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Nrf2 as a Potential Mediator of Cardiovascular Risk in Metabolic Diseases
Conclusion Activation of the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant system plays an important role in cell defense against oxidative stress damage, whereas the insufficiency of the Nrf2 system is associated with multiple aspects of the genesis and progression of metabolic diseases, posing a great risk to the cardiovascular system (Figure 1). The systemic increase of Nrf2 activity by several activators may be beneficial in the treatment of metabolic diseases. In addition, selective upregulation of Nrf2 genes may represent a potential therapy in obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis. Looking to the future, experimental research that el...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Effect of Inflammation on the Process of Stroke Rehabilitation and Poststroke Depression
Conclusions Stroke comprises ischemic stroke and ICH. The immuno-inflammatory process is involved in neural plasticity following events such as a hemorrhage or ischemic stroke. After ischemia, astrocytes, microglia, and MDMs play important roles during rehabilitation with the modulation of cytokines or chemokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1. Moreover, MiRNAs are also important posttranscriptional regulators in these glial mitochondrial responses to cerebral ischemia. ICH involves processes similar and different to those seen in ischemia, including neuronal injury, astrocytic and microglial/macrophage activation, and n...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Combining Human Umbilical Cord Blood Cells With Erythropoietin Enhances Angiogenesis/Neurogenesis and Behavioral Recovery After Stroke
In conclusion, our results suggest that hUCBC infusion in combination with EPO administration demonstrates therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of stroke-induced injury by promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Further research that delineates the therapeutic mechanism of systemically administered hUCBC and EPO is required. Ethics Statement All experimental procedures involving animals were performed in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals as adopted and promulgated by the U. S. National Institutes of Health and were approved by CHA University Institutional Animal Care & Use Com...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Consecutive Slides on Axial View Is More Effective Than Transversal Diameter to Differentiate Mechanisms of Single Subcortical Infarctions in the Lenticulostriate Artery Territory
Conclusion: Consecutive slides on axial view (≥4 consecutive slices) might be more effective than transversal diameter to identify the atherosclerotic mechanisms of SSIs in the lenticulostriate artery territory. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00664846 Introduction Single subcortical infarctions (SSIs) have been considered to be caused by lipohyalinosis degeneration in small artery disease, traditionally called lacunar infarct (1). However, atherosclerosis occurring in the parental artery blocking the orifice of the branch artery or atherosclerosis in the p...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stenosis Length and Degree Interact With the Risk of Cerebrovascular Events Related to Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis
Conclusion: We found a statistically insignificant tendency for the ultrasound-measured length of sICAS<70% to be longer than that of sICAS≥70%. Moreover, the ultrasound-measured length of sICAS<90% was significantly longer than that of sICAS 90%. Among patients with sICAS≥70%, the degree and length of stenosis were inversely correlated. Larger studies are needed before a clinical implication can be drawn from these results. Introduction Internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) causes around one-fifth of ischemic cerebrovascular stroke and has the highest risk of early stroke recurrence...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Statin Use in Patients Undergoing Carotid Artery Endarterectomy May Significantly Reduce the Occurrence of 30-Day Stroke and Myocardial Infarction
With great interest, we read the article by Texakalidis et  al1 entitled “Outcome of Carotid Artery Endarterectomy in Statin Users versus Statin-Naïve Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” published in a recent issue of WORLD NEUROSURGERY. The authors performed a meta-analysis to determine whether the use of statins is beneficial in patient s undergoing carotid artery endarterectomy (CEA). The study is of profound academic importance, and there are some points we would like to address.
Source: World Neurosurgery - September 20, 2018 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Feng Zheng, Chuanzhen Qiu, Shaochun Yang, Boris Krischek Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Scientific expert reaction to Cochrane Review on omega-3 fatty acids
This study provides no evidence to suggest that this dietary advice should change.”Read the press releaseSee the media coverageDeclared interestsProf Tim Chico: “No conflicts.”Dr Ian Johnson: “Ian Johnson has previously held honorary academic appointments in the medical school at the University of East Anglia.”Prof Tom Sanders: “Scientific governor of British Nutrition Foundation, Honorary Director of Nutrition HEART UK.”The Science Media CentreThe Science Media Centre is an independent venture working to promote the voices, stories and views from the scientific community to the news media when science is in ...
Source: Cochrane News and Events - July 17, 2018 Category: Information Technology Authors: Muriah Umoquit Source Type: news

Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Hypertriglyceridemic Patients with Statin-Controlled LDL Cholesterol.
Conclusions: CVD risk in statin-treated patients was associated with high TG levels. Ongoing CV outcome trials of add-on therapies in statin treated high-risk patients with high TG levels are testing this hypothesis. PMID: 29850861 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - May 29, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Nichols GA, Philip S, Reynolds K, Granowitz CB, Fazio S Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Statins cut heart deaths in men by 28% finds study
Conclusion This new analysis found that men without cardiovascular disease who were prescribed a statin were less likely to go on to develop heart disease or have a major cardiovascular event. These findings from the five-year randomised controlled trial are useful – there's been a lot of debate about whether giving statins to people without any cardiovascular disease is helpful. But it's harder to draw conclusions from the longer term results, as these were from a non-randomised observational period. Potential confounding factors – such as the men's attitude to medicine, risk and health – may have influenced the res...
Source: NHS News Feed - September 7, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Source Type: news

Continued Statin Prescriptions After Adverse Reactions and Patient Outcomes: A Cohort Study.
Conclusion: Continued statin prescriptions after an adverse reaction were associated with a lower incidence of death and cardiovascular events. Primary Funding Source: Chinese National Key Program of Clinical Science, National Natural Science Foundation of China, and Young Scientific Research Fund of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. PMID: 28738423 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - July 25, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Zhang H, Plutzky J, Shubina M, Turchin A Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

Low-gluten diet linked to heart attack risk
Conclusion This study has found that while overall gluten consumption in people without coeliac disease may not be related to heart disease risk, avoiding whole grains (wheat, barley and rye) in order to avoid gluten may be associated with increased heart disease risk. This study has several strengths, including its large size, the fact that data was collected prospectively and diet assessed at several time-points, the long period of follow up, and that it took into account a wide range of potential confounders. As with all studies of this type, it is possible that other factors may affect the results. However, the researc...
Source: NHS News Feed - May 4, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Food/diet Heart/lungs Source Type: news

Novel Treatments in Neuroprotection for Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Opinion statement New neuroprotective treatments aimed at preventing or minimizing “delayed brain injury” are attractive areas of investigation and hold the potential to have substantial beneficial effects on aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) survivors. The underlying mechanisms for this “delayed brain injury” are multi-factorial and not fully understood. The most ideal treatment strategies would have the potential for a pleotropic effect positively modulating multiple implicated pathophysiological mechanisms at once. My personal management (RFJ) of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - June 19, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Autism in the Son of a Woman with Mitochondrial Myopathy and Dysautonomia: A Case Report
Conclusion Given emerging evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly in the electron transport chain needed for cellular energy production, is an underlying pathophysiological mechanism for some varieties of ASD, clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for mitochondrial disease, especially when they encounter a patient with unusual neurological or constitutional symptoms. The prevalence of mitochondrial disease in ASD patients may be as high as five percent, which means that it is not the “zebra”[27] diagnosis that it might be in a non-ASD patient, where prevalence is about 0.01 percent.10 Reference...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - October 9, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Asperger's syndrome Autism Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Current Issue Intellectual Disability Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Pervasive Developmental Disorders ASD autism spectrum disorder dysauton Source Type: research

Mediterranean diet cuts heart and stroke risk
Conclusion The results of this randomised controlled trial appear to confirm previous studies that there are benefits to following a Mediterranean diet. The trial has many strengths, including its large size, long period of follow-up, thorough assessment of medical outcomes (including reviewing medical records and having contact with the family doctor), and careful attempts to assess whether the diets were being followed. As this is a randomised controlled trial, it should also balance out other health and lifestyle differences between the groups that may influence cardiovascular risk. This avoids the limitations of m...
Source: NHS News Feed - February 26, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Food/diet Heart/lungs Source Type: news

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