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Infectious Disease: Meningitis

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Total 603 results found since Jan 2013.

Treatment of Tuberculous Meningitis and Its Complications in Adults
AbstractPurpose of reviewTuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a global health problem. In this review, we systematically evaluate the evidence for current and emerging antimicrobials, host-directed therapies and supportive managements.Recent findingsCurrent antimicrobial regimes do not factor the differing ability of drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier. Rifampicin may be more effective at higher doses yet the most recent clinical trial failed to demonstrate survival benefit at 15  mg/kg/day. Dose finding studies suggest that higher doses still may be safe and more effective. Fluoroquinolones are currently listed as importan...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - February 28, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Nosocomial Infections in the Neurointensive Care Unit
This article reviews the concept of brain injury –induced immune modulation, and summarizes available data and knowledge on nosocomial meningitis and ventriculitis, and systemic infectious complications in patients with traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and status epilepticus.
Source: Neurosurgery Clinics of North America - March 2, 2018 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Katharina Maria Busl Source Type: research

Increase of Meningitis Risk in Stroke Patients in Taiwan
Chie-Hong Wang, Tsung-Li Lin, Chih-Hsin Muo, Chen-Huan Lin, Yu-Chuen Huang, Ru-Huei Fu, Woei-Cherng Shyu, Shih-Ping Liu
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 2, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Feasibility of endoscopic endonasal approach for clip application of cerebral aneurysms: a systematic review.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite a moderate increase in utilization, caution should be exercised when choosing an endonasal strategy for treatment of aneurysmal pathology over more traditional and established methods such as microsurgical clip application and endovascular methods. Anecdotal evidence suggests that inferior and/or medial projecting aneurysms involving the paraclinoid ICA not amenable to traditional open/endovascular strategies may be reasonable to consider for EEA clip application. Wide-necked, midline, ventrolaterally-projecting aneurysms involving the vertebrobasilar system may represent an additional exception, as lo...
Source: Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences - March 29, 2018 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: J Neurosurg Sci Source Type: research

Cerebral vasculitis and lateral rectus palsy – two rare central nervous system complications of dengue fever: two case reports and review of the literature
ConclusionsCentral nervous system vasculitis due to dengue infection is a very rare phenomenon, and to the best of our knowledge, only one case of central nervous system vasculitis has been reported to date, in a patient of pediatric age. Cranial nerve palsy related to dengue infection is also rare, and only a few cases of isolated abducens nerve palsy have been reported to date. The two cases described in this report illustrate the rare but important central nervous system manifestations of dengue fever and support the fact that the central nervous system is one of the important systems that can be affected in patients with dengue infection.
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports - April 19, 2018 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Nosocomial Infections in the Neurointensive Care Unit
This article reviews the concept of brain injury –induced immune modulation, and summarizes available data and knowledge on nosocomial meningitis and ventriculitis, and systemic infectious complications in patients with traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and status epilepticus.
Source: Neurosurgery Clinics of North America - April 1, 2018 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Katharina Maria Busl Source Type: research

Neuroinfections caused by fungi
ConclusionAlthough the number of fungal species causing CNS mycosis is increasing, only some possess well-defined treatment standards (e.g., cryptococcal meningitis and CNS aspergillosis). The early diagnosis of fungal infection, accompanied by identification of the etiological factor, is needed to allow the selection of effective therapy in patients with FIs-CNS and limit their high mortality.
Source: Infection - May 21, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Diagnosing causes of headache within the postpartum period.
CONCLUSIONS: Research has shown that many postpartum headaches go undiagnosed and as a result are poorly treated, often returning following discharge from secondary care (Nelson-Piercy 2010 ). The hope is that the introduction of this adjuvant will allow clinicians to identify the cause of postpartum headaches earlier and will allow life threatening diagnoses to be quickly excluded. PMID: 29944052 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology - June 28, 2018 Category: OBGYN Tags: J Obstet Gynaecol Source Type: research

Infantile tuberculous meningitis complicated by West syndrome
We describe three infants, who had tuberculous meningitis complicated by stroke and paradoxical tuberculoma, and, who later developed West syndrome.
Source: Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences - July 5, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sumeet R Dhawan Jitendra K Sahu Naveen Sankhyan Sameer Vyas Pratibha D Singhi Source Type: research

Heartfelt sepsis: microvascular injury due to genomic storm.
Abstract Sepsis is one of the ten leading causes of death in developed and developing countries. In the United States, sepsis mortality approaches that of acute myocardial infarction and exceeds deaths from stroke. Neonates and the elderly are the most vulnerable patients, with these groups suffering from the highest sepsis mortality. In both groups, many survivors respectively display serious developmental disabilities and cognitive decline. The National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Panel redefined sepsis as a "severe endothelial dysfunction syndrome in response to intravascular and...
Source: Polish Heart Journal - July 5, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hawiger J Tags: Kardiol Pol Source Type: research

Intracranial tuberculous mass lesions treated with thalidomide in an immunocompetent child from a low tuberculosis endemic country: A case report
We describe a case of an Italian child. Diagnoses: we diagnosed early a Tuberculous meningitis complicated by the occurrence of hydrocephalus, stroke, and paradoxical reaction with brain pseudo-abscesses. Interventions: The child started readily a specific therapy associated with steroids and thalidomide was introduced few month later. Outcomes: the patient had a favorable outcome without neurologic sequelae. Lessons: Despite the prompt specific anti-tubercular and adjuvant corticosteroid therapies, only the addition of thalidomide to the treatment allow to a favorable clinical outcome.
Source: Medicine - July 1, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Neurologic Complications of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
This article reviews the presentation, diagnosis, and management of the most common neurologic conditions associated with HIV infection and ART.
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - October 1, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke as a complication of cryptococcal meningitis and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a case report
Cryptococcal meningitis remains the leading cause of adult meningitis in Sub-Saharan Africa. Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) following anti-retroviral therapy (ART) initiation is an importan...
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - October 16, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jayne P. Ellis, Newton Kalata, Elizabeth C. Joekes, Samuel Kampondeni, Laura A. Benjamin, Thomas S. Harrison, David G. Lalloo and Robert S. Heyderman Tags: Case report Source Type: research

Woman, 25, died of meningitis after being diagnosed with 'panic attack'
Sarah Cullen, 25, from Blackpool in Lancashire, died in December 2014 after suffering a stroke and meningitis and her parents say the hospital where she died won't meet with them or answer their questions.
Source: the Mail online | Health - October 17, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Modern principles of neurocritical care.
Abstract Neurological diseases frequently demanding admittance to a dedicated neurological intensive care unit (neurocritical care) comprise space-occupying ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, status epilepticus, bacterial meningitis, myasthenic crisis and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Due to often necessary analgesia, sedation and mechanical ventilation, neuromonitoring should ideally be employed. This consists of bedside invasive and non-invasive methods for monitoring cerebral perfusion, oxygenation, metabolism and neurophysiology. Modern treatment principles...
Source: Der Nervenarzt - November 8, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Bösel J Tags: Nervenarzt Source Type: research