases are ischemic heart disease, stroke, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, colorectal cancer, postmenopa...
Source: The European Journal of Health Economics - November 28, 2014 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on households and impoverishment: a systematic review
Abstract The global economic impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) on household expenditures and poverty indicators remains less well understood. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature evaluating the global economic impact of six NCDs [including coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD)] on households and impoverishment. Medline, Embase and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception to November 6th 2014. To identify additional publ...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - December 20, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Prevention Science Should Be a Higher Federal Funding Priority
This study highlights inadequate investment of federal funding for science that will help us better prevent chronic disease. Investing in prevention -- and prevention science -- should become a much higher priority for federal research. It's essential if the United States is to improve the health of our population and save future generations of Americans from the burden of preventable disease.
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - January 7, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Cost of poor adherence to anti-hypertensive therapy in five European countries
This study is the first attempt to estimate the economic impact of non-adherence amongst patients with diagnosed hypertension in Europe, using data from five European countries (Italy, France, Germany, Spain and England).
Source: The European Journal of Health Economics - January 1, 2015 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Genetic & epigenetic approach to human obesity.
Genetic & epigenetic approach to human obesity. Indian J Med Res. 2014 Nov;140(5):589-603 Authors: Rao KR, Lal N, Giridharan NV Abstract Obesity is an important clinical and public health challenge, epitomized by excess adipose tissue accumulation resulting from an imbalance in energy intake and energy expenditure. It is a forerunner for a variety of other diseases such as type-2-diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular diseases, some types of cancer, stroke, hyperlipidaemia and can be fatal leading to premature death. Obesity is highly heritable and arises from the interplay of multiple genes and environme...
Source: Indian J Med Res - November 1, 2014 Category: Research Authors: Rao KR, Lal N, Giridharan NV Tags: Indian J Med Res Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on healthcare spending and national income: a systematic review
Abstract The impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in populations extends beyond ill-health and mortality with large financial consequences. To systematically review and meta-analyze studies evaluating the impact of NCDs (including coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic kidney disease) at the macro-economic level: healthcare spending and national income. Medical databases (Medline, Embase and Google Scholar) up to November 6th 2014. For further identification of suitable studies, we searched refere...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 18, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Objective Measures of Physical Activity, White Matter Integrity and Cognitive Status in Adults Over Age 80.
This study quantified the association between PA and WM integrity in adults over 80. The moderating effects of cardiometabolic conditions, physical functional limitations and WM hyperintensities were also examined, as they can affect PA and brain integrity. Fractional anisotropy (FA) from normal-appearing WM via diffusion tensor imaging and WM hyperintensities were obtained in 90 participants (mean age=87.4, 51.1% female, 55.6% white) with concurrent objective measures of steps, active energy expenditure (AEE in kcal), duration (minutes), and intensity (Metabolic equivalents, METs) via SenseWear Armband. Clinical adjudicat...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - February 2, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Tian Q, Glynn NW, Erickson KI, Aizenstein HJ, Simonsick EM, Yaffe K, Harris TB, Kritchevsky SB, Boudreau RM, Newman AB, Lopez OL, Saxton J, Rosano C, for the Health ABC study Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

The burden of disease in older people and implications for health policy and practice
Publication date: 7–13 February 2015 Source:The Lancet, Volume 385, Issue 9967 Author(s): Martin J Prince , Fan Wu , Yanfei Guo , Luis M Gutierrez Robledo , Martin O'Donnell , Richard Sullivan , Salim Yusuf 23% of the total global burden of disease is attributable to disorders in people aged 60 years and older. Although the proportion of the burden arising from older people (≥60 years) is highest in high-income regions, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per head are 40% higher in low-income and middle-income regions, accounted for by the increased burden per head of population arising from cardiovascular disease...
Source: The Lancet - February 10, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

Obesity and Clinical Riskiness Relationship: Therapeutic Management by Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation-a Review.
Abstract Obesity is a global health problem affecting all age groups, leading to many complications such as type 2 diabetes, systemic hypertension, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and stroke. Physiologically, obesity arises from metabolic changes in the tissues and organs of the human body; these changes result in an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, which in turn results in increased fat accumulation in adipose tissue. Such fat accumulation predisposes individuals to development of several health problems. Two different obesity treatment drugs are currently on the mark...
Source: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology - April 12, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hassan HA, El-Gharib NE Tags: Appl Biochem Biotechnol Source Type: research

Comparisons of Predictive Equations for Resting Energy Expenditure in Patients with Cerebral Infarct during Acute Care
Estimation of resting energy expenditure (REE) is essential in planning nutrition support. Several equations are used for this estimation in the clinical setting. The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive accuracy of existing equations for REE in patients with cerebral infarct during acute care.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 19, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Ayano Nagano, Yoshitaka Yamada, Hiroji Miyake, Kazuhisa Domen, Tetsuo Koyama Source Type: research