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Drug: Acetylcysteine
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Total 2370 results found since Jan 2013.
The role of TRPC6 in oxidative stress-induced podocyte ischemic injury.
In this study, we found that renal ischemia-reperfusion injury induced podocyte effacement and the upregulation of TRPC6 mRNA and protein expression. In in vitro experiments, oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) treatment enhanced the expression of TRPC6 and TRPC6-dependent Ca(2+) influx. TRPC6 knockdown by siRNA interference attenuated the OGD-induced [Ca(2+)]i and actin assembly. OGD treatment also increased ROS production. Furthermore, inhibition of ROS activity by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) eliminated the OGD-induced increase in TRPC6 expression and Ca(2+) influx. H2O2 treatment, which results in oxidative stress, also incr...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 17, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhao B, Yang H, Zhang R, Sun H, Liao C, Xu J, Meng K, Jiao J Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research
Cytokine-mediated dysregulation of zonula occludens-1 properties in human brain microvascular endothelium
Publication date: July 2015 Source:Microvascular Research, Volume 100 Author(s): Keith D. Rochfort , Philip M. Cummins Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) is essential to the proper assembly of interendothelial junction complexes that control blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity. The goal of the current paper was to improve our understanding of how proinflammatory cytokines modulate ZO-1 properties within the human BBB microvascular endothelium. In this respect, we investigated the effects of TNF-α and IL-6 on ZO-1 using human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMvECs). Following treatment of HBMvECs with either cytokine (0...
Source: Microvascular Research - June 10, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Influence of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) inhibition on lung epithelial cell injury: role of oxidative stress and metabolism
Oxidant-mediated tissue injury is key to the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are important detoxifying enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of glutathione with toxic oxidant compounds and are associated with acute and chronic inflammatory lung diseases. We hypothesized that attenuation of cellular GST enzymes would augment intracellular oxidative and metabolic stress and induce lung cell injury. Treatment of murine lung epithelial cells with GST inhibitors, ethacrynic acid (EA), and caffeic acid compromised lung epithelial cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. These inhib...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - June 15, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Fletcher, M. E., Boshier, P. R., Wakabayashi, K., Keun, H. C., Smolenski, R. T., Kirkham, P. A., Adcock, I. M., Barton, P. J., Takata, M., Marczin, N. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research
Influence of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) inhibition on lung epithelial cell injury: role of oxidative stress and metabolism.
Abstract
Oxidant-mediated tissue injury is key to the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are important detoxifying enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of glutathione with toxic oxidant compounds and are associated with acute and chronic inflammatory lung diseases. We hypothesized that attenuation of cellular GST enzymes would augment intracellular oxidative and metabolic stress and induce lung cell injury. Treatment of murine lung epithelial cells with GST inhibitors, ethacrynic acid (EA), and caffeic acid compromised lung epithelial cell viability in a concentration-dependent m...
Source: Am J Physiol Lung Ce... - June 15, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Fletcher ME, Boshier PR, Wakabayashi K, Keun HC, Smolenski RT, Kirkham PA, Adcock IM, Barton PJ, Takata M, Marczin N Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research
Abstract 4379: MPT0B292 enhances acetylation of {alpha}-tubulin through up-regulation of acetyltransferase gene, MEC-17 and exhibits potent anti-tumor, anti-angiogenesis and anti-metastatic effects in vitro and in vivo
In recent years, epigenetic therapeutics is a new generation of chemotherapeutics for cancer. Microtubule-targeted agents constitute a type of anticancer drugs largely used in the clinics. Cells generate distinct microtubule subtypes through expression of different iso-types and through post-translational modifications, including acetylation, detyrosination, polyglutamination and polyglycylation. The acetylation of α-tubulin K-40 is controlled by the balance between acetyltransferase and de-acetylase expression. MEC-17, one of α-tubulin acetyltransferases, plays an important role in the regulation of acetylation of α-tu...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chang, J.-Y., Cheng, Y.-C. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research
Reactive oxygen species production has a critical role in hypoxia-induced Stat3 activation and angiogenesis in human glioblastoma
In this study, we explored the possible implication of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hypoxia-driven Stat3 activation in human glioblastoma. We found that hypoxic stress increased ROS production as well as Stat3 activation and that ROS inhibitors (diphenyleneiodonium, rotenone and myxothiazol) and an antioxidant (N-acetyl-l-cysteine) blocked Stat3 activation under hypoxic conditions. To determine a major route of ROS production, we tested whether nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (Nox4) is involved in hypoxia-induced ROS production. Nox4 expression was found to be increased at both mRNA and protein le...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology - August 21, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Mitochondrially Mediated HSF1 Activation Induces Cln-1 Molecular Bases of Disease
In this study, we demonstrated that mitochondrial respiratory defects induced Cln-1 transcription via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) activation, which contributed to hepatoma invasiveness. We first confirmed the inverse relationship between mitochondrial defects and Cln-1 induction in SNU hepatoma cells and hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. We then examined five different respiratory complex inhibitors, and complex I inhibition by rotenone most effectively induced Cln-1 at the transcriptional level. Rotenone increased both mitochondrial and cytosolic ROS. In addition, rotenone-induced Cln...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - August 28, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Lee, J.-H., Lee, Y.-K., Lim, J. J., Byun, H.-O., Park, I., Kim, G.-H., Xu, W. G., Wang, H.-J., Yoon, G. Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research
Differential protection of pre- versus post-treatment with curcumin, Trolox, and N-acetylcysteine against acrylonitrile-induced cytotoxicity in primary rat astrocytes.
CONCLUSIONS: The selected antioxidants exert differential cellular protection when administered prior or subsequent to AN-induced toxic events in decreasing cellular viability, antioxidative capacity and mitochondrial function, enhanced cytotoxicity and ROS production. These results suggest that antioxidants should be carefully chosen for their efficacy in preventing or diminishing oxidative damage caused by AN. The differential effect of pre- and post-treatment may be attributed to activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
PMID: 26409646 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurotoxicology - September 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Yu B, Changsheng Y, Wenjun Z, Ben L, Hai Q, Jing M, Guangwei X, Shuhua W, Fang L, Aschner M, Rongzhu L Tags: Neurotoxicology Source Type: research
Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects mediated by M2 muscarinic receptor activation in human glioblastoma cells
In conclusion, in addition to a cytostatic effect previously described, in the present study we have better characterized the mechanisms causing the cytotoxic effects and the apoptotic cell death in glioblastoma cells after M2 receptor activation. These data allow to consider this receptor a new interesting therapeutic tool for the glioblastoma treatment.
Source: Neurochemistry International - October 10, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Evaluation of HO-1 expression, cellular ROS production, cellular proliferation and cellular apoptosis in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tumors and cell lines.
Authors: Ren QG, Yang SL, Hu JL, Li PD, Chen YS, Wang QS
Abstract
Patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have a poor prognosis. However, the related mechanisms are unclear, thus we investigated the expression of HO-1 in ESCC tissue and explored possible mechanisms of tumor progression. Expression of HO-1 was examined by immunohistochemistry in 143 ESCC tumors. The correlation of HO-1 with clinicopathological characteristics was also examined. Two human ESCC cell lines, TE-13 and Eca109 were studied. Silencing of cell line HO-1 by specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) was evaluated using real-time...
Source: Oncology Reports - January 21, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research
Helicobacter pylori induces Snail expression through ROS‐mediated activation of Erk and inactivation of GSK‐3β in human gastric cancer cells
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been known to be implicated in human gastric carcinogenesis. Snail, the zinc‐finger transcription factor known as a key inducer of changes in the cell shape and morphogenetic movement, is aberrantly overexpressed and correlates with lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. In the present study, we investigated whether H. pylori could induce Snail activation to provoke these changes. Using a cell scatter assay, we noticed that human gastric cancer AGS cells infected with H. pylori underwent morphological changes as well as disruption of cell–cell interaction, which was then ...
Source: Molecular Carcinogenesis - January 26, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hoang‐Kieu‐Chi Ngo, Hee Geum Lee, Juan‐Yu Piao, Xiancai Zhong, Ha‐Na Lee, Hyeong‐Jun Han, Wonki Kim, Do‐Hee Kim, Young‐Nam Cha, Hye‐Kyung Na, Young‐Joon Surh Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
MIOX in Diabetic Nephropathy Molecular Bases of Disease
In conclusion, this study highlights a novel mechanism where MIOX under HG ambience exacerbates renal injury during the progression of diabetic nephropathy following the generation of excessive ROS via an unexplored G-X pathway.
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - March 11, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Sun, L., Dutta, R. K., Xie, P., Kanwar, Y. S. Tags: Glycobiology and Extracellular Matrices Source Type: research
Kaempferol induces ATM/p53-mediated death receptor and mitochondrial apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
In this study, we investigated the role of kaempferol on anti-angiogenic property and the apoptotic mechanism of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our results demonstrated that kaempferol decreased HUVEC viability in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Kaempferol also induced morphological changes and sub-G1 phase cell population (apoptotic cells). Kaempferol triggered apoptosis of HUVECs as detecting by DNA fragmentation, comet assay and immunofluorescent staining for activated caspase-3. The caspase signals, including caspase-8, -9 and -3, were time-dependently activated in HUVECs after kaempferol ...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - March 4, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lee CF, Yang JS, Tsai FJ, Chiang NN, Lu CC, Huang YS, Chen C, Chen FA Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research
Gambogic Acid Inhibits Malignant Melanoma Cell Proliferation Through Mitochondrial p66shc/ROS-p53/Bax-Mediated Apoptosis
Conclusion: Results provided novel preclinical insights into the chemotherapeutic use of GA by highlighting the importance of p66shc/ROS-p53/Bax pathways in the antitumor effect of GA in malignant melanoma.Cell Physiol Biochem 2016;38:1618-1630
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - April 27, 2016 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Metal mixture (As-Cd-Pb)-induced cell transformation is modulated by OLA1
Environmental pollutants are complex mixtures in which metals are ubiquitous. Metal mixtures of arsenic, cadmium and lead are present in the occupational environment and generate health effects such as cardiovascular, renal and cancer diseases. Cell transformation induced by metal mixtures that depend on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell viability maintenance and avoidance of senescence was previously reported by our group. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of a Obg-like ATPase1 (OLA1) in the cell transformation of BALB/c 3T3 A31-1-1 clonal cells induced by a metal mixture (2 µM NaAsO2...
Source: Mutagenesis - June 21, 2016 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Martinez-Baeza, E., Rojas, E., Valverde, M. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
