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Arterial Tortuosity: An Imaging Biomarker of Childhood Stroke Pathogenesis? Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— In children with dissection and transient cerebral arteriopathy, cerebral arteries demonstrate increased tortuosity. Quantified arterial tortuosity may represent a clinically relevant imaging biomarker of vascular biology in pediatric stroke.
Source: Stroke - April 24, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Wei, F., Diedrich, K. T., Fullerton, H. J., deVeber, G., Wintermark, M., Hodge, J., Kirton, A., the Vascular Effects of Infection in Pediatric Stroke (VIPS) Investigators, Dowling, Benedict, Bernard, Fox, Friedman, Lo, Ichord, Tan, Mackay, Hernandez, Hump Tags: Risk Factors, Angiography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Ischemic Stroke, Vascular Disease Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Pediatric Acute Stroke Protocol Activation in a Children's Hospital Emergency Department Brief Reports
Conclusions— Of pediatric brain attacks, 24% were stroke, 2% were transient ischemic attack, and 14% were other neurological emergencies. Together, 40% had a stroke or other neurological emergency, underscoring the need for prompt evaluation and management of children with brain attacks.
Source: Stroke - July 27, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Ladner, T. R., Mahdi, J., Gindville, M. C., Gordon, A., Harris, Z. L., Crossman, K., Pruthi, S., Abramo, T. J., Jordan, L. C. Tags: Emergency treatment of Stroke, Stroke in Children and the Young Brief Reports Source Type: research

What Are the Classifications of Perinatal Stroke?
Discussion Perinatal stroke occurs in about 1:1000 live births and is a “focal vascular injury from the fetal period to 28 days postnatal age.” Perinatal stroke is the most common cause of hemiparetic cerebral palsy and causes other significant morbidity including cognitive deficits, learning disabilities, motor problems, sensory problems including visual and hearing disorders, epilepsy, and behavioral and psychological problems. Family members are also affected because of the potential anxiety and guilt feelings that having a child with a stroke presents, along with the care that may be needed over the child&#...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - May 1, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Stroke in paediatric patients with sickle-cell anaemia.
CONCLUSIONS. Drepanocytosis is a disease that is emerging in our setting as a result of immigration. It should be suspected in cases of paediatric strokes associated to anaemia, above all in black children under the age of five who were not submitted to neonatal screening. PMID: 25059265 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Revista de Neurologia - July 29, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Diaz-Diaz J, Camacho-Salas A, Nunez-Enamorado N, Carro-Rodriguez MA, Sanchez-Galan V, Martinez de Aragon A, Simon-De Las Heras R Tags: Rev Neurol Source Type: research

Hypovolemia due to cerebral salt wasting may contribute to stroke in tuberculous meningitis
ConclusionIn TBM, stroke occurred in 39.5% of the patients, 50% of whom had CSW. Volume contraction due to CSW may contribute to stroke.
Source: QJM - April 9, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Meningeal Disease Masquerading as Transient Ischemic Attack
Conclusions: Our study confirmed that serious meningeal disease could present as TIA, but this disease was relatively uncommon among patients treated in a TIA clinic. The findings highlight the diagnostic value of MRI in patients with suspected TIA.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 25, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Line Cuinat, Nathalie Nasr, Jeanine Manuela Kamsu, Frédéric Tanchoux, Fabrice Bonneville, Vincent Larrue Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Neurological Involvement in Primary Systemic Vasculitis
Conclusion Neurological involvement is a common complication of PSV (Table 1), and neurologists play an important role in the identification and diagnosis of PSV patients with otherwise unexplained neurological symptoms as their chief complaint. This article summarizes the neurological manifestations of PSV and hopes to improve neuroscientists' understanding of this broad range of diseases. TABLE 1 Table 1. Common CNS and PNS involvements of primary systemic vasculitis. Author Contributions SZ conceived the article and wrote the manuscript. DY and GT reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Janssen Announces U.S. FDA Approval of PONVORY ™ (ponesimod), an Oral Treatment for Adults with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Proven Superior to Aubagio® (teriflunomide) in Reducing Annual Relapses and Brain Lesions
TITUSVILLE, N.J. – (March 19, 2021) – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved PONVORY™ (ponesimod), a once-daily oral selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) modulator, to treat adults with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), to include clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease and active secondary progressive disease.1,2,3 PONVORY™ offers MS patients superior efficacy in reducing annualized relapse rates compared to an established oral therapy and a proven safety profile backed by ove...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - March 19, 2021 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Innovation Source Type: news

UCLA researchers provide first evidence of how obstructive sleep apnea damages the brain
Courtesy of Rajesh Kumar Brains with obstructive sleep apnea (left) and without UCLA researchers have reported the first evidence that obstructive sleep apnea contributes to a breakdown of the blood–brain barrier, which plays an important role in protecting brain tissue. The discovery, reported in the Sept. 1 issue of the Journal of Neuroimaging, could lead to new approaches for treating obstructive sleep apnea, which affects an estimated 22 million American adults. The disorder causes frequent interruptions in breathing during sleep because the airways narrow or become blocked. The blood–brain barrier limits harmful...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - September 1, 2015 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Spectrum of hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state in neurology practice.
Abstract Background & objectives: Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS) is a medical emergency, but there is a paucity of studies reporting the spectrum of neurological manifestations of HHS. We, therefore, report the neurological spectrum, triggering factors and outcome of HHS in general neurology practice. Methods: The records of the patients with HHS were extracted from computerized hospital information system and those managed currently were prospectively included. The demographic, clinical manifestations, duration of diabetes and precipitating events such as infection, stress and stroke were noted....
Source: The Indian Journal of Medical Research - November 1, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Misra UK, Kalita J, Bhoi SK, Dubey D Tags: Indian J Med Res Source Type: research

What Causes Ataxia?
Discussion Coordination and balance problems are caused by various problems affecting the central and peripheral nervous system. Normal development of a child or weakness of a child are commonly mistaken for true ataxia. Ataxia specifically refers to “…impairment of the coordination of movement without loss of muscle strength.” If it is purely due to abnormalities of the cerebellum then there should be no changes in mental status, sensation or weakness. Sometimes it is difficult to determine if there are abnormalities in other areas. For example, Guillian-Barre often presents with difficulty or clumsy wal...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - March 31, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Publication date: April 2016 Source:Seminars in Ultrasound, CT and MRI, Volume 37, Issue 2 Author(s): William G. Bradley Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a syndrome found in the elderly, which is characterized by ventriculomegaly and deep white matter ischemia (DWMI) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the clinical triad of gait disturbance, dementia, and urinary incontinence. NPH has been estimated to account for up to 10% of cases of dementia and is significant because it is treatable by ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Patients with a known cause of chronic communicating hydrocephalus, that is, meningitis or ...
Source: Seminars in Ultrasound, CT and MRI - April 12, 2016 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage due to Spinal Cord Schwannoma Presenting Findings Mimicking Meningitis
We report an unusual case of spinal SAH mimicking meningitis with normal brain computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and negative CT angiography. Cerebrospinal fluid examination results were consistent with the manifestation of SAH. Spinal MRI performed subsequently showed an intradural extramedullary mass. The patient received surgery and was finally diagnosed with spinal cord schwannoma.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 23, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Hong-Mei Zhang, Yin-Xi Zhang, Qing Zhang, Shui-Jiang Song, Zhi-Rong Liu Tags: Case Studies Source Type: research

Does restricted diffusion in the splenium indicate an acute infarct?
ConclusionNot every diffuse restriction observed on MRI indicates an ischemic stroke. Although radiologic images of the splenium may suggest acute ischemic infarction, the actual cause may be another pathology. Therefore, the symptoms and aetiologies of patients with splenium lesions should be considered and investigated from a wide range of perspectives.
Source: Acta Neurologica Belgica - January 6, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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